scholarly journals The Ethic of Access: An AIDS Activist Won Public Access to Experimental Therapies, and This Must Now Extend to Psychedelics for Mental Illness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Campbell ◽  
Monnica T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Early Access ◽  
Experimental Drugs ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Experimental Therapies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Right

If patients with mental illnesses are to be treated fairly in comparison with other categories of patients, they must be given access to promising experimental therapies, including psychedelics. The right of early access to promising therapies was advanced as an ethical principle by activist Larry Kramer during the AIDS pandemic, and has now largely been adopted by the medical establishment. Patients are regularly granted access to experimental drugs for many illness categories, such as cancer and infectious diseases. The need for expanded access is especially relevant during evolving crises like the AIDS and the coronavirus pandemics. In contrast to non-psychiatric branches of medicine, psychiatry has failed to expedite access to promising drugs in the face of public health emergencies, psychological crises, the wishes of many patients, and the needs of the community. Psychiatry must catch up to the rest of medicine and allow the preferences of patients for access to guide policy and law regarding unapproved medications like psychedelics.

Confession, the New Psychology, and Birth Control, 1920–60

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Moral Issue ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Empirical Psychology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Catholic Tradition

The chapter addresses challenges from empirical psychology and psychiatry that called into question some of the inherited conceptions of sin and guilt. Those relatively new sciences caused some in the Catholic tradition to oppose the psychological approaches as a threat to the confessional tradition and others to reconsider confession in the face of the emerging sciences and to emphasize the benefits of the new psychology for understanding neuroses and mental illnesses that confessors periodically encountered in the confessional. Some, too, underlined the therapeutic and psychological benefits of auricular confession that were consistent with the new sciences. The moral issue of birth control also arose for Catholics in the early 1930s when Pope Pius XI condemned the use of all artificial means of birth regulation. Anecdotal and statistical evidence seems to indicated that significant numbers of childbearing Catholics practiced birth control and a few ceased going to confession because of it.

scholarly journals Drug interactions: a review of the unseen danger of experimental COVID-19 therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3417-3424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Hodge ◽  
Fiona Marra ◽  
Catia Marzolini ◽  
Alison Boyle ◽  
Sara Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Qt Prolongation ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Experimental Drugs ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Experimental Therapies ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract As global health services respond to the coronavirus pandemic, many prescribers are turning to experimental drugs. This review aims to assess the risk of drug–drug interactions in the severely ill COVID-19 patient. Experimental therapies were identified by searching ClinicalTrials.gov for ‘COVID-19’, ‘2019-nCoV’, ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ and ‘SARS-CoV-2’. The last search was performed on 30 June 2020. Herbal medicines, blood-derived products and in vitro studies were excluded. We identified comorbidities by searching PubMed for the MeSH terms ‘COVID-19’, ‘Comorbidity’ and ‘Epidemiological Factors’. Potential drug–drug interactions were evaluated according to known pharmacokinetics, overlapping toxicities and QT risk. Drug–drug interactions were graded GREEN and YELLOW: no clinically significant interaction; AMBER: caution; RED: serious risk. A total of 2378 records were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov, which yielded 249 drugs that met inclusion criteria. Thirteen primary compounds were screened against 512 comedications. A full database of these interactions is available at www.covid19-druginteractions.org. Experimental therapies for COVID-19 present a risk of drug–drug interactions, with lopinavir/ritonavir (10% RED, 41% AMBER; mainly a perpetrator of pharmacokinetic interactions but also risk of QT prolongation particularly when given with concomitant drugs that can prolong QT), chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (both 7% RED and 27% AMBER, victims of some interactions due to metabolic profile but also perpetrators of QT prolongation) posing the greatest risk. With management, these risks can be mitigated. We have published a drug–drug interaction resource to facilitate medication review for the critically ill patient.

scholarly journals Chronic (Rasmussen’s) Encephalitis in an Adult

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wennberg ◽  
Sukriti Nag ◽  
Mary-Pat McAndrews ◽  
Andres M. Lozano ◽  
Richard Farb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Mild Head Injury ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rasmussen’S Encephalitis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

