scholarly journals The Principles of the Voluntary Programme for the Control and Elimination of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) From Infected Herds in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Toplak ◽  
Peter Hostnik ◽  
Danijela Černe ◽  
Janko Mrkun ◽  
Jože Starič
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
National Level ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Free Status ◽  
Voluntary Programme

In Slovenia, the control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections started in 1994. Since 2014, a voluntary programme has been running according to the national rules that prescribe the conditions for recognising, acquiring, and maintaining a BVDV-free status for an individual herd. The principle is based on periodical laboratory testing and preventive measures that need to be strictly implemented in a herd. Between 2014 and 2020, a total of 348 herds were included in BVDV antibody testing, and 25.0% of tested herds were detected to be BVDV antibody positive. To recognise the BVDV-free status of the herd, the breeder should provide two consecutive tests with intervals of at least 6 months in all animals in the age from 7 to 13 months, with negative results for BVDV antibodies in ELISA. The BVDV-free status of the herd can be maintained by implementing preventive measures and can be renewed each year with one laboratory test in the age group of animals from 7 to 13 months for antibodies in ELISA. During the 7 years of the voluntary programme, 236 herds were included in the detection of BVDV in individual herds by real-time RT-PCR method and the elimination of positive animals from herds. In 71 (31.3%) herds, at least one BVDV-positive animal was detected, with the identification of a total of 267 persistently infected (PI) animals, representing an average of 2.9% of tested animals. The cost of testing for an average herd, recognised as BVDV-negative, and maintaining its BVDV-free status within the implemented voluntary programme, was €97.64/year, while for the average positive herd, the laboratory costs for elimination of BVDV were €189.59/year. Only limited progress towards eradication at the national level has been achieved in Slovenia since 2014.

scholarly journals Control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus at the national level: a brief summary of European BVD control past, present and future

Livestock ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Booth ◽  
Fiona MacGillivray ◽  
Derek Armstrong ◽  
Joe Brownlie
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle farms in Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Szabára ◽  
Zsolt Lang ◽  
József Földi ◽  
Ákos Hornyák ◽  
Tamás Abonyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Positive Animal

A study was performed to survey the virological prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus (BVDV) in cattle herds in Hungary between 2008 and 2012. A total of 40,413 samples for BVDV detection and 24,547 samples for antibody testing were collected from 3,247 herds (570,524 animals), thus representing approximately 75% of the cattle population in Hungary. Retrospective Bayesian analysis demonstrated that (1) the herd-level true virus prevalence was 12.4%, (2) the mean individual (within-herd) true virus prevalence was 7.2% in the herds having at least one virus-positive animal and 0.89% for all investigated herds with a mean apparent prevalence of 1.15% for the same population. This is the first study about BVDV prevalence in Hungary.

scholarly journals Benefit of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) Eradication in Cattle on Pestivirus Seroprevalence in Sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Franziska Huser ◽  
Jessica Grace Schär ◽  
Claudia Bachofen ◽  
Elena de Martin ◽  
Jasmine Portmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Eradication Program ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Border Disease ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Before And After

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and Border disease virus (BDV) are closely related pestiviruses of cattle and sheep, respectively. Both viruses may be transmitted between either species, but control programs are restricted to BVDV in cattle. In 2008, a program to eradicate bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) in cattle was started in Switzerland. As vaccination is prohibited, the cattle population is now widely naïve to pestivirus infections. In a recent study, we determined that nearly 10% of cattle are positive for antibodies to BDV. Here, we show that despite this regular transmission of BDV from small ruminants to cattle, we could only identify 25 cattle that were persistently infected with BDV during the last 12 years of the eradication program. In addition, by determining the BVDV and BDV seroprevalence in sheep in Central Switzerland before and after the start of the eradication, we provide evidence that BVDV is transmitted from cattle to sheep, and that the BVDV seroprevalence in sheep significantly decreased after its eradication in cattle. While BDV remains endemic in sheep, the population thus profited at least partially from BVD eradication in cattle. Importantly, on a national level, BVD eradication does not appear to be generally derailed by the presence of pestiviruses in sheep. However, with every single virus-positive cow, it is necessary to consider small ruminants as a potential source of infection, resulting in costly but essential investigations in the final stages of the eradication program.

Pathological lesions of lambs infected in utero with bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1c (BVDV-1c)

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Caitlin A. Evans ◽  
Lucy Woolford ◽  
Farhid Hemmatzadeh ◽  
Michael P. Reichel ◽  
Peter D. Cockcroft
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1b infection associated with congenital tremor and hypomyelination in Holstein calves

2021 ◽  
pp. 109047
Author(s):  
Laura Gallina ◽  
Michel C. Koch ◽  
Arcangelo Gentile ◽  
Ida Treglia ◽  
Cristiano Bombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Congenital Tremor

A survey for bvdv antibodies in cattle farms in Slovakia and genetic typing of bvdv isolates from imported animals

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Vilček ◽  
Jana Mojžišová ◽  
Viera Bajová ◽  
Š. Paulík ◽  
L. Strojný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Cattle Farms

A serological survey for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) antibodies on a collection of 1295 serum samples obtained from 6-12 months old cattle originating from 45 farms in Slovakia was carried out. On 13 farms more than 90% of the examined animals were seropositive, on 14 farms 71-90% seroprevalence was observed, on 13 farms only 50-70% animals were found to be positive for BVDV antibodies, while the remaining 5 farms showed fewer than 50% seropositive animals. The average incidence of BVDV antibodies (around 70%) was similar as determined 30 years ago. Of 84 serum samples from seronegative animals originating from 14 farms in which 70-98% seropositivity was observed, six were positive in Ag-BVDV ELISA indicating persistently infected (PI) cattle. On a farm to which animals were imported from abroad, a BVD outbreak was observed. Of 110 animals tested, four were positive in Ag-ELISA indicating the presence of PI cattle on this farm. Genetic typing of two isolates from imported animals performed by RT-PCR (324/326 primers from 5´-UTR), sequencing of PCR products and computer-assisted phylogenetic analysis revealed that they belong to BVDV-1h group.

Anti-Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Antibodies in Adult Zambian Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Giangaspero ◽  
G Vacirca ◽  
D Morgan ◽  
K S Baboo ◽  
N P Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus is a cosmopolitan pestivirus of animals which is associated with diarrhoea, immunosuppression and synergy with other pathogens. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of anti-BVD virus antibodies in healthy Zambian adults and those with asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV disease. Sera from 1159 adults were tested for anti-BVD virus antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence test and the confirmatory Western blot. Of the 1159 sera examined, 180 (15.5%) showed significantly elevated titres of anti-BVD antibodies. These included 70 out of 477 (14.7%) HIV-negative healthy adults; 73 out of 480 (15.2%) of HIV-positive asymptomatic individuals; 23 out of 129 (17.8%) HIV-seropositive patients with associated illnesses excluding diarrhoea; and 14 out of 73 (19.2%) of HIV-seropositive patients with chronic diarrhoea. HIV-seropositive patients with chronic diarrhoea or associated illnesses appear to have significantly increased seroprevalence of anti-BVD virus antibodies ( P = >0.01). The mechanism of interaction between BVD virus and HIV infections and the synergistic effects with other opportunistic pathogens in humans requires definition.

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