scholarly journals Epidemiology of Bovine Pestiviruses Circulating in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Luzzago ◽  
Nicola Decaro
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Pestiviruses are widespread and economically important pathogens of cattle and other animals. Pestivirus A (formerly known as Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, BVDV-1), Pestivirus B (Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2, BVDV-2), and Pestivirus H (HoBi-like pestivirus, HoBiPeV) species are infecting primarily cattle. Like other RNA viruses, pestiviruses are characterized by a high degree of genetic variability. This high rate of variability is revealed by the existence of a number of viral subgenotypes within each species. In cattle, the highest number of pestivirus subgenotypes has been documented in European countries, particularly in Italy. The aim of this review is to report an up-to-date overview about the genetic diversity of pestiviruses in Italian cattle herds. All three bovine pestiviruses species have been identified in cattle population with variable frequency and geographical distribution. The genetic diversity of Italian pestiviral strains may have diagnostic and immunological implications, affecting the performance of diagnostic tools and the full cross-protection elicited by commercially available vaccines. Implementation and strengthening of coordinated approaches for bovine pestivirus control in Italy are recommended. Therefore, it would be extremely important to increase control and restriction measures to the trade of cattle and biological products of bovine origin, including those containing fetal bovine serum.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in dairy cattle herds in northeast Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theerakul Nilnont ◽  
Suneerat Aiumlamai ◽  
Kwankate Kanistanont ◽  
Chaidate Inchaisri ◽  
Jaruwan Kampa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

scholarly journals Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) genetic diversity in Spain: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e05R01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Diéguez ◽  
Manuel Cerviño ◽  
Eduardo Yus
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Vaccination Recommendations ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a member of the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae, causes significant losses in cattle farming worldwide because of reduced milk production, increased mortality of young animals and reproductive, respiratory and intestinal problems. The virus is characterized by an important genetic, and consequently antigenic and pathogenic diversity. Knowing the variability of viral strains present in a population provides valuable information, particularly relevant for control programs development, vaccination recommendations and even identification of likely infection sources. Such information is therefore important at both local and regional levels. This review focuses on the genetic diversity of BVDV isolates infecting cattle in Spain over the last years. According to the published data, the most prevalent BVDV group in Spain was 1b, and to a lesser extent 1d, 1e and 1f. Besides, BVDV-2 has also been found in Spain with several ratified isolates. The studies carried out in Spain also showed increased genetic heterogeneity of BVDV strains, possibly due to a more intensive use of analytical tools available, presenting studies with increasingly greater sample sizes.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Goats in Southwestern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Deng ◽  
Silu Wang ◽  
Runxia Liu ◽  
Guiying Hao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) affects cows, pigs, sheep, goats, and other ruminants, as well as some wild animals. BVDV causes considerable economic losses every year and many countries have developed programs aimed at the eradication of this disease. The genetic diversity of BVDV in diseased goats has never been described in southwestern China. Thus, in this study, we applied antigen-capture ELISA and RT-PCR to survey the infection rate of BVDV in diseased goats in this region. Our results demonstrated that the average BVDV infection rate in goats was 17.51%, with all positive samples indicating infection by BVDV-1 and not BVDV-2, BVDV-3, or Border disease virus. The molecular characteristics of the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of BVDV-1 were recognized as belonging predominantly to the BVDV-1a, 1b, 1c, 1m, and 1p subtypes. BVDV-1b and 1m were the most abundant subtypes identified in this region, similar to the BVDV epidemics in cattle in other regions of China. This is the first study that describes the genetic characterization of BVDV in sick goats from southwestern China and is important for future studies and control programs.

Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies in dairy cattle herds in the suburb of Kerman, Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1185
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khalili ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Molaei ◽  
Ali Asghar Mozaffari ◽  
Fatemeh Dorreh Giraei ◽  
Nasiri-far Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

scholarly journals First descriptive study of an outbreak of Border disease in a sheep flock in Austria – a high risk factor for Bovine viral diarrhea virus free cattle herds: a case report

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Krametter-Froetscher ◽  
C. Schmitz ◽  
V. Benetka ◽  
Z. Bago ◽  
K. Moestl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Sheep Flock ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Border Disease ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Described is the first outbreak of Border disease in a sheep flock in Austria and its impact on the cattle housed on the same farm. Border disease virus infected sheep are a high risk for pestivirus introduction in susceptible cattle herds and should therefore induce a complete revision of the Austrian Bovine viral diarrhea virus program.

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