scholarly journals Varicocele-Associated Infertility and the Role of Oxidative Stress on Sperm DNA Fragmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Jacom Abdulmassih Wood ◽  
João Paulo Greco Cardoso ◽  
Davi Vischi Paluello ◽  
Thiago Fagundes Nunes ◽  
Marcello Cocuzza
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Significant Attention

Varicocele has been extensively described and studied as the most important reversible cause of male infertility. Its impact on semen parameters, pregnancy rates, and assisted reproductive outcomes have been associated with multifactorial aspects, most of them converging to increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). More recently, sperm DNA fragmentation has gained significant attention and potential clinical use, although the body of evidence still needs further evolution. The associations between sperm DNA damage and a variety of disorders, including varicocele itself, share common pathways to ROS increase. This mini-review discusses different aspects related to the etiology of ROS and its relation to varicocele and potential mechanisms of DNA damage.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Effects of Oxidative Sperm DNA Damage

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 589
Author(s):  
Taylor Pini ◽  
Rachel Makloski ◽  
Karen Maruniak ◽  
William B. Schoolcraft ◽  
Mandy G. Katz-Jaffe
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment

Sperm DNA damage is correlated with reduced embryo development and increased miscarriage risk, reducing successful conception. Given its links with oxidative stress, antioxidants have been investigated as a potential treatment, yet results are conflicting. Importantly, individual antioxidants are not identical in composition, and some compounds may be more effective than others. We investigated the use of the polyphenol-rich, high-antioxidant-capacity fruit acai as a treatment for elevated sperm DNA fragmentation (>16%), measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Following ≥ 74 days of treatment, we observed a significant decrease in sperm DNA fragmentation (−17.0% ± 2.5%) to 11.9 ± 1.7% (0–37%), with a 68.6% success rate (defined as post-treatment TUNEL < 16%). Post-treatment decreases in DNA fragmentation and success rates were not significantly impacted by low motility and/or concentration, or exceptionally high (> 25%) TUNEL. Treatment significantly reduced concentration in men with normal semen parameters, but 88% remained normal. Overall, successful treatment was not associated with age, semen parameters or TUNEL result at baseline. However, body mass index was significantly higher in nonresponders at baseline. This study provides evidence of a low-cost, effective treatment for elevated sperm DNA damage using acai.

Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation via Halosperm Technique and TUNEL Assay Before and After Cryopreservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1575-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senay Cankut ◽  
Turgay Dinc ◽  
Mehmet Cincik ◽  
Guler Ozturk ◽  
Belgin Selam
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Tunel Assay ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Before And After

Aim: Human sperm DNA fragmentation is one of the factors suggested for male infertility. The ratio of sperm DNA damage in semen may adversely affect both the fertilization rate and the embryo development of in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Sperm cryopreservation both increases the success rates in assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) and contributes to the preservation of fertility before testis surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The aim of the current study is to determine sperm DNA fragmentation, following cryopreservation. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a university hospital infertility clinic. One hundred (n = 100) volunteer fertile men (ages between 21 and 39 years) with normozoospermic sperm parameters were involved in the current study. Sperm DNA damage was evaluated with the Halosperm technique and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Fresh samples were studied in liquid form. The remaining samples were kept frozen and then thawed after 1 month and reevaluated with the Halosperm technique and TUNEL assay. Results were then compared between the fresh and frozen samples. Results: Sperm DNA fragmentation results with the Halosperm technique both before and after cryopreservation were 25% (5%-65%) and 40% (6%-89%), respectively, with a statistically significant increase (15%; P < .001). Sperm DNA fragmentation results by TUNEL assay before and after cryopreservation were 17% (3%-43%) and 36% (7%-94%), respectively, with a statistically significant increase (19%; P <.001). Conclusion: The current data demonstrate increased sperm DNA damage after cryopreservation. Further studies may contribute to development of less harmful techniques and cryoprotectants in order to improve the results of ART.

scholarly journals Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Origin and Impact on Human Reproduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf R. Henkel ◽  
Daniel R. Franken
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Male Genome ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Early Abortion

