scholarly journals Developments in Concert Hall Acoustics in the 1960s: Theory and Practice

Acoustics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Barron
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Directional Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Concert Hall ◽  
Anechoic Chambers ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
The 1960S

After the war, there was a general understanding of reverberation time (RT), including how to measure it and its significance, as well as its link to a state of diffusion. Reverberation refers to a property of late sound; there was an appreciation that early sound must be significant, but in what way? Research had begun in the 1950s using simulation systems in anechoic chambers, with the Haas effect of 1951 being the most prominent result. Thiele’s Deutlichkeit, or early energy fraction, was important from 1953 and indirectly found expression in Beranek’s initial time delay gap (ITDG) from 1962. The 1960s produced a possible explanation for RTs in halls being shorter than calculations predicted, the importance of early sound for the sense of reverberation (EDT), the nature of directional sensitivity, conditions for echo disturbance, and the importance of early lateral reflections. Much of the research in the 1960s laid the foundations for research investigating the relative importance of the various subjective effects for concert hall listening. Important concert halls built during the period include Philharmonic Hall, New York (1962); Fairfield Hall, Croydon, London (1962); the Philharmonie, Berlin (1963); and De Doelen Hall, Rotterdam (1966). The parallel-sided halls of the past were rarely copied, however, due to architectural fashion. These various halls will be discussed as they make a fascinating group.

Interrelation of Architectural Concepts and Principles of Artificial Lighting in the Moscow Concert Hall Zaryadye

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Maria M. Ilyevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Concert Hall ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Building Type ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Architectural Planning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Formal Features

The article is focused on the analysis of the Zaryadye Concert Hall building in Moscow in terms of the significance of artificial lighting for the creation of the imagery and perception of this facility within the typology of entertainment music-oriented buildings. Through the example of modern places of entertainment, the author reveals a number of formal features (typological attributes), which, being common to buildings of this function, constitute the basis of their image and become obvious due to the realized lighting concept. The interpretation of these attributes in the interaction of architectural planning and lighting concepts in the Zaryadye Concert Hall is traced. In conclusion, the distinctive features of the building under consideration are determined. At the same time, they reflect a new understanding of concert halls as a building type, the changes related to the overall development of architecture, as well as the elements of the individual architectural language.

Recommended Reading: Nelson Brooks, Language and Language Learning, Theory and Practice. Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York, 1960; French for Secondary Schools, Suggested Content and Organization for Four and Six Year Sequences. Pubi, by Bureau of Secondary Curriculum Development, New York State Education Department, Albany, N.Y., 1960; Source Materials for Secondary School Teachers of Foreign Languages, Prepared by M. J. Johnston and E. M. Eaton; J. S. Holton, P. E. King, G. Mathieu and K. S. Pond, Sound Language Teaching. University Publishers, N.Y., 1961; Robert L. Politzer, Teaching French – An Introduction to Applied Linguistics. Ginn & Co., N.Y.RECOMMENDED READING: Nelson Brooks, LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE LEARNING, THEORY AND PRACTICE. Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York, 1960.FRENCH FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SUGGESTED CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION FOR FOUR AND SIX YEAR SEQUENCES. Pubi, by Bureau of Secondary Curriculum Development, New York State Education Department, Albany, N.Y., 1960.SOURCE MATERIALS FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES, prepared by M. J. Johnston and E. M. Eaton. Published by U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education, Washington 25, D.C. Circular No. 509, Revised, January 1960.J. S. Holton, P. E. King, G. Mathieu and K. S. Pond, SOUND LANGUAGE TEACHING. University Publishers, N.Y., 1961. $5.00.Robert L. Politzer, TEACHING FRENCH - AN INTRODUCTION TO APPLIED LINGUISTICS. Ginn & Co., N.Y., 1960.

1962 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87a-88
Author(s):  
P. R. Ducretet
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
New York State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Education Department ◽  
State Education ◽  
State Education Department ◽  
Source Materials

The Constitutionality of Involuntary Civil Commitment of Opiate Addicts

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Commitment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Narcotic Trafficking ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Opiate Addicts ◽  
The 1960S

This paper deals with the constitutionality of involuntary treatment of opiate addicts. Although the first laws permitting involuntary treatment of opiate addicts were enacted in the second half of the nineteenth century, addicts were not committed in large numbers until California and New York enacted new civil commitment legislation in the 1960s. Inevitably, the courts were called upon to decide if involuntary treatment was constitutional. Both the California and New York courts decided that it was. These decisions were heavily influenced by statements made by the United States Supreme Court in Robinson v. California. The Robinson case did not actually involve the constitutionality of involuntary treatment; it involved the question of whether it was constitutional for a state to make addiction a crime. Nevertheless, the Supreme Court declared (in a dictum) that a state might establish a program of compulsory treatment for opiate addicts either to discourage violation of its criminal laws against narcotic trafficking or to safeguard the general health or welfare of its inhabitants. Presumably because the Robinson case did not involve the constitutionality of involuntary treatment of opiate addicts, the Supreme Court did not go into that question as deeply as it might have. The California and New York courts, in turn, relied too much on this dictum and did not delve deeply into the question. The New York courts did a better job than the California courts, but their work too was not as good as it should have been.

Ciguapas in New York: Transcultural Ethnicity and Transracialization in Dominican American Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIA MARÍA DURÁN-ALMARZA
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dominican Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominican American

The Dominican American community in New York is perhaps one of the best examples of how processes of transculturation are affecting traditional definitions of ethnic identification. Given the intense economic, social and cultural transnational exchanges between the island and the USA from the 1960s, Dominicanyorks have been challenging the illusion of homogeneity in the definition of Americanness for decades, creating transnational social networks that transcend traditional national and ethnographic boundaries. The theatrical works of Josefina Báez, a Dominican American performer living in New York, and Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso, a Dominican poet and playwright who lived and worked in the US metropolis for decades before moving back to the Dominican Republic, lyrically explore issues of diaspora, identity and migration and the impact these phenomena might have in the lives of migrant Dominican women. Presenting diasporic experiences from two differing but interconnected locales – New York and the Dominican Republic – these plays offer two complementary views on the ways in which ethnicity, race, social class, age and geopolitical location interact in the formation of transcultural identities, thus contributing to develop a hemispheric approach to the study of identity formation in the Americas.

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