scholarly journals Association between 24 h Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion and Dietary Intake in Japanese Male Adolescent Football Players

Adolescents ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-472
Author(s):  
Yosuke Nagashima ◽  
Akiko Horikawa ◽  
Mari Mori
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Dietary Reference Intakes ◽  
Japanese Male ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

High urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is considered a strong risk factor for hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, and we analyzed these levels associated with dietary intake in Japanese adolescent football players. This cross-sectional study included 120 Japanese male adolescent football players. Over 24 h, urine was collected and measured for creatinine, sodium, and potassium levels. A dietary assessment was performed using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. The study analyzed 79 participants. The mean urinary sodium was 143.2 mmol/day, urinary potassium was 42.8 mmol/day, and the mean urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was 3.6. Compared with the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes, the estimated salt intake was 73.4% for the participants who exceeded the sodium intake, and the estimated potassium intake was 73.4% for the participants who did not satisfy it. Multiple regression analysis revealed that milk and dairy product intake was independently and positively associated with urinary potassium (β = 0.252) and independently and negatively associated with the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (β = −0.254). Adolescent football players had a high-sodium and low-potassium diet, well above the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes recommendations. Milk and dairy products could be effective for increasing urinary potassium and decreasing the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio.

scholarly journals Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake in Hungarian Elderly: Results from the Cross-Sectional Biomarker2019 Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8806
Author(s):  
Eszter Sarkadi-Nagy ◽  
Andrea Horváth ◽  
Anita Varga ◽  
Leonóra Zámbó ◽  
Andrea Török ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

High sodium intake and inadequate potassium intake are associated with high blood pressure. The elderly are more salt sensitive than other age groups, yet a reliable estimate of the dietary sodium and potassium intake of this age group in Hungary is unavailable. The study aimed to estimate the sodium and potassium intakes in the Hungarian elderly from 24 h urine sodium and potassium excretion. In this cross-sectional study, participants were selected from patients of general practitioners practicing in western Hungary. The participants comprised 99 men and 90 women (mean age 67.1 (SD 5.4] years) who participated in the Biomarker2019 survey and returned a complete 24 h urine collection. We assessed dietary sodium and potassium by determining 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretions and 3-day dietary records. The mean urinary sodium was 188.8 (73.5) mmoL/day, which is equivalent to 11.0 g of salt/day; and the mean urinary potassium was 65.8 (24.3) mmoL/day, which is equivalent to 3.03 g of potassium/day, after adjusting for non-urinary potassium losses. Only 7% of the subjects met the World Health Organization’s recommended target of less than 5 g of salt/day, and 33% consumed at least the recommended potassium amount of 3.5 g/day, based on the estimates from 24 h urine excretion. For most elderly, sodium intake exceeds, and potassium does not reach, dietary recommendations. The results underline the need to intensify salt reduction efforts in Hungary.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Dietary Intake of High-Rank Professional Male Football Players during a Preseason Training Week

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8567
Author(s):  
Anna Książek ◽  
Aleksandra Zagrodna ◽  
Małgorzata Słowińska-Lisowska
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Nutritional Strategies ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Average Consumption

A well-balanced diet is one of the main factors that may play a supportive role in enhancing acute training stimuli in optimal training adaptation. The aim of the present study was to examine the energy and macro- and micronutrient intake including and excluding supplements among top-level Polish football players during one week of the general preparatory period. In addition, the study looked at whether athletes consume carbohydrates in recommended amounts, depending on the completed training sessions. A total of 26 professional football players were included in the study. The preseason dietary intake was assessed using a 7-day estimated food record. The energy value of the diet and the amounts of the dietary ingredients were assessed using the software Dieta 6.0. The average consumption of energy, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, and calcium was lower than recommendations, and average intake of sodium and potassium was higher than the norm in the diets of the athletes. The results of this study do not confirm the justification for adding protein preparations to diets of the studied players. Furthermore, football players dietary carbohydrate intake was relatively low in comparison to requirements based on training loads. Based on our results we conclude that further work is necessary to reinforce education about nutritional habits and adjust nutritional strategies to individual needs to enhance athletic performance.