Sperm DNA can be damaged due to a multitude of different noxae, which include disease, and occupational and environmental factors. Depending on the magnitude of the damage, such lesions may be repaired by the oocyte or the embryo. If this is not possible, a permanent damage can be manifested leading to mutations of the male genome. In cases where the oocyte or the embryo does not counter these damages to the male genome in terms of repair or an early abortion, sperm DNA damage and fragmentation can be a cause of numerous diseases including childhood cancer.

scholarly journals Effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on ICSI outcome: A prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Lakshamanan Saravanan ◽  
Mahalakshmi Saravanan ◽  
Ramya Harish ◽  
Nidhi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Thesis Work ◽  
Embryo Grade

Aim and objectives: The primary aim was to measure the sperm DNA damage and to study the magnitude of sperm DNA damage. Secondary objective was to study the effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on Day 5 Blastocyst expansion (graded 1-5). Results: There is an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation with an increase in age. Increased sperm DNA fragmentation is also associated with abnormal motility and morphology in semen samples. However, there is no reduction in expansion or grade of blastocyst. Conclusion: Sperm DNA fragmentation testing is a useful investigation in unexplained infertility. However, Sperm DNA fragmentation has no significant association with Day 5 embryo grade in ICSI cycles. Thesis work of Fellowship in Reproductive Medicine student: Dr. Ramya Harish

scholarly journals The aging male: Relationship between male age, sperm quality and sperm DNA damage in an unselected population of 3124 men attending the fertility centre for the first time

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Colasante ◽  
Maria Giulia Minasi ◽  
Filomena Scarselli ◽  
Valentina Casciani ◽  
Vincenzo Zazzaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Male Age ◽  
Sperm Dna

Objective: the aim of our study was to put forward insights to treat any possible correlation among sperm quality, sperm DNA damage and male age as they may have fertility implications for men who choose to delay fatherhood. Materials and methods: Our study is a non-interventional retrospective analysis of 3124 semen samples from patients that were investigated for the conventional semen parameters. Tunel test assay was set up for the evaluation of the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). We applied the Kappa index to compare both the 1999 and the 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) reference criteria to evaluate the competence of such semen parameters categorization during the standard routine of our laboratory. Results: With regards to our findings, it is possible to underline a significant relationship between aging and semen volume (p = 0.001), motility (p = 0.009), semen viscosity (p < 0.003) and sperm DNA damage (p < 0.009). We found a trend when focusing on the semen concentration (p = 0.05). The analysis of sperm morphology did not show any influence with advancing age (p = 0.606). When comparing both the 1999 and the 2010 WHO scales we found no accordance in the appraisal of sperm morphology but a very good one in the evaluation of the other parameters. Conclusions: Conventional semen analysis represents the opportunity to draw up a proxy insight on the male fertility status even if semen quality can only indirectly assess the probability of pregnancy. Several studies have verified a decay in the male reproductive system, sperm quality and fertility with advancing age although the reported results are not yet conclusive. Our results substantially agree with those findings outlined in the literature. Moreover we find that the discrepancy between the two WHO reference scales would eventually lead to an improper diagnosis of infertility.

scholarly journals Acridine Orange and Flow Cytometry: Which Is Better to Measure the Effect of Varicocele on Sperm DNA Integrity?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam-Elden M. Mohammed ◽  
Eman Mosad ◽  
Asmaa M. Zahran ◽  
Diaa A. Hameed ◽  
Emad A. Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna

