scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Drinking and Driving Campaign on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Among Drivers in Addis Ababa

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalin Singh Negi ◽  
Karen Schmidt ◽  
Irina Morozova ◽  
Tigist Addis ◽  
Solomon Kidane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Drinking And Driving ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior

Background: In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, road traffic crashes represent a major public health challenge. Driving under the influence of alcohol (drink driving) is a risk factor for road traffic crashes. Mass media campaigns can reduce the prevalence of drink driving. Few studies to date have evaluated the influence of anti-drink-driving campaigns on changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in low-income countries such as Ethiopia.Objective: This study aims to examine the impact of an anti-drink-driving campaign on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors around drinking and driving in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: The “Never Drink and Drive” campaign ran on media outlets in Addis Ababa and consisted of evidence-informed messages on the consequences of drink driving. Data for this study comes from two representative household surveys conducted among a sample of adult drivers aged 18–55 years in Addis Ababa pre-campaign (n = 721) and post-campaign (n = 721). Multivariate logistic regression is used to estimate the effects of the campaign on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to drink driving.Results: After the campaign, participants were significantly more likely to have improved knowledge and attitudes about drink driving: post-campaign participants were significantly more likely to report feeling unsafe about drink driving (OR = 1.51, p < 0.05). Social norms showed a positive shift: post-campaign participants were over six and a half times more likely to report that someone talked to them about drink driving (OR = 6.52, p < 0.05). After the campaign, participants demonstrated improved knowledge and attitudes around drink driving laws and enforcement, including that they were significantly more likely to agree that they would be caught by police for drink driving (OR = 12.66, p < 0.1). Behavior also improved—post-campaign participants reported significantly lower rates of driving soon after drinking alcohol, compared with pre-campaign participants (31 vs. 42%).Conclusion: The anti-drink-driving campaign achieved gains in knowledge, improved attitudes, and reduced drinking and driving, which could help to curb road traffic crashes in Addis Ababa. This study offers some of the first evidence that an anti-drink-driving campaign, combined with enhanced enforcement of road safety laws, can be effective in changing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors around drink driving in low-income countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes Using Artificial Learning Methods: City of Sakarya Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
Zeliha Cagla Kuyumcu ◽  
Suhrab Ahadi ◽  
Hakan Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Artificial Learning

The lives of approximately 1.3 million people are cut short every year as a result of road traffic crashes. Between 20 and 50 million people suffer non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability as a result of their injury. The risk of dying in a road traffic crash is more than 3 times higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries [1]. In Turkey, 18% of traffic accidents was related to pedestrian-vehicle collisions in urban roads in 2020. In addition, 20% of death toll caused by accidents is pedestrians in 2020 [2]. This study deals with the some of classifiers to forecast the number of injuries as a result of traffic accidents. The classifier’s performance ratios were also examined.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of transverse speed reducers and exploring factors contributing to road traffic crashes on a rural two-lane highway: A mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigus Asefa ◽  
Hannah S Yang ◽  
Znabu H Kahsay ◽  
Abrahim Hassen ◽  
Tesfay G Gebrehiwot
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
P Value ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia, there are an estimated 25.3 road traffic related deaths per 100,000 population, which is much higher than the global average road traffic fatality rate. Speed is the most well-known risk factor influencing both the risk as well as the severity of the resulting injuries. Although there is paucity of data from low-income countries, speed reducers have been widely approved as an effective traffic calming countermeasure in high-income countries. We aimed to (i) explore the effectiveness of transverse vertical speed reducers and, (ii) qualitatively explore stakeholders’ perceptions of the factors that affect the risk of road traffic crashes.Methods: Data on all crashes occurring from September 2010 to August 2015 were obtained. Interrupted time series analysis using Poisson regression was used to estimate the effect of speed reducers on the number of crashes per month before and after their installation in January 2012. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with traffic police, drivers, drivers’ training center owners, and community members to describe their perceptions about the effects of the speed reducers. Quantitative and qualitative results were triangulated.Results: There were 130 crashes during the study period. Of these, 45.4% were property damage only, and 16.9% were fatal. After the speed reducers were installed, there was no statistically significant difference (incidence rate ratio, IRR =1.17, 95% CI[0.60-2.30], p-value =0.644) in the number of crashes per month, but there were changes in the distribution of crash severity (p-value <0.001). Four core themes, with subsequent sub-themes, emerged as perceived contributors to road traffic crashes. Of these core-themes, speedy and reckless driving, were perceived as the strongest force perpetuating road collisions. Qualitative respondents disagreed on whether the speed reducers were effective and expressed concerns such as the lack of signage to warn drivers.Conclusions: Although speed reducers are proven to reduce collisions in high-income settings, this study in Ethiopia was inconclusive. Inappropriate design for the roadway type, sporadic placement, lack of signage and maintenance, and poor stakeholder coordination may have hampered effectiveness. An evidence-based planning process prior to implementing road design interventions is recommended to achieve the desired results.

