scholarly journals Non-fiber Carbohydrates in Forages and Their Influence on Beef Production Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Villalba ◽  
Serkan Ates ◽  
Jennifer W. MacAdam
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Defoliation Frequency

Forages can provide a complete diet for ruminant animals, increasing the sustainability of beef production systems worldwide while reducing competition with humans for agricultural land or grain crops. Much of the emphasis on the nutritional characteristics of forages has been on the fiber, sugars, starch, and protein they supply to the rumen, despite the fact that other less-explored constituents, i.e., neutral detergent soluble fiber (NDSF) and other non-structural or non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) also play a key role in the nutrition of ruminants. This paper explores the less investigated potential of temperate legumes to accumulate levels of NFC comparable to corn silage or beet pulp in cool, dry environments under irrigation, and its implications for forage-based beef production systems. We conclude that genetic or managerial interventions (i.e., breeding programs, defoliation frequency) or ecological conditions (i.e., climate, elevation) that increase concentrations of NFC in legumes can enhance beef production, meat quality, and the efficiency of nitrogen utilization by ruminants while reducing environmental impacts.

Effects of extending the grazing season in beef production systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 116-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. O’Neill ◽  
M.J. Drennan ◽  
P.J. Caffrey
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Eu Support

The cost of grazed grass is less than half that of grass silage (O’Kiely, 1994) and incomes from beef production are low and largely dependent on EU support schemes. Thus the income from beef production could be incresed by reducing feed costs through increasing the proportion of grazed grass in the diet and optimising the use of the various support schemes. The objective of this two-year study was to examine the effects on the performance of yearling cattle of turnout to pasture three weeks earlier than normal. This was examined within two suckler beef production systems. One was a standard system similar to that outlined by Drennan (1993) and the second was compatible with the Rural Environment Protection Scheme (REPS).

Life cycle environmental consequences of grass-fed and dairy beef production systems in the Northeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 1619-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E. Tichenor ◽  
Christian J. Peters ◽  
Gregory A. Norris ◽  
Greg Thoma ◽  
Timothy S. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Environmental Consequences

scholarly journals Plant breeding in the semiarid region of Brazil: examples of success

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (spe) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz ◽  
Levi de Moura Barros ◽  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Jonas de Araújo Candeia ◽  
Edinardo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The Northeastern region of Brazil comprises the Caatinga biome (900,000 km²) part of which is a semiarid region with rainfed and irrigated production systems. Among the successful breeding programs are cashew and cotton. The first led to a substantial increase in nut production in Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Piauí and the second bred a naturally colored cotton fiber, now processed in small clothing industries in Paraiba, exporting to 11 countries. In the lower-middle São Francisco valley, the previously grown onion was replaced by improved varieties, on 90% of the production area, and by industrial tomato, introduced by research in 1972, which came to be used on more than 80% of the area at the time. The participation of the private sector and continuity of breeding programs were crucial for the success. More examples of success are expected with the establishment of postgraduate courses in Agricultural Sciences in the Semiarid region.

Bioeconomic evaluation of embryo transfer in beef production systems: III. Embryo lines for producing bulls

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ruvuna ◽  
J. F. Taylor ◽  
J. P. Walter ◽  
J. W. Turner ◽  
R. M. Thallman
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Beef Production

The influence of straw quality and level of concentrate in a completely mixed diet on intake and growth rate in steers

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
G. W. Reid ◽  
E. R. Orskov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Straw Quality ◽  
Ad Libitum

