scholarly journals Response Curves for Ammonia and Methane Emissions From Stored Liquid Manure Receiving Low Rates of Sulfuric Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Sokolov ◽  
Jemaneh Habtewold ◽  
Andrew VanderZaag ◽  
Kari Dunfield ◽  
Edward Gregorich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Manure Slurry ◽  
Optimum Application

Addition of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to liquid dairy manure (slurry) reduces methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3) emissions. There is interest in understanding how gaseous emissions respond to decreasing rates of acidification, to determine economically optimum application rates. Acidification rates were tested ranging from 0 to 2 g sulfuric acid (H2SO4) L−1 slurry in six meso-scale outdoor storage tanks, each filled with 10.6 m3 slurry and stored for 114 d. Results showed that the rate of acidification for maximum inhibition of CH4 and NH3 emissions varied markedly, whereas N2O reductions were modest. Reductions of CH4 increased with acid rate from 0 to 1.2 g L−1, with no additional response beyond >1.2 g L−1. In contrast to CH4, inhibitions of NH3 showed a linear response across all rates, although reductions were ≤ 30%. Thus, higher acidification rates would be required to achieve greater NH3 emission reductions. Our findings indicate that achieving >85% NH3 emissions reductions would require 4 × more acid than achieving >85% CH4 reductions. Decisions on optimum H2SO4 rates will depend on the need to mitigate CH4 emissions (the primary greenhouse gas emitted from stored liquid manure) or reduce NH3 emissions (which is regulated in some regions). These results will help develop guidelines related to the potential costs and benefits of reducing emissions through acidification.

Influence of the time and rate of liquid-manure application on yield and nitrogen utilization of silage corn in south coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
J. W. Paul ◽  
O. Schmidt ◽  
R. McDougall
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Manure-N availability must be known in order to design application practices that maximize the nutrient value of the manure while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. This study determined the effect of time and rate of liquid manure application on silage corn yield and N utilization, and residual soil nitrate at harvest, in south coastal British Columbia. Liquid dairy or liquid hog manure was applied at target rates of 0, 175, 350 or 525 kg N ha−1, with or without addition of 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer, at two sites in each of 2 yr. Time of liquid-dairy-manure application was also tested at two sites in each of 2 yr with N-application treatments of: 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in spring; 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in fall; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in each of spring and fall; 200 kg N ha−1 applied as inorganic fertilizer in spring; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure plus 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer applied in spring; and a control that received no applied N. Fall-applied manure did not increase corn yield or N uptake in the following growing season. At all sites, maximum yield was attained using manure only. Selection of proper spring application rates for manure and inorganic fertilizer were found to be equally important in minimizing residual soil nitrate at harvest. Apparent recovery of applied N in the crop ranged from 0 to 33% for manure and from 18 to 93% for inorganic fertilizer. Key words: N recovery, manure management

SORPTION OF CARBON AND PHOSPHORUS FROM LIQUID POULTRY MANURE BY SOIL AGGREGATES OF DIFFERING SIZE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. BHATNAGAR ◽  
M. H. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Supernatant Liquid ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Manure Slurry ◽  
Total P

A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for a previously reported observation that addition of liquid manure to soil increased the NaHCO3-extractable P (Ext-P) of large aggregates (> 2 mm) more than that of smaller aggregates whereas addition of an inorganic P solution did not. Application of liquid poultry manure increased the total P, Ext-P and total C concentrations in large aggregates (> 2 mm) much more (> 2.5 ×) than that in small aggregates (< 1 mm). Addition of inorganic P solution or of supernatant liquid from a centrifuged manure slurry increased the P content of the large aggregates only slightly (1.2 ×). A greater increase in Ext-P in large aggregates was observed even when the smaller aggregates were purposely layered on top of the larger ones prior to addition of the liquid manure. A similar but less pronounced effect of aggregate size on increase in P or C concentration was observed when different sized aggregates were left in contact with an effectively infinite source of liquid manure for 24 h. It is concluded that the larger aggregates absorbed more of the bulk manure slurry than smaller aggregates. A partial sealing of small aggregates by particulates is suggested as a possible mechanism. Key words: Carbon, phosphorus, liquid manure, soil aggregates

scholarly journals Land disposal potential of tobacco processing residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marino José Tedesco ◽  
Márcio Henrique Lauschner ◽  
Clesio Gianello ◽  
Leandro Bortolon ◽  
Claudio Henrique Kray
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Land Disposal ◽  
Corn Plants

Brazil is one of the leaders in the production and trading of tobacco leaves in the global market, which results in a large amount of residues that would be recycled and used as soil fertilizers in agriculture. This research aimed to study the land disposal potential and agricultural use of tobacco processing residues (TPRs), their mineralization and the nutrient supply to the plants. The study was carried out in an open area using pots with 32dm³ of a sandy soil (Paleudult), provided with water drainage collectors and tilled with three corn plants each. Eighteen treatments were tested with mineral fertilization, poultry manure (PM), earthworm compost (EC) and increasing rates (0, 7.5, 15, 30 e 60t ha-1) of TPR D (dust) and TPR S (stem fibers).Treatments with TPRs (15t ha-1) plus mineral supplementation two by two (NP, NK and PK) were also tested, with four replications each. The experiment started in 01/15/2004 and conducted until 03/16/2004, when corn plants were harvested. The response curves showed that the residues application rates between 15 and 20t ha-1 are most adequate for the studied soil. The results indicated that both TPRs may be important sources of biomass and potash and have potential to be recycled in the soil, supplying part of the macronutrients required for proper plant growth.