scholarly journals Injury severity of pedestrians involved in road traffic crashes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Segni Tulu ◽  
Simon Washington ◽  
Md. Mazharul Haque ◽  
Mark J. King
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes

scholarly journals Overweight/Obesity and Associated Factors Among Second Cycle Primary School Children in Kirkos Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 216495612110178
Author(s):  
Kidus Fitsum ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Melake Demena ◽  
Berhe Gebremichael
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Private School ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Public Health Issue

Background Although overweight/obesity is becoming a public health issue in low income countries, there is a paucity of evidence concerning overweight/obesity in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the magnitude of overweight/obesity and associated factors among second cycle primary school children in Kirkos Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A school based cross-sectional study was conducted among 482 children from May to June, 2019. Data were collected using a questionnaire and checklist. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and exported into SPSS version 22.0. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with overweight/obesity. Level of statistical significance was declared at p ≤ 0.05. Results The overall magnitude of overweight/obesity was 21.2%. The magnitude of overweight was 13.7% while obesity was 7.5%. Vehicle availability, being from private school, not having friend(s), preferring sweet foods, eating breakfast irregularly, watching movies/Television while eating and physical inactivity were the factors significantly associated with overweight/obesity among second cycle primary school children. Conclusions The magnitude of overweight/obesity was high in the study area. Therefore, health and education sectors should promote healthy lifestyle to curb child overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Collaborative research and knowledge translation on road crashes in Burkina Faso: the police perspective 18 months on

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Dagenais ◽  
Michelle Proulx ◽  
Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux ◽  
Aude Nikiema ◽  
Emmanuel Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Crashes

AbstractIn this commentary, we present a follow-up of two articles published in 2017 and 2018 about road traffic crashes, which is an important public health issue in Africa and Burkina Faso. The first article reported on a research project, conducted in partnership with local actors involved in road safety, carried out in Ouagadougou in 2015. Its aim was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and capacity of a surveillance system to assess the number of road traffic crashes and their consequences on the health of crash victims. Several knowledge translation activities were carried out to maximize its impact and were reported in the 2018 article published in HRPS: monthly reports presenting the research data, large-format printed maps distributed to the city’s police stations, and a deliberative workshop held at the end of the research project. The present commentary presents our efforts to deepen our understanding of the impacts of the knowledge translation strategy, based on follow-up interviews, 18 months after the workshop, with the heads of the road traffic crash units in Ouagadougou police stations (n = 5). Several benefits were reported by respondents. Their involvement in the process prompted them to broaden their knowledge of other ways of dealing with the issue of road crashes. This led them, sometimes with their colleagues, to intervene differently: more rapid response at collision sites, increased surveillance of dangerous intersections, user awareness-raising on the importance of the highway code, etc. However, sustaining these actions over the longer term has proven difficult. Several lessons were derived from this experience, regarding the importance of producing useful and locally applicable research data, of ensuring the acceptability of the technologies used for data collection, of using collaborative approaches in research and knowledge translation, of ensuring the visibility of actions undertaken by actors in the field, and of involving decision-makers in the research process to maximize its impacts.

Dominant role of drivers’ attitude in prevention of road traffic crashes: A study on knowledge, attitude, and practice of drivers in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Mirzaei ◽  
Nima Hafezi-Nejad ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Sabagh ◽  
Alireza Ansari Moghaddam ◽  
Vahid Eslami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

OPTIMISING ROAD LIGHTING TO REDUCE ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Robbins ◽  
S. Fotios ◽  
J. Uttley ◽  
R. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Lighting ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Ambient Light Level ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users

Pedestrians and motorcyclists are vulnerable road users, being over represented in road traffic collisions (RTCs). One assumed benefit of road lighting is a reduction in RTCs after dark by countering the impairment to the visual detection of hazards that occur after dark. One way to optimise the use of road lighting is to light only those sections of road where light level, and hence visibility, is an important factor. The current study used change in ambient light level on RTCs to investigate those situations where improved vision is likely to have significant impact, and therefore the situations where road lighting is of better cost-benefit effectiveness. For both motorcyclist and pedestrian RTCs there was a significant increase in overall RTC risk in darkness compared to daylight, indicating that there may be an overall benefit of road lighting. While darkness was a particular detriment at junctions for motorcyclists and on high-speed roads for pedestrians, road lighting may not be effective mitigation in either case and therefore alternative ways of increasing conspicuity should be considered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document