scholarly journals Plant breeding in the semiarid region of Brazil: examples of success

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (spe) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz ◽  
Levi de Moura Barros ◽  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Jonas de Araújo Candeia ◽  
Edinardo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The Northeastern region of Brazil comprises the Caatinga biome (900,000 km²) part of which is a semiarid region with rainfed and irrigated production systems. Among the successful breeding programs are cashew and cotton. The first led to a substantial increase in nut production in Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Piauí and the second bred a naturally colored cotton fiber, now processed in small clothing industries in Paraiba, exporting to 11 countries. In the lower-middle São Francisco valley, the previously grown onion was replaced by improved varieties, on 90% of the production area, and by industrial tomato, introduced by research in 1972, which came to be used on more than 80% of the area at the time. The participation of the private sector and continuity of breeding programs were crucial for the success. More examples of success are expected with the establishment of postgraduate courses in Agricultural Sciences in the Semiarid region.

scholarly journals ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR SELECTION OF COLORED COTTON FIBER1

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
ROMMEL RAPHAEL SANTOS DE ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
JOSÉ JAIME VASCONCELOS CAVALCANTI ◽  
FRANCISCO JOSÉ CORREIA FARIAS ◽  
DAMIÃO RANIERE QUEIROZ ◽  
LUIZ PAULO DE CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Naturally-colored cotton fiber has received attention from breeding programs in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil due to an increased interest in its fibers. Therefore, this study aimed to select genotypes of colored cotton fiber for agronomic and technological fiber characteristics for the Brazilian semi-arid conditions. The experiment was carried out in two environments (Patos-PB and Apodi-RN) in Brazil during the 2016 growing season. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications. Treatments consisted of eleven colored fiber genotypes and three controls (BRS Topázio, BRS Rubi, and BRS Verde). The following traits were assessed: seed cotton yield (SCY, kg ha-1), lint percentage (LP, %), lint length (LEN, mm), lint strength (STR, gf tex-1), and lint micronaire (MIC, µg in-1). The data were submitted to individual and joint variance analyses, and means were grouped by the Scott and Knott (1974) test at 0.05 probability. Genotypes showed variability in all traits, which allows genetic gains in subsequent cycles of selection. The genotypes BRS Topázio, CNPA 2002 10245, and CNPA 2002 10327 presented the best estimates for the assessed traits, thus they can be selected for future studies in cotton breeding programs in the semiarid region.

Naturally Colored Organic Cotton and Naturally Colored Cotton Fiber Production

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-99
Author(s):  
Gizem Karakan Günaydin ◽  
Ozan Avinc ◽  
Sema Palamutcu ◽  
Arzu Yavas ◽  
Ali Serkan Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Organic Cotton ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

Effect of Concentrated Alkali Treatment on the Properties of Naturally Colored Brown Cotton

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Yu Sen Liu ◽  
Wei Guo Sun ◽  
Xiao Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The naturally colored cotton fiber was treated by sodium hydroxide solution with different concentrations and temperatures.The surface morphology,crystalline structure, mechanical properties and color feature value of fiber after treatment were tested by SEM,XRD,electronic single fiber strength tester and Computer Color Matching meter.The results show that the longitudinal convolutions of the naturally colored cotton fiber treated by concentrated sodium hydroxide decreased or disappeared,and the fiber became nearly cylindrical or cylindrical.The crystallinity of fiber after treatment decreased,part of the celluloseⅠ changed into celluloseⅡ．The breaking strength and breaking elongation of fiber after treatment increased.The total color differences（ΔE） and value a*of fiber after treatment increased，to the contrary，value L* and value b* decreased，which leaded to that the color of fiber treated by alkali became darker．In addition,the treatment temperature had larger influence on the properties of fiber.

scholarly journals Thrips collected in watermelon crops in the semiarid of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewerton Marinho Costa ◽  
Maria Goretti Araújo de Lima ◽  
Rui Sales Junior ◽  
Adriano Cavalleri ◽  
Elton Lucio Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
First Report ◽  
Frankliniella Schultzei ◽  
Production Area

The aim of this research was to report the occurrence of two species of thrips in watermelon crops in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. From August to September 2011, we performed weekly sampling of thrips in a commercial watermelon production area with 10,000m2, using 20 Moericke traps. We captured a total of 431 thrips, belonging to Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) (Thripidae) and Haplothrips gowdeyi (Franklin) (Phlaeothripidae). This is the first report of H. gowdeyi in watermelon crops in Brazil

Qualitative analysis of cotton fiber pigment composition

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752093223
Author(s):  
Mengying Chen ◽  
Ting Ting Zhang ◽  
Li He ◽  
Kezuo Wang ◽  
Yiren Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pigment Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
White Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Main Component