Determination of veterinary antibiotics in dairy manure slurry by LC-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbub Alam ◽  
Osman Atilla Arikan ◽  
Ebubekir Yuksel ◽  
Murat Eyvaz ◽  
Ercan Gurbulak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Manure Slurry

Effects of winter storage conditions and subsequent agitation on gaseous emissions from liquid dairy manure

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C VanderZaag ◽  
R J Gordon ◽  
R C Jamieson ◽  
D L Burton ◽  
G W Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Dissolved Gas

An understanding of emissions from liquid manure facilities during winter, spring thaw and agitation is needed to improve national emissions inventories in Canada. In this study, liquid dairy manure was stored in six pilot-scale tanks (1.8 m deep × 6.6 m2 surface area) covered by steady-state chambers that enabled greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) flux measurement. After 158 d of undisturbed storage, three tanks were agitated for 5 d (8 h per day) consecutively. During storage, methane (CH4) flux was correlated with manure temperature at 30 cm depth (P < 0.05). Nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes occurred only during spring thaw - at rates comparable with agricultural soil during spring thaw. On a carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent basis, however, cumulative N2O fluxes were negligible compared with CH4 fluxes. Flux of NH3 was correlated positively with manure temperature near the surface and negatively with the presence of ice or a surface crust (P < 0.01). Agitation did not affect N2O and NH3 fluxes, whereas CO2 and CH4 fluxes increased significantly (P < 0.01) as dissolved gas and bubbles were released. Trapped CH4 released during agitation was estimated to be 6.3 g CH4 m-3 manure, and was depleted in 2 d. Considering the entire storage period, agitated tanks (158 d + 5 d agitation) had 6% higher GHG fluxes due to higher CH4 losses than undisturbed tanks (163 d). This CH4 release is small in context of annual fluxes, but may partially explain discrepancies between predicted and measured winter fluxes.Key words: Manure storage, agitation, greenhouse gas emission, ammonia emission, dissolved gas

scholarly journals Applying Wollastonite to Soil to Adjust pH and Suppress Powdery Mildew on Pumpkin

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-820
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Arend-Jan Both ◽  
Christian A. Wyenandt ◽  
Edward F. Durner ◽  
Joseph R. Heckman
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Erysiphe Cichoracearum ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Optimum Application ◽  
Cucurbit Powdery Mildew ◽  
Plant Susceptibility

Although not considered an essential nutrient, silicon (Si) can be beneficial to plants. Si accumulator species such as pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. pepo) can absorb Si from soil. Si uptake may reduce plant susceptibility to fungal diseases such as cucurbit powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe cichoracearum). We previously reported that wollastonite, an Organic Materials Reviews Institute–approved natural mineral, can increase soil Si level, increase soil pH, provide pumpkin plants with Si, and increase their resistance to powdery mildew. In this study, we examined the optimum application rate of wollastonite for pumpkins grown in pots and exposed to cucurbit powdery mildew. We confirmed that wollastonite has liming capabilities similar to regular limestone. Regardless of the application rates, wollastonite and limestone showed similar effects on soil chemistry and plant mineral composition. Pumpkin plants grown with the lower doses of wollastonite amendments (3.13 and 6.25 tons/acre) had the greatest tissue Si concentrations and demonstrated the greatest disease resistance. We conclude that wollastonite is a useful material for organic cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) growers who want to increase soil pH and improve plant resistance to powdery mildew at the same time. Applying wollastonite at rates beyond the amount required to achieve a desirable soil pH for pumpkin production did not further increase Si uptake, nor did it further suppress powdery mildew development.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Runoff from Soils Receiving Liquid Dairy and Swine Manures Amended with Mine Drainage Residual

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358
Author(s):  
Clinton D. Church ◽  
Robert S. Hedin ◽  
Ray B. Bryant ◽  
Amy G. Wolfe ◽  
John T. Spargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
List Type ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Manure Slurry

HighlightsConcern over nutrient runoff from agriculture has prompted research to limit phosphorus (P) mobility.Mine drainage residuals (MDRs) can reduce phosphorus solubility in soils, sediments and liquid manure slurries.MDR amendment resulted in lower dissolved phosphorus in runoff from sites treated with dairy manure slurry, but not with swine manure slurry.This study underscores the value of testing under field conditions before making recommendations.Abstract. Concern over nutrient runoff from agriculture has prompted considerable research on amendments to limit phosphorus (P) solubility of manure slurries and P mobility following land application of the slurry. The concept of solving one industry’s problem with another industry’s problem is attractive, but successful examples are uncommon. Mine drainage residual (MDR), generated from the process of neutralizing acid discharge from coal mines, has been shown to reduce soluble P in soils, sediments and manure slurries. We therefore sought to test whether amending manure slurries with MDR was effective at reducing P in runoff once that slurry was applied to agricultural soils. A series of simulated rainfall experiments revealed that amending dairy manure slurry with MDR resulted in significantly less flow weighted dissolved P concentrations and loads in runoff. However, the same effect was not observed with runoff from soils amended with swine manure slurry, despite a greater reduction of water extractable P in swine manure slurry with MDR addition than in dairy manure slurry. This study underscores the value of testing amendments under field conditions before making manure management recommendations. Keywords: Manure, Phosphorus, Mine drainage residual, Engineered treatment, Simulated rainfall.

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