We evaluated the effect of varicocelectomy on semen parameters and levels of sperm DNA damage in infertile men. A total of 75 infertile men with varicocele and 40 fertile men (controls) were included in this study. Semen analysis and sperm DNA damage expressed as the DNA fragmentation index using acridine orange staining and chromatin condensation test by flow cytometry were assessed before and 6 months after varicocelectomy. The patients were also followed up for 1 year for pregnancy outcome. Semen parameters were significantly lower in varicocele patients compared to controls (P<0.05). Mean percentages of sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm DNA chromatin condensation in patients were significantly higher than those in controls (P<0.05). After varicocelectomy, sperm DNA fragmentation improved significantly, whereas sperm chromatin condensation was not significantly changed. In 15 out of 75 varicocele patients, clinical pregnancy was diagnosed; those with positive pregnancy outcome had significant improvement in sperm count, progressive sperm motility, and sperm DNA fragmentation, but there was no significant difference in sperm DNA condensation compared to negative pregnancy outcome patients. We concluded from this study that acridine orange stain is more reliable method than flow cytometry in the evaluation of sperm DNA integrity after varicocelectomy.

scholarly journals Correlation of sperm DNA damage with blastocyst formation: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth K. Adiga ◽  
Srisailesh Vitthala ◽  
Shivaranjeni
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Blastocyst Formation ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna

Abstract Background The routine semen analysis fails to detect sperm DNA damage which contributes to the majority of male factor infertility. Sperm DNA fragmentation test (DFI) measures the sperm DNA damage. Blastocyst formation is an important step in IVF ± ICSI. At present, the literature lacks any data that correlates DFI and blastocyst formation. Main body of the abstract We searched MEDLINE and other databases till 2020 for the studies that reported on sperm DNA damage and blastocyst formation in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The outcomes analyzed were (1) a comparison of blastulation rates in high DFI and low DFI groups. (2) Comparison of blastulation rates in high DFI and low DFI groups based on (a) different sperm DNA fragmentation assays (COMET, SCD, SCSA, TUNEL), (b) different types of ART (IVF/IVF + ICSI/ICSI). 10 studies were included in this review. A non-significant increase in the blastocyst formation was observed in high DFI group (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.4 to 1.21; P = 0.20) and with SCD and TUNEL assays. Short conclusion Our study emphasizes on sperm DNA fragmentation (sperm DNA damage) as an important marker of blastocyst formation. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that the high sperm DNA fragmentation may not adversely affect the blastocyst formation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant treatment of increased sperm DNA fragmentation: Complex combinations are not more successful

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevahir Ozer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Oral antioxidant supplementation is part of the treatment of infertility associated with oxidative stress-related sperm damage. It is possible to assume that the combined use of antioxidants will be better than single agent use. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different antioxidant combinations in infertile men with increased sperm DNA fragmentation. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 637 patients who underwent antioxidant support therapy for increased sperm DNA damage between 2014 and 2019. Patients with DNA damage of 30% or more were included study. Result: A total of 163 patients with follow-up data and who fulfilled the study criteria were included in the study. There were four different treatment groups. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups. After 3 months of antioxidant treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in sperm DNA damage in all treatment groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups. Conclusions: The complexity of the antioxidant combination may not contribute to the success of the treatment or may cause possible side effects, increase the cost of treatment and decrease patient compliance.

scholarly journals Are semen quality parameters sufficient for biomonitoring spermatozoa DNA integrity and oxidatively damaged DNA

Biomonitoring ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hueiwang Anna Jeng ◽  
Ruei-Nian Li ◽  
Wen-Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna

Abstract:The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between semen quality parameters and DNA integrity, and determine whether semen quality parameters could serve as a reliable biomarker for monitoring sperm DNA damage. Conventional semen parameters from a total of 202 male human subjects were analyzed. DNA fragmentation and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′- deoxyguanosine (8-oxoGuo) were used to assess sperm DNA integrity. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), while 8-oxodGuo was quantified by the liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with an on-line solid phase system. The levels of 8-oxodGuo levels in sperm were related to the percentages of DNA fragmentation measured by both the TUNEL and SCSA (r = 0.22, p = 0.048; r = 0.12, p = 0.039). Sperm vitality, motility and morphology from all of the participants exhibited a weak correlation with the levels of 8-oxodGuo and the percentages of DNA fragmentation. Semen quality parameters may be independent of the formation of DNA fragmentation and oxidative adducts in sperm. Semen quality parameters may be insufficient to monitor sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative damage. DNA damage in sperm is recommended to be included in routine measurements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document