Naturally colored cotton is a green textile material. To cultivate new colored cotton and improve its performance, we must first understand the types, composition, and formation mechanism of the pigments in colored cotton. This study aims to explore the composition and structure of cotton fiber pigments. Qualitative analyses of pigment extracts from brown cotton, green cotton, and white cotton fibers were carried out using ultraviolet spectroscopy, diagnostic agents, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The main component of cotton fiber pigments was flavonoids, and specific types of flavonoids were found in the pigments in brown cotton, green cotton, and white cotton fibers. Research on the composition of cotton fiber pigments can increase our understanding of colored cotton fibers and lay a foundation for the cultivation, planting, and development of colored cotton fibers, as well the identification of naturally colored cotton from dyed cotton.

scholarly journals Viability of polycultures of arugula-carrot-coriander fertilized with hairy woodrose under different population densities

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 611-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio J. de Oliveira ◽  
Francisco Bezerra Neto ◽  
Jailma S. S. de Lima ◽  
Eliane Q. de Oliveira ◽  
Joserlan N. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Matter Basis

ABSTRACT Polycultures from broadleaves with tuberoses are being used in vegetable crop production systems in the semiarid region of Potiguar. The challenge is to determine whether these systems are productively viable when fertilized with organic matter produced by spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agro-economic performance of arugula (A), carrot (C), and coriander (Co) polycultures fertilized with hairy woodrose biomass incorporated into the soil under different population densities among the component crops. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, from the combination of four amounts of hairy woodrose biomass incorporated into the soil (7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 t ha-1 on a dry matter basis), with four population densities (20A-50C-20Co%, 30A-50C-30Co%, 40A-50C-40Co%, and 50A-50C-50Co% of the recommended population in the single crop). The efficiency of polycultures was evaluated through indexes and agro-economic indicators. The most productive agro-economic performance was obtained with a biomass of 18.21 t ha-1 of hairy woodrose incorporated in the soil and a population density of 50A-50C-50Co%.

scholarly journals List of angiosperm species of the riparian vegetation of the Apodi-Mossoró River, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Célia de Oliveira ◽  
Anádria Stéphanie da Silva ◽  
André Rodolfo de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
José Erivaldo de Araújo ◽  
Odaci Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
First Time

This article describes the riparian vegetation of a river in the Rio Grande do Norte state for the first time. This is a seasonal river in the semiarid region of the Caatinga biome. The study is based on data from herbarium collections and new expeditions from July 2007 to October 2008. Two hundred and forty seven taxa were recorded and of these, 116 are herbs and three of which are epiphytes, 25 sub-shrubs, 77 shrubs or trees, 26 lianas, one parasite, and two palms. This list of species of riparian vegetation in the river Apodi-Mossoró was compared with only two available lists from rivers in the northeast with similar environmental characteristics and showed a low similarity. This study points to the need for preservation of the species and remnants of riparian vegetation of the river Apodi-Mossoró and to increase efforts in the study of this vegetation type.

scholarly journals Productive performance of cowpea-radish intercropping under different amounts of rooster tree biomass incorporated into the soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria F. S. Pereira ◽  
Francisco Bezerra Neto ◽  
Frederico S. T. Pontes ◽  
Paulo C. F. Linhares ◽  
Maiele L. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Rural Zone

ABSTRACT Intercropping systems of cowpea with radish are beginning to be deployed in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state. The great challenge is to know whether or not there is productive efficiency in these systems when fertilized with organic matter produced by spontaneous species from the ‘Caatinga’ biome. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of cowpea-radish intercropping systems under different amounts of rooster tree biomass incorporated into the soil. The study was conducted at the experimental farm Rafael Fernandes, rural zone of Mossoró, RN, in the period from June to September 2013, in an experimental design of randomized blocks with four treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of the following amounts of rooster tree biomass incorporated into the soil (10, 25, 40 and 55 t ha-1 on a dry weight basis). The best productive performance of the cowpea-radish intercrop was obtained when the rooster tree biomass amount of 50.01 t ha-1 was incorporated to the soil. The use of rooster tree biomass as green manure is agronomically viable in intercropped systems of cowpea-radish.

scholarly journals Levantamento entomofaunístico de artrópodes em algodoeiro de fibra naturalmente colorida em Ipanguaçu-RN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Bárbara Karine de Albuquerque Silva ◽  
Antônio Genildo Cordeiro ◽  
Pedro Ramon Holanda de Oliveira ◽  
Maurício Sekiguchi de Godoy ◽  
Francisco Edivino Lopes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Crop Pests ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Beneficial Organisms