Estimated 24 Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in a Population of Moroccan Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed idrissi ◽  
Naima Saeid ◽  
Samir Mounach ◽  
Hicham El Berri ◽  
Ayoub Al Jawaldah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
World Health ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Excessive sodium (Na) intake and low potassium (K) intake are associated with adverse cardiovascular health outcomes. Morocco lacks data on actual Na and K intake in adults. The aim of this study was to estimate the mean intake of Na and K in a Moroccan population of adults using the 24-h urinary excretion and to examine their association with blood pressure (BP). Methods: A total of 371 adults, who participated in the urinary validation sub-study of the STEP-wise Survey-Morocco-2017-2018, have complete data on demographic, anthropometric and blood pressure and have provided a valid 24-h urine collection according to the standard protocol of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: The mean 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 2794 mg (SD, 1394) and the median was 2550 mg (IQR, 1780-3726). The mean 24-h urinary potassium excretion was 1898 mg (SD, 1044) and the median was 1640 mg (IQR, 1170-2410). Sodium excretion was between 3000 and 5000 mg/day in 31% of participants, < 3000 mg/day in 64%, and > 5000 mg/day in only 5%. No significant association of urinary sodium or potassium with blood pressure was found. Conclusion: Sodium intake in the studied population of Moroccan adults was higher than WHO recommendation and was comparable to levels reported in countries from Eastern Mediterranean Region. The vast majority of participants had a sodium intake < 5000 mg/day, with only 5% were above this level. Potassium intake was in the range of 1000 to 3000 mg/day. Within these ranges, there was no association between sodium or potassium intake and blood pressure. This information is crucial to help implement the national strategy to reduce sodium intake as a cost-effective intervention to prevent chronic disease in Morocco.

scholarly journals 24-h Urinary Sodium and Potassium and Their Association with Clinical Features of Migraine Headache

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Arab ◽  
Fariborz Khorvash ◽  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Gholamreza Askari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Abstract Aim: There is a paucity of evidence regarding the association between sodium and potassium with migraine. To explore the possible relationship between 24-h urinary sodium and potassium with clinical features of migraine patients, we conducted a cross-sectional study using a sample of the Iranian population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 262 participants aged 20-50 years, with a diagnosis of migraine were included. One 24-h urine sample was collected by each subject to estimate sodium and potassium intake. Clinical features of migraine including frequency, duration, severity, migraine headache index score (MHIS), and headache impact test (HIT) were assessed. The serum nitric oxide values were assessed using the Griess method. Multiple linear regression analysis was used and beta (β) and 95% corresponding confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results: The 24-h urinary sodium was significantly associated with frequency (Model 3: β=1.86, 95%CI (0.10, 3.62); P=0.038), duration (Model 2: β=0.38, 95%CI (0.11, 0.66); P=0.006) and MHIS (Model 3: β=0.19, 95%CI (0.01, 0.37); P=0.034). Also, there was a significant association between Na/K ratio and MHIS (Model 2: β=0.16, 95%CI (0.003, 0.33); P=0.045). There was no significant relationship between 24-h urinary potassium and any of the intended variables (all P values <0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake could be used as a useful and novel approach to improve clinical findings of migraine and associated burden of disease. Additional studies are needed to replicate these findings and to discover mechanisms that mediate the association between sodium and potassium intake with migraine headache.

scholarly journals Studies on Current Status of Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment in Jiangxi Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Zehui Jiang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Junyong Wang ◽  
Junshan Li ◽  
Meihui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Objective To understand the present status of high blood pressure in Jiangxi adults including the prevalence rate, overall awareness, and hypertension treatment. Methods a total of 7,200 adult participants (over 18 years old) lived in Jiangxi were recruited using a stratified sampling method. Blood pressure was measured for all the participants and a questionnaire survey was conducted. A 24-hour urine sample was also collected to understand urine sodium and potassium levels. Results Our findings revealed that the measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 125.9 mmHg (95% CI, 124.85-126.95) and 79.2 mm Hg (95% CI, 78.15-80.25). The prevalence of hypertension among the enrolled adults was 27.43% (95% CI, 26.38%–28.48%). Among the affected participants, less than 30% of them (95% CI) were aware of their hypertension condition, and only 28.56% (95% CI) were under anti-hypertension medications. The mean salt intake converted from urinary sodium was 10.92±4.07 g and the mean±SD of 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion were 185.51±65.44 mmol and 25.98±9.16 mmol, respectively. The high-salt condiments was determined to be the main source of sodium in the region. Conclusion Findings from this study form the baseline information to understand the hypertension condition in the region and indicate a possible solution for hypertension prevention through avoiding high-salt condiments.

Abstract P023: Relationship Between TNF-α And SBP In The Baseline Cohort Of The Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium Trial

