Abstract P023: Relationship Between TNF-α And SBP In The Baseline Cohort Of The Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium Trial

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Farhan ◽  
Elizabeth D Drugge ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Lesley Graham ◽  
Shoujin Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Hypertension (HTN) is a leading global noncommunicable cause of mortality and dietary salt is the most common modifiable risk factor for HTN. Evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) modulates mechanisms that may contribute to salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHT). We conducted a secondary analysis of the baseline cohort of the DASH-Sodium trial, to explore the relationship between TNF-α and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in subjects categorized by race, sex, and baseline blood pressure. Urinary TNF-α levels adjusted for creatinine (pg/mg) were measured in (91%) (374 of 412) subjects ingesting high salt (150 mmol) and control diet for 2 weeks prior to randomization. Descriptive analyses were used to determine the sample prevalence of demographic, laboratory, and outcome variables, and bivariate analyses were used to check for highly correlated variables. Robust multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the association of TNF-α and SBP with and without covariates, p < 0.05. SBP, urinary sodium and potassium adjusted for creatinine, and 24-hour urine volume were positively associated with TNF-α, whereas African American, male, and increasing waist circumference exhibited negative associations with TNF-α, p < 0.05. Predicted TNF-α increased from 22.7 (19.3,26.8) to 33.2 (26.9,41.0) pg/mg with increasing SBP (100 to 180 mm Hg). TNF-α was 25.4 (23.7, 27.1) pg/mg for AA vs. 28.9 (27.2, 30.8) pg/mg for non-AA, and 24.2 (22.6, 25.9) for males vs. (27.3, 30.7) pg/mg for females, respectively. TNF-α increased from 22.3 (20.3, 24.5) to 46.8 (36.1, 60.7) pg/mg as urinary potassium increased from 10 to 100 mg/g, and from 22.7 (20.3, 25.5) to 33.1 (29.0, 37.8) pg/mg as urinary sodium increased from 10 to 250 mg/g. There was a statistically significant interaction between urinary sodium and potassium: TNFα increased to a greater extent with increasing urinary potassium at a lower level of urinary sodium (-1 SD),16.7 (14.0, 20.2) to 38.1 (31.3, 47.3) pg/mg compared to that at higher urinary sodium levels (+1SD), 24.4 (21.0, 28.4) to 35.2 (30.9, 40.1) pg/mg. These results suggest that TNF-α may regulate ion transport mechanisms that contribute to differences in potassium handling and changes in sodium and potassium excretion observed in SSHT.

scholarly journals Association between 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure among Chinese adults aged 18–69 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofu Du ◽  
Le Fang ◽  
Jianwei Xu ◽  
Xiangyu Chen ◽  
Yamin Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

AbstractThe direction and magnitude of the association between sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure (BP) may differ depending on the characteristics of the study participant or the intake assessment method. Our objective was to assess the relationship between BP, hypertension and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion among Chinese adults. A total of 1424 provincially representative Chinese residents aged 18 to 69 years participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2017 that included demographic data, physical measurements and 24-h urine collection. In this study, the average 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio were 3811.4 mg/day, 1449.3 mg/day, and 4.9, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary sodium excretion was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.64 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05–1.24) and diastolic BP (0.45 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.08–0.81), and each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary potassium excretion was inversely associated with systolic BP (− 3.07 mm Hg; 95% CI − 4.57 to − 1.57) and diastolic BP (− 0.94 mm Hg; 95% CI − 1.87 to − 0.02). The sodium-to-potassium ratio was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.78 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.42–1.13) and diastolic BP (0.31 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.10–0.53) per 1-unit increase. These associations were mainly driven by the hypertensive group. Those with a sodium intake above about 4900 mg/24 h or with a potassium intake below about 1000 mg/24 h had a higher risk of hypertension. At higher but not lower levels of 24-h urinary sodium excretion, potassium can better blunt the sodium-BP relationship. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of excretion were 0.54 (95% CI 0.35–0.84) for potassium and 1.71 (95% CI 1.16–2.51) for the sodium-to-potassium ratio, while the corresponding OR for sodium was not significant (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 0.83–1.98). Our results showed that the sodium intake was significantly associated with BP among hypertensive patients and the inverse association between potassium intake and BP was stronger and involved a larger fraction of the population, especially those with a potassium intake below 1000 mg/24 h should probably increase their potassium intake.

Abstract P184: Effects of Sodium and Potassium Supplementation on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Untreated (Pre)Hypertensives on a Low-Sodium, Low-Potassium Diet

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieke Gijsbers ◽  
James Dower ◽  
Marco Mensink ◽  
Johanna M Geleijnse
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Potassium Supplementation ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Sodium Supplementation

Introduction: We performed a 12-week randomized placebo-controlled crossover study to examine the effects of sodium and potassium supplementation on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in untreated (pre)hypertensive individuals on a low-sodium, low-potassium diet. Methods: During the study, subjects were on a fully controlled diet that provided on average 2.4 g/d of sodium (equals 6 g/d of salt) and 2.2 g/d of potassium. After a 1-week run-in period, 37 subjects received capsules with supplemental sodium (3 g/d, equals 7.5 g/d of salt), supplemental potassium (3 g/d), or placebo, for four weeks each (not separated by wash-out), in random order. Fasting office BP, 24-h ambulatory BP, and measures of arterial stiffness (SphygmoCor®) were assessed at baseline and after each treatment. Results: Subjects had a mean pre-treatment BP of 145/81 mmHg and 68% (25 of 37) had systolic BP (SBP) ≥140 mmHg. In 36 subjects who completed the study, sodium supplementation increased urinary sodium by 97.6 mmol/24h (2.2 g/d) and potassium supplementation increased urinary potassium by 62.9 mmol/24h (2.5 g/d), compared to placebo (Table). Sodium supplementation significantly increased office BP by 7.5/3.3 mmHg, 24-h BP by 7.0/2.1 mmHg and central BP by 8.5/3.6 mmHg. Potassium supplementation significantly reduced 24-h BP by 4.0/1.7 mmHg. Measures of arterial stiffness did not change. Conclusion: Increasing the intake of sodium has a strong adverse effect on BP in untreated (pre)hypertensive individuals. Increased potassium intake, however, lowers BP even when people are on a reduced sodium diet. Short-term changes in sodium and potassium intake have little effect on arterial stiffness. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01575041

scholarly journals Effect of Administration of Combination of Captopril and Celery Extract on Blood Pressure and Electrolyte Levels of Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Siska Siska ◽  
Franciscus D. Suyatna ◽  
Abdul Mun'im ◽  
Anton Bahtiar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Standard Value

