scholarly journals Trade and Deforestation Predict Rat Lungworm Disease, an Invasive-Driven Zoonosis, at Global and Regional Scales

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A. de Wit ◽  
Taylor H. Ricketts
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Rat Lungworm ◽  
Land Use Policies

The introduction of non-native species and deforestation are both important drivers of environmental change that can also facilitate the geographic spread of zoonotic pathogens and increase disease risk in humans. With ongoing trends in globalization and land-use conversions, introduced species and deforestation are ever more likely to pose threats to human health. Here, we used rat lungworm disease, an emerging zoonotic disease caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis and maintained by invasive rats and snails, to explore how these two forms of environmental change can impact zoonotic disease risk. We used logistic regressions to examine the role of global trade in the introduction of A. cantonensis at a country level and used model estimates to predict the probability of introduction as a function of trade. We then used hurdle-based regression models to examine the association between deforestation and rat lungworm disease in two regions where A. cantonensis is already established: Hawaii and Thailand. At the global scale, we found the trade of horticultural products to be an important driver in the spread of A. cantonensis and that the majority of countries at high risk of future A. cantonensis introduction are islands. At country scales, we found deforestation to increase the per-capita risk of A. cantonensis exposure in Hawaii and Thailand. Our study provides a preliminary view of the associations between species introductions, deforestation, and risk of A. cantonensis exposure in people. Better understanding how these two widespread and overlapping forms of environmental change affect human health can inform international biosecurity protocols, invasive species management, and land-use policies.

The SYPR Integrative Assessment Model: Complexity in Development

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Manson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Integrated Assessment Modeling ◽  
Global Environmental

Be it global environmental change or environment and development, landuse and land-cover change is central to the dynamics and consequences in question in the southern Yucatán peninsular region. Designing policies to address these impacts is hampered by the difficulty of projecting land use and land cover, not only because the dynamics are complex but also because consequences are strongly place-based. This chapter describes an integrated assessment modeling framework that builds on the research detailed in earlier chapters in order to project land-use and land-cover change in a geographically explicit way. Integrated assessment is a term that describes holistic treatments of complex problems to assess both science and policy endeavors in global environmental change (Rotmans and Dowlatabadi 1998). The most common form of integrated assessment is computer modeling that combines socioeconomic and biogeophysical factors to predict global climate. Advanced in part by the successes of these global-scale models, integrated assessment has expanded to structure knowledge and set research priorities for a large range of coupled human–environment problems. Increasing recognition is given to the need for integrated assessment models to address regionalscale problems that are masked by global-scale assessments (Walker 1994). Such models must address two issues to project successfully land-use and land-cover change at the regional scale. First, change occurs incrementally in spatially distinct patterns that have different implications for global change (Lambin 1994). Second, a model must account for the complexity of, and relationships among, socio-economic and environmental factors (B. L. Turner et al. 1995). The SYPR integrated assessment model, therefore, has a fine temporal and spatial grain and it places land-use and landcover change at the intersection of land-manager decision-making, the environment, and socio-economic institutions. What follows is a description of an ongoing integrated assessment modeling endeavor of the SYPR project (henceforth, SYPR IA model). The depth and breadth of the SYPR project poses a challenge to the integrated assessment modeling effort since some unifying framework must reconcile a broad array of issues, theories, and data. The global change research community offers a general conception of how environmental change results from infrastructure development, population pressure, market opportunities, resource institutions, and environmental or resource policies (Stern, Young, and Drukman 1992).

scholarly journals Environmental Change and Zoonotic Disease Risk at Human-Macaque Interfaces in Bangladesh

EcoHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahanaj Shano ◽  
Ariful Islam ◽  
Emily Hagan ◽  
Melinda K. Rostal ◽  
Stephanie Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Disease

scholarly journals A call to action: Understanding land use-induced zoonotic spillover to protect environmental, animal, and human health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raina Plowright ◽  
Jamie Reaser ◽  
Harvey Locke ◽  
Stephen J. Woodley ◽  
Jonathan A. Patz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Disease Emergence ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Issues

The rapid, global spread and human health impacts of SARS-CoV-2, the agent of COVID-19 disease, demonstrates humanity’s vulnerability to zoonotic disease pandemics. Although anthropogenic land use change is known to be the major driver of zoonotic pathogen spillover from wildlife to human populations, the scientific underpinnings of land use-induced zoonotic spillover have rarely been investigated from the macro-ecology perspective. We call on colleagues to advance our knowledge of land use implications for zoonotic disease emergence. A wide range of disciplinary cosmologies, approaches, and tools are needed to identify the environmental triggers of spillover and inform the decisions needed to protect public health by reducing spillover risk as a biosecurity priority. We call for a mechanistic focus on the zoonotic pathogen “infect-shed-spill-spread” cascade and review the relevant literature, elucidating the current biases and information gaps. We also consider the opportunities for better instituting the necessary scientific collaboration, primary technical challenges, and policy and management issues that warrant particular attention.

scholarly journals Wildlife Trade and Human Health in Lao PDR: An Assessment of the Zoonotic Disease Risk in Markets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0150666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe F. Greatorex ◽  
Sarah H. Olson ◽  
Sinpakone Singhalath ◽  
Soubanh Silithammavong ◽  
Kongsy Khammavong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Wildlife Trade

Effects of environmental change on zoonotic disease risk: an ecological primer

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Estrada-Peña ◽  
Richard S. Ostfeld ◽  
A. Townsend Peterson ◽  
Robert Poulin ◽  
José de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Disease

scholarly journals An Integrated Economic, Environmental and Social Approach to Agricultural Land-Use Planning

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Sahar Shahpari ◽  
Janelle Allison ◽  
Matthew Tom Harrison ◽  
Roger Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Climate Type ◽  
Crop Selection ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Farmer Decision Making

Agricultural land-use change is a dynamic process that varies as a function of social, economic and environmental factors spanning from the local to the global scale. The cumulative regional impacts of these factors on land use adoption decisions by farmers are neither well accounted for nor reflected in agricultural land use planning. We present an innovative spatially explicit agent-based modelling approach (Crop GIS-ABM) that accounts for factors involved in farmer decision making on new irrigation adoption to enable land-use predictions and exploration. The model was designed using a participatory approach, capturing stakeholder insights in a conceptual model of farmer decisions. We demonstrate a case study of the factors influencing the uptake of new irrigation infrastructure and land use in Tasmania, Australia. The model demonstrates how irrigated land-use expansion promotes the diffusion of alternative crops in the region, as well as how coupled social, biophysical and environmental conditions play an important role in crop selection. Our study shows that agricultural land use reflected the evolution of multiple simultaneous interacting biophysical and socio-economic drivers, including soil and climate type, crop and commodity prices, and the accumulated effects of interactive decisions of farmers.

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