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Farhan ◽  
Elizabeth D Drugge ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Lesley Graham ◽  
Shoujin Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Hypertension (HTN) is a leading global noncommunicable cause of mortality and dietary salt is the most common modifiable risk factor for HTN. Evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) modulates mechanisms that may contribute to salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHT). We conducted a secondary analysis of the baseline cohort of the DASH-Sodium trial, to explore the relationship between TNF-α and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in subjects categorized by race, sex, and baseline blood pressure. Urinary TNF-α levels adjusted for creatinine (pg/mg) were measured in (91%) (374 of 412) subjects ingesting high salt (150 mmol) and control diet for 2 weeks prior to randomization. Descriptive analyses were used to determine the sample prevalence of demographic, laboratory, and outcome variables, and bivariate analyses were used to check for highly correlated variables. Robust multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the association of TNF-α and SBP with and without covariates, p < 0.05. SBP, urinary sodium and potassium adjusted for creatinine, and 24-hour urine volume were positively associated with TNF-α, whereas African American, male, and increasing waist circumference exhibited negative associations with TNF-α, p < 0.05. Predicted TNF-α increased from 22.7 (19.3,26.8) to 33.2 (26.9,41.0) pg/mg with increasing SBP (100 to 180 mm Hg). TNF-α was 25.4 (23.7, 27.1) pg/mg for AA vs. 28.9 (27.2, 30.8) pg/mg for non-AA, and 24.2 (22.6, 25.9) for males vs. (27.3, 30.7) pg/mg for females, respectively. TNF-α increased from 22.3 (20.3, 24.5) to 46.8 (36.1, 60.7) pg/mg as urinary potassium increased from 10 to 100 mg/g, and from 22.7 (20.3, 25.5) to 33.1 (29.0, 37.8) pg/mg as urinary sodium increased from 10 to 250 mg/g. There was a statistically significant interaction between urinary sodium and potassium: TNFα increased to a greater extent with increasing urinary potassium at a lower level of urinary sodium (-1 SD),16.7 (14.0, 20.2) to 38.1 (31.3, 47.3) pg/mg compared to that at higher urinary sodium levels (+1SD), 24.4 (21.0, 28.4) to 35.2 (30.9, 40.1) pg/mg. These results suggest that TNF-α may regulate ion transport mechanisms that contribute to differences in potassium handling and changes in sodium and potassium excretion observed in SSHT.

scholarly journals Aldosterone-Mediated Sodium Retention Is Reflected by the Serum Sodium to Urinary Sodium to (Serum Potassium)2 to Urinary Potassium (SUSPPUP) Index

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Evelien Kanaan ◽  
Matthias Haase ◽  
Oliver Vonend ◽  
Martin Reincke ◽  
Matthias Schott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Aldosterone To Renin Ratio ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Parallel Measurements

The serum sodium to urinary sodium ratio divided by the (serum potassium)2 to urinary potassium ratio (SUSPPUP formula) reflects aldosterone action. We here prospectively investigated into the usefulness of the SUSPPUP ratio as a diagnostic tool in primary hyperaldosteronism. Parallel measurements of serum and urinary sodium and potassium concentrations (given in mmol/L) in the fasting state were done in 225 patients. Of them, 69 were diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA), 102 with essential hypertension (EH), 26 with adrenal insufficiency (AI) and 28 did not suffer from the above-mentioned disorders and were assigned to the reference group (REF). The result of the SUSPPUP formula was highest in the PA group (7.4, 4.2–12.3 L/mmol), followed by EH (3.2, 2.3–4.3 L/mmol), PA after surgery (3.9, 3.0–6.0 L/mmol), REF (3.4 ± 1.4 L/mmol) and AI (2.9 +/− 1.2 L/mmol). The best sensitivity in distinguishing PA from EH was reached by multiplication of the aldosterone to renin-ratio (ARR) with the SUSPPUP formula (92.7% at a cut off > 110 L/mmol), highest specificity was reached by the SUSPPUP determinations (87.2%). The integration of the SUSPPUP ratio into the ARR helps to improve the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism substantially.

scholarly journals Association between 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure among Chinese adults aged 18–69 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofu Du ◽  
Le Fang ◽  
Jianwei Xu ◽  
Xiangyu Chen ◽  
Yamin Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

AbstractThe direction and magnitude of the association between sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure (BP) may differ depending on the characteristics of the study participant or the intake assessment method. Our objective was to assess the relationship between BP, hypertension and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion among Chinese adults. A total of 1424 provincially representative Chinese residents aged 18 to 69 years participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2017 that included demographic data, physical measurements and 24-h urine collection. In this study, the average 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio were 3811.4 mg/day, 1449.3 mg/day, and 4.9, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary sodium excretion was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.64 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05–1.24) and diastolic BP (0.45 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.08–0.81), and each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary potassium excretion was inversely associated with systolic BP (− 3.07 mm Hg; 95% CI − 4.57 to − 1.57) and diastolic BP (− 0.94 mm Hg; 95% CI − 1.87 to − 0.02). The sodium-to-potassium ratio was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.78 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.42–1.13) and diastolic BP (0.31 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.10–0.53) per 1-unit increase. These associations were mainly driven by the hypertensive group. Those with a sodium intake above about 4900 mg/24 h or with a potassium intake below about 1000 mg/24 h had a higher risk of hypertension. At higher but not lower levels of 24-h urinary sodium excretion, potassium can better blunt the sodium-BP relationship. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of excretion were 0.54 (95% CI 0.35–0.84) for potassium and 1.71 (95% CI 1.16–2.51) for the sodium-to-potassium ratio, while the corresponding OR for sodium was not significant (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 0.83–1.98). Our results showed that the sodium intake was significantly associated with BP among hypertensive patients and the inverse association between potassium intake and BP was stronger and involved a larger fraction of the population, especially those with a potassium intake below 1000 mg/24 h should probably increase their potassium intake.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document