Based on previous reports, the combination of captopril and celery could reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to investigate the changes of blood pressure, urine volume, sodium, and potassium level, due to concomitant administration of captopril with celery extract orally in male rats induced by 4% NaCl. The blood pressure was measured using a non-invasive tail method. The urine and blood were collected, and the sodium, potassium concentration, and cumulative urine volume were measured. The combination of 5 mg/kgBW of captopril and 40 mg/kgBW of celery extract decreased the blood pressure in hypertensive rats better than 5 mg/kgBW of captopril alone. The fell in blood pressure was followed by an increase in urine volume. Urinary and serum sodium, serum potassium levels tended to increase in all treatment groups, but not significantly different from the healthy group. Urinary potassium levels tended to decrease except in the combined 5 mg/kgBW of captopril and 40 mg/kgBW of celery extract. In conclusion, oral administration of a combination of 5 mg/kgBW captopril and 40 mg/kgBW celery extract decreased the blood pressure to the standard value in NaCl-induced hypertension rats.Keywords: Apium graveolens, captopril, celery, hypertension, pharmacodynamic

Effects of the Fab fragment of digoxin antibody on the natriuresis and increase in blood pressure induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of hypertonic saline solution in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru YAMADA ◽  
Atsuo GOTO ◽  
Chen HUI ◽  
Noriko YAGI ◽  
Tsuneaki SUGIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Infusion

1. The effects of intravenous injection of Fab fragments of anti-digoxin IgG (Digibind) on the changes in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion after intracerebroventricular infusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid with normal or high sodium concentration were examined in anaesthetized rats. 2. The biological efficacy of Digibind was confirmed by experiments in vitro and in vivo, which showed that pre-treatment with Digibind completely abolished or significantly attenuated the aortic contractile response or pressor response to digoxin in guinea-pigs. 3. Infusion of high-sodium cerebrospinal fluid, but not normal-sodium cerebrospinal fluid, into the lateral brain ventricle of rats caused marked increases in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion. 4. Digibind did not significantly affect the increases in blood pressure, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion caused by intracerebroventricular infusion of high-sodium cerebrospinal fluid. 5. Digoxin-like immunoreactive factor may play a minor role, if any, in central nervous system-induced natriuresis in rats.

A HMGCR polymorphism is associated with relations between blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium ratio in the Epic-Norfolk Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata N. Freitas ◽  
Kay-Tee Khaw ◽  
Kelvin Wu ◽  
Richard Bowman ◽  
Hannah Jeffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

scholarly journals Trends in blood pressure and urinary sodium and potassium excretion in Japan: reinvestigation in the 8th year after the Intersalt Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 735-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Nakagawa ◽  
Y Morikawa ◽  
A Okayama ◽  
Y Fujita ◽  
Y Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

scholarly journals Association between urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Carranza-Leon ◽  
Rany Octaria ◽  
Michelle J. Ormseth ◽  
Annette Oeser ◽  
Joseph F. Solus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Three peptides from the ANF prohormone NH(2)-terminus are natriuretic and/or kaliuretic

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (5) ◽  
pp. F1401-F1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Martin ◽  
J. B. Pevahouse ◽  
D. J. Trigg ◽  
D. L. Vesely ◽  
J. E. Buerkert
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
Urine Sodium ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The present investigation was designed to determine whether peptides derived from the NH(2)-terminal portion of the 126-amino acid prohormone (pro) of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have natriuretic and diuretic properties similar to ANF. Three peptides consisting of amino acids 1-30 [(proANF-(1-30)], 31-67 [proANF-(31-67)], and 79-98 (proANF-(79-98)] of the ANF prohormone were tested and compared with the COOH-terminus peptide (ANF) with respect to their ability to increase urine volume, urine sodium and potassium excretion, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in anesthetized Munich-Wistar rats. Each of these peptides except proANF-(79-98) caused a significant diuresis (P less than 0.05) when infused at their respective 100 ng.kg body wt-1.min-1 concentrations for 120 min. ProANFs-(1-30), (31-67), (79-98), and (99-126) (ANF) increased sodium excretion by 231, 973, 167, and 1,405%, respectively. The fractional excretion of sodium compared with control was significant at P less than 0.05, P less than 0.01, and P less than 0.05 for proANFs (1-30), (31-67), and (99-126), respectively. ProANF-(79-98) did not significantly increase the fractional excretion of sodium, but it was the only peptide from the NH(2)-terminus of the prohormone that significantly increased the fractional excretion of potassium's ProANF-(31-67) did not increase urinary potassium excretion. ProANF-(1-30), (79-98), and ANF significantly (P less than 0.05) increased urinary potassium excretion. None of these peptides significantly enhanced GFR. In conclusion, three peptides from the NH(2)-terminus of the ANF prohormone as well as ANF (the COOH-terminus) have either natriuretic, kaliuretic, and/or diuretic properties, but the respective ability of each of these peptides to produce these effects varies considerably.

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