Results from a previous experiment with growing steers showed that straw from varieties of winter and spring barley or winter wheat supported different intakes and rates of gain. It was possible to identify those cereal straws most suitable for inclusion in low cost diets for beef cattle. The object of this work was to assess whether complete diets containing a minimum of 35% “good” straw could sustain a high rate of gain in finishing cattle. The trial used 45 Hereford cross steers that weighed 360 kg at the start. There were three types of straw examined; straw from the spring barley variety Corgi, untreated (UC) and ammonia treated (AC) together with ammonia treated winter wheat (AW) cv. Longbow;. Each straw type was included in a complete diet containing either 0.35 (L), 0.45 (M) or 0.55 (H) straw. Ammonia treatment was carried out in an oven with 0.03 anhydrous ammonia for 24 hours. The straw was processed through a tub grinder and the chopped material was transferred to a mixer wagon for diet preparation. All the diets contained fishmeal and urea and equal proportions of rolled barley and molassed sugar beet pulp substituted for the straw. The complete diets were offered ad libitum and the steers were weighed fortnightly until they were estimated to provide carcasses in MLC fat class 4L. Digestibility data for each diet was derived in a subsidary trial using cattle fed ad libitum. The digestibility coefficients for D11 were 0.67 UC; 0.68 AW; 0.69 AC and 0.66 H; 0.68 M; 0.70 L (S.E.D. ± 0.66).

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHOLE GRAINS IN COMMON BEANS LANDRACES AND BREEDING GENOTYPES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Antonio Peripolli Bevilaqua ◽  
Iraja Ferreira Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Common ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

The common bean has been object of breeding programs aiming the development of new cultivars adapted to varied production system and shown differentiated nutritional characteristics. Due a genetic diversity existent the landraces can be used directly for cropping, for present characteristics desirable. Little information exists about mineral content and other quality traits for those bean landraces. The aim of this paper was to verify the variability for grain nutricional caracters in breeding cultivars and landraces of bean from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2009/2010 in Experimental Station Cascata, of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. In whole grain of 54 bean genotypes with black and no black coat were determined macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), oligoelements (iron, manganese, zinc and cuprum), protein and ash content, insoluble fiber, digestive nutrient and antioxidant astragalina. The results shown that the landraces varieties presents nutritional composition of macro and oligoelements, fibers, protein and ash contents in whole grain similar than that of breeding lines and cultivars. The black coat grain from breeding programs showed better nutritional quality for macro and oligoelements content than coloured grain, highlighting TB 02-04 e TB 01-01. The landraces with coloured grains TB 02-26, TB 02-24 and TB 03-13 showed the high levels of astragaline.

scholarly journals 68 Assessing the Performance of Multiple Grass-fed Beef Production Systems in California

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
Sarah C Klopatek ◽  
Toni Duarte ◽  
Crystal Yang ◽  
James W Oltjen
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Whole Systems

Abstract With demand for grass-fed beef continuing to increase, there is an immediate need to determine animal performance and product quality from varying grass-fed systems. Therefore, using a whole systems approach, we investigated the performance and carcass quality of multiple grass-fed beef systems in California. The treatments included: 1) steers stocked on pasture, then feedyard finished for 140 days (CON); 2) steers grass-fed for 20 months (20GF); 3) steers grass-fed for 20 months with a 45-day grain finish (GR45); and 4) steers grass-fed for 25 months (25GF). The data were analyzed using a mixed model procedure in R. Final body weight (FBW) varied significantly between treatments (P < 0.05) with the CON cattle finishing at 626 kg and GF20 finishing with the lowest FBW of 478 kg. There were no significant differences in FBW between GF45 and GF25 treatments (P > 0.05), with FBW equaling 551 kg and 570 kg, respectively. Dressing percentage (DP) differed significantly between all treatments (P < 0.05), with CON DP at 61.8%, followed by GR45 at 57.5%, GF25 at 53.4%, and GF20 at 50.3%. Marbling scores and quality grades were significantly higher for CON compared to all other treatments (P < 0.05), with a marbling score of 421; 14% of CON animals graded select and 85% graded choice or upper choice. Cattle in the GR20 had the lowest marbling score of 285 (P < 0.05); 59% of the GR20 cattle graded select and 41% graded standard. There was no difference in marbling when comparing the GF25 and GR45 (P > 0.5). In addition, carcasses graded similarly between the two treatments with GF25 grading 13% standard 82% select, and 6% choice, GR45 graded 85% select and 15% choice. The findings from this study indicate that varying CA grass-fed beef production systems results in significant differences in both animal performance and meat quality.

scholarly journals Futuristic Applications for Profitable Beef Production Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Göncü ◽  
Özgül Anitaş ◽  
Gökhan Gökçe
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Beef Production
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