A 24-year-old woman was referred because of incompletely-controlled complex partial seizures. Her seizures had started at age 21, after a mild head injury with brief loss of consciousness incurred in a biking accident, and were characterized by a sensation of bright flashing lights in the right visual field, followed by numbness and tingling in the right foot, spreading up the leg and to the arm, ultimately involving the entire right side, including the face. Occasionally they spread further to involve right facial twitching with jerking of the right arm and leg, loss of awareness and, at the onset of her epilepsy, rare secondarily generalized convulsions. Seizure frequency averaged three to four per month. She was initially treated with phenytoin and clobazam and subsequently changed to carbamazepine 800 milligrams per day. She also complained that her right side was no longer as strong as her left and that it was also numb, especially the leg, but felt that this weakness had stabilized or improved slightly over the past two years.

The Essence of Christianity and the Cross of Christ

1914 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-594
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Warfield
Keyword(s):  
New Haven ◽  
Liberal Theology ◽  
Religious System ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Of Christ ◽  
The Face ◽  
Divinity School ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Right

In a recent number of The Harvard Theological Review, Professor Douglas Clyde Macintosh of the Yale Divinity School outlines in a very interesting manner the religious system to which he gives his adherence. For “substance of doctrine” (to use a form of speech formerly quite familiar at New Haven) this religious system does not differ markedly from what is usually taught in the circles of the so-called “Liberal Theology.” Professor Macintosh has, however, his own way of construing and phrasing the common “Liberal” teaching; and his own way of construing and phrasing it presents a number of features which invite comment. It is tempting to turn aside to enumerate some of these, and perhaps to offer some remarks upon them. As we must make a selection, however, it seems best to confine ourselves to what appears on the face of it to be the most remarkable thing in Professor Macintosh's representations. This is his disposition to retain for his religious system the historical name of Christianity, although it utterly repudiates the cross of Christ, and in fact feels itself (in case of need) quite able to get along without even the person of Christ. A “new Christianity,” he is willing, to be sure, to allow that it is—a “new Christianity for which the world is waiting”; and as such he is perhaps something more than willing to separate it from what he varyingly speaks of as “the older Christianity,” “actual Christianity,” “historic Christianity,” “actual, historical Christianity.” He strenuously claims for it, nevertheless, the right to call itself by the name of “Christianity.”

Human rights of people with mental illness diagnosis: perceptions among service users, family members and health professionals in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayssa Rekhis ◽  
Sami Ouanes ◽  
Abir Ben Hamouda ◽  
Rym Rafrafi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Factor

Purpose This study aims to assess the awareness about the rights of people with mental illness in the main psychiatric hospital in Tunisia among the service users, the family members and the staff. Design/methodology/approach The Convention of Rights of People with Disabilities mandates that State Parties initiate and maintain campaigns and human rights training to promote understanding of the rights of people with mental illnesses, considered as a main factor for their fulfillment. Service users, family members and staff evaluated, through a survey, the importance of ten rights for persons with mental illness, stated in the convention. Findings Disparities were found in the perception of the different rights by and between the three groups. The highest levels of awareness were associated with the freedom from torture or degrading treatment and the right to live with dignity and respect, whereas the lower importance were assigned to the right to participation in recovery plans, to give consent and to exercise legal capacity. Originality/value The lack of awareness and the poor perception of rights of people with mental illness is one of the barriers to their achievement. More training and awareness raising is necessary.