<p>Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa identificar a diversidade de artrópodes associados à cultura do algodão <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L. com pluma colorida, sendo realizados levantamentos entomofaunístico em Ipanguaçu-RN em áreas de produção. A área experimental foi composta por 15 variedades de algodão com pluma colorida: CNPA 2009-6; CNPA 2009-11; CNPA 2009-13; CNPA 2009-16; CNPA 2009-27; CNPA 2009-42; CNPA 2009-47; CNPA 2009-48; CNPA 2009-50; CNPA 2009-59; CNPA 2009-60; CNPA 2009-62; BRS RUBI; BRS AROEIRA; BRS TOPÁZIO. O levantamento foi realizado tendo como base três métodos de coleta ativa em pontos aleatórios da área experimental. As coletas consistiram da retirada manual de folhas e maçãs diretamente da planta, além da captura de insetos em pleno voo, com auxílio de rede entomológica. Foram encontrados um total 1884 insetos adultos e 66 larvas, dispostos em 8 ordens e 22 famílias. A família Aphididae: Hemiptera foi a mais numerosa entre o material coletado, com 1720 adultos dispersos nos três métodos de coleta aplicados. Além desta, outras famílias de pragas da cultura foram encontradas, como Curculionidae: Coleoptera. Também foram coletados organismos benéficos como os polinizadores Aphidae e Megachilidae, pertencentes a ordem Hymenoptera, predadores (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera; Vespidae: Hymenoptera; Reduviidae: Hemiptera; Chrysopidae: Neuroptera e Labiidae: Dermaptera) e parasitoides, como os microhimenópteros. Foram encontrados três tipos de larvas, sendo classificadas como curculioniforme as mais numerosas, apresentando um total de 57 espécimes coletados.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Entomofaunistic survey of artropods in naturally colored cotton fiber in Ipanguaçu-RN</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The objective of this research was to identify the diversity of arthropods associated with cotton crop <em>Gossypium hirsutum </em>L. with colorful plume, it was conducted entomofaunístico survey in Ipanguaçu-RN in production areas. The experimental area was composed of 15 cotton varieties with colorful plume: CNPA 2009-6; CNPA 2009-11; CNPA 2009-13; CNPA 2009-16; CNPA 2009-27; CNPA 2009-42; CNPA 2009-47; CNPA 2009-48; CNPA 2009-50; CNPA 2009-59; CNPA 2009-60; CNPA 2009-62; BRS RUBI; BRS AROEIRA; BRS TOPÁZIO. The survey was conducted based on three methods of active collection at random points of the experimental area. The samples consisted of manual removal of leaves and apples directly from the plant, as well as insects capture in flight by using entomological network. It was found a total of 1884 adult insects and 66 larvae arranged in 8 orders and 22 families. The Aphididae family: Hemiptera was the most numerous among the collected material, with 1720 adults dispersed in the three collection methods applied. Besides this family, other ones of crop pests were found, such as Curculionidae: Coleoptera. It was also collected beneficial organisms such as pollinators Aphidae and Megachilidae, belonging to the order Hymenoptera, predators (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera; Vespidae: Hymenoptera; Reduviidae: Hemiptera; Chrysopidae: Neuroptera and Labiidae: Dermaptera) and parasitoids, such as microhymenoptera. Three types of larvae were found, and the most numerous of them were classified as curculioniforme, presenting a total of 57 specimens collected.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

Sorption of pesticides used in banana production on soils of Ecuador

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Cáceres ◽  
Guang-Guo Ying ◽  
Rai Kookana
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

There is concern about the migration and adverse impact of pesticides used in banana production systems in Ecuador on aquaculture and ecosystem health. Therefore, we studied the sorption of chlorothalonil, fenamiphos, and its 2 metabolites (fenamiphos sulfone and fenamiphos sulfoxide), by batch method on 6 surface soils from the Guayas River Basin (1–3�S, 79–81�W), a major banana production area of Ecuador. The sorption of chlorothalonil on the 6 soils was high and varied considerably as shown by the Kd values ranging from 68.50 to 152.60 L/kg. The sorption coefficients normalised with the organic carbon content of soil (Koc) for chlorothalonil ranged from 2330 to 7336 kg/L, with a mean value of 4012 kg/L. These Koc values are higher than those previously reported in the literature. The sorption of fenamiphos and its metabolites to the 6 soils varied among soils in a similar pattern. The Kd values ranged from 5.66 to 14.31�L/kg for fenamiphos, from 2.81 to 8.79 L/kg for fenamiphos sulfone, and from 0.77 to 4.00 L/kg for fenamiphos sulfoxide, respectively. In all of the soils the sorption coefficients of both metabolites of fenamiphos were lower than that for the parent compound. The Koc values ranged from 220 to 515 kg/L (mean value 371 kg/L) for fenamiphos, from 29 to 141 kg/L (mean value of 76 kg/L) for fenamiphos sulfoxide, and from 79 to 334 kg/L (mean value of 191 kg/L) for fenamiphos sulfone. Chlorothalonil had much stronger sorption than fenamiphos and its metabolites on the Ecuadorian soil. Due to lower sorption and therefore greater mobility and longer persistence of the fenamiphos metabolites, these compounds need adequate consideration during residue monitoring and assessment of potential off-site impacts on ecosystem health and aquaculture in the Guayas River Basin.

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