What of the Child? Preventing the Publication of Children's Names After the Age of 18

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Sophy Baird
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Children are afforded a number of protections when they encounter the criminal justice system. The need for special protection stems from the vulnerable position children occupy in society. When children form part of the criminal justice system, either by being an offender, victim, or witness, they may be subjected to harm. To mitigate against the potential harm that may be caused, our law provides that criminal proceedings involving children should not be open to the public, subject to the discretion of the court. This protection naturally seems at odds with the principle of open justice. However, the courts have reconciled the limitation with the legal purpose it serves. For all the protection and the lengths that the law goes to protect the identity of children in this regard, it appears there is an unofficial timer dictating when this protection should end. The media have been at the forefront of this conundrum to the extent that they believe that once a child (offender, victim, or witness) turns 18 years old, they are free to reveal the child's identity. This belief, grounded in the right to freedom of expression and the principle of open justice, is at odds with the principle of child's best interests, right to dignity and the right to privacy. It also stares incredulously in the face of the aims of the Child Justice Act and the principles of restorative justice. Measured against the detrimental psychological effects experienced by child victims, witnesses, and offenders, this article aims to critically analyse the legal and practical implications of revealing the identity of child victims, witnesses, and offenders after they turn 18 years old.

Manufacturability Analysis for Solid Freeform Fabrication

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Arni ◽  
S. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Design Tolerance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Manufacturing Problems ◽  
Case Effect

Abstract This paper describes a systematic approach to analyzing manufacturability of parts produced using Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processes with flatness, parallelism and perpendicularity tolerance requirements on the planar faces of the part. SFF processes approximate objects using layers, therefore the part being produced exhibits stair-case effect. The extent of this stair-case effect depends on the angle between the build orientation and the face normal. Therefore, different faces whose direction normal is oriented differently with respect to the build direction may exhibit different values of inaccuracies. We use a two step approach to perform the manufacturability analysis. We first analyze each specified tolerance on the part and identify the set of feasible build directions that can be used to satisfy that tolerance. As a second step, we take the intersection of all sets of feasible build directions to identify the set of build directions that can simultaneously satisfy all specified tolerance requirements. If there is at least one build direction that can satisfy all tolerance requirements, then the part is considered manufacturable. Otherwise, the part is considered non-manufacturable. Our research will help SFF designers and process providers in the following ways. By evaluating design tolerances against a given process capability, it will help designers in eliminating manufacturing problems and selecting the right SFF process for the given design. It will help process providers in selecting a build direction that can meet all design tolerance requirements.

The Right to Freedom of Thought in the European Convention of Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Callaghan ◽  
Bethany Shiner
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Article 9 ◽  
The Face ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
The Right

Abstract This paper examines the right to freedom of thought in the European Convention on Human Rights against the background of technological developments in neuroscience and algorithmic processes. Article 9 echr provides an absolute right to freedom of thought when the integrity of our inner life or forum internum is at stake. In all other cases, where thoughts have been manifested in some way in the forum externum, the right to freedom of thought is treated as a qualified right. While Article 9 echr is a core focus of this paper, we argue that freedom of thought is further supported by Articles 8, 10 and 11 echr. This complex of rights carves out breathing space for the individual’s personal development and therefore supports the enjoyment of freedom of thought in its fullest sense. Charged with ‘maintaining and promoting the ideals and values of a democratic society’ as well as ensuring that individual human rights are given ‘practical and effective protection’, this paper predicts that the ECtHR will make greater use of the right to freedom of thought in the face of the emerging challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Ambidexterity [L'Homme droit et l'Homme gauche: les Ambidextres]. (Revue philosophique, October, 1901.) Biervliet, J. J. van.

1902 ◽  
Vol 48 (201) ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Havelock Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Method ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Careful Investigation

Professor van Biervliet has now completed his very careful study of right-sidedness and left-sidedness (already summarised in the Journal) by a still more careful investigation of ambidextrous persons. In the first place by photography, according to a special and uniform method, he finds that in the ambidextrous the two sides of the face, as well as the arms, are fairly alike, the face being slightly more developed on the right side, as among left-sided people, but not in so marked a degree. They occupy much the same position, indeed, throughout the investigation. When compared with right-sided and left-sided people as regards sensory acuteness, it is found that while the right-sided have predominant sensory acuteness on the right side, both the left-sided and the ambidextrous can see further, hear better, possess more acute tactile and muscular sense, on the left side, so that ambidexterity may be regarded as a variety of left-sidedness of more symmetrical anatomical type. In all respects the ambidextrous almost or quite resembled the left-sided.

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