scholarly journals Maize Grain Composition with Additions of NPK Briquette and Organically Enhanced N Fertilizer

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 852
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Shuangli Liu ◽  
Xinhua Yin ◽  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
John H. Winings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Grain Composition ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Grain

NPK fertilizer briquettes (NPKBriq) and organically enhanced N fertilizer (OENF), as newly developed fertilizer products, are reported to increase maize (Zea mays L.) yield and N use efficiency, but their effects on maize grain composition are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of NPKBriq and OENF on the protein, oil, fiber, ash, and starch of maize grain. A field study was conducted at Jackson and Grand Junction, TN, during 2012 and 2013, with NPKBriq, OENF, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) (+P and K), and urea (+P and K) as the main treatments and 0, 85, 128, and 170 kg N ha−1 as the sub treatments under a randomized complete block split plot design with four replicates. The fiber concentration was more responsive to the fertilizer source than the protein, oil, ash, and starch concentrations. OENF resulted in a higher fiber concentration than NPKBriq at 85 kg N ha−1 in 2013, averaged over the two sites. Both OENF and NPKBriq had nearly no significant effects on the concentrations of the quality attributes compared with ammonium sulfate and urea. In conclusion, the nutrient-balanced NPKBriq exerts the same or greater effects on maize grain quality relative to the commonly used nutrient management practices of urea (+P and K) and ammonium sulfate (+P and K) under normal weather conditions. OENF is an alternate N source to urea and ammonium sulfate for similar to higher maize grain quality.

scholarly journals Nutrient management practices for improved crop and water productivity, grain quality and energy productivity of promising rice cultivars in Eastern Himalayas

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
M.N. Harish ◽  
◽  
A.K. Choudhary ◽  
Y.V. Singh ◽  
V. Pooniya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aim: To assess the influence of nutrient management practices on crop and water productivity, grain quality, energy productivity and profitability in promising rice genotypes of Eastern Himalayas. Methodology: An experiment was conducted at ‘Lowland Research Block’ of ICAR–RC–NEHR, Barapani, Meghalaya to assess the influence of different nutrient management practices [Organic nutrient management (through FYM + remaining P through rock phosphate); integrated nutrient management (INM) (50% NPK through fertilizers + 50% N through FYM + remaining P through rock phosphate); inorganic nutrient management (fertilizers); and absolute control] and rice varieties [Shahsarang–1, Lumpnah and Megha semi-aromatic–2] on productivity, quality, energetic and profitability replicated thrice in a split-plot design. Results: Rice grain yield was significantly higher in INM practice (4.18 t ha-1) followed by inorganic (4.02 t ha-1) and organic practice (3.74 t ha-1). INM practice exhibited highest hulling (68.6%), milling (59.9%), head-rice recovery (53.6%), protein content (7.56%) and protein yield (329 kg ha-1) followed by inorganic, organic practice and control, respectively. However, gross and net returns and B: C ratio were significantly greater in inorganic practice followed by INM practice. Highest TWUE (3.17 kg ha-1 mm-1), water productivity (47.6 INR ha-1 mm-1), energy output (140342 MJ ha-1) as well as net energy (130813 MJ ha-1) were recorded in INM practice. Interpretation: INM practice and rice variety ‘Shahsarang–1’ can be recommended to farmers for enhancing the rice productivity, profitability, resource-use efficiency and soil health in eastern Himalayan region of India. Key words: Energetics, Grain quality, Integrated nutrient management, Rice varieties, Water-use efficiency

Phenotypic predictors of dent maize grain quality based on different genetics and management practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 103388
Author(s):  
Maryam Rahimi Jahangirlou ◽  
Gholam Abbas Akbari ◽  
Iraj Alahdadi ◽  
Saeid Soufizadeh ◽  
Cameron Ludemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maize Grain

Variety × Nutrient management interaction in greengram for important yield attributes under rainfed red lateritic inceptisol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Mishra ◽  
B. S. Rath ◽  
S. K. Mukhi ◽  
S. S. Mishra ◽  
S. K. Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nutrient Treatment ◽  
Rainfed Upland ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean

The effect of five nutrient management practices on the yield and yield attributes, nutrient uptake and rain water use efficiency in four greengram varieties (Dhauli, Pusa-9531, OBGG-52 and Nayagarh Local) in rainfed upland inceptisol with sandy- loam soil was studied in factorial RBD with three replications during Kharif 2009 to 2012. Significant variety × nutrient interaction was observed with respect to seed yield, nodulation and other yield attributing characters. Based on the mean data over four years (2009-2012), highest seed yield of 5.84 q ha-1 was observed in Pusa 9531 with lime+50% organic+ 50% inorganic treatment followed by Dhauli (5.53 q ha-1) with the same nutrient treatment. Highest RWUE was found in Lime + 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in all the varieties followed by 100% organic treatment in Dhauli, Pusa-9531 and OBGG-52 but in 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in case of Nayagarh Local. The uptake of N, P and K was also observed to be the highest in Lime + 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in all the varieties.

Yield improvement and adaptation of wheat to water-limited environments in Australia—a case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 676 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Richards ◽  
J. R. Hunt ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. B. Passioura
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Rainfed Wheat

The improvement in grain yield of wheat throughout Australia through both breeding and management has been impressive. Averaged across all farms, there has been an approximate doubling of yield per unit area since ~1940. This has occurred across a broad range of environments with different rainfall patterns. Interestingly, the gain in the driest years (9 kg ha–1 year–1 or 0.81% year–1) has been proportionally greater than in the most favourable years (13.2 kg ha–1 year–1 or 0.61% per year) when expressed as yield relative to 2012. These data from all farms suggest that further yield progress is likely, and evidence is presented that improved management practices alone could double this rate of progress. The yield increases achieved have been without any known compromise in grain quality or disease resistance. As expected, improvements have come from both changed management and from better genetics, as well as from the synergy between them. Yield improvements due to changed management have been dramatic and are easiest to quantify, whereas those from breeding have been important but more subtle. The management practices responsible have largely been driven by advances in mechanisation that enable direct seeding, more timely and flexible sowing and nutrient management, and improved weed and pest control, many of which have been facilitated by improved crop sequences with grain legumes and oilseeds that improve water- and nutrient-use efficiency. Most of the yield improvements from breeding in Australia have come from conventional breeding approaches where selection is almost solely for grain yield (together with grain quality and disease resistance). Improvements have primarily been through increased harvest index (HI), although aboveground biomass has also been important. We discuss future opportunities to further increase Australian rainfed wheat yields. An important one is earlier planting, which increases resource capture. This will require knowledge of the genes regulating phenological development so that flowering still occurs at the optimum time; appropriate modifications to sowing arrangements and nutrient management will also be required. To improve yield potential, we propose a focus on physiological traits that increase biomass and HI and suggest that there may be more scope to improve biomass than HI. In addition, there are likely to be important opportunities to combine novel management practices with new breeding traits to capture the synergy possible from variety × management interactions. Finally, we comment on research aimed at adapting agriculture to climate change.

scholarly journals Integrated Weed and Nutrient Management Improve Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economics of Maize in the Rice-Maize Cropping System of Eastern India

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
Dibakar Ghosh ◽  
Koushik Brahmachari ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Peter Ondrisik ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Maize Grain

Increasing productivity of maize while decreasing production costs and maintaining soil health are emerging challenges for the rice–maize system in South Asia. A range of integrated nutrient and weed management practices were tested in winter maize for their effects on yield, profitability, and soil health. The nutrient management treatments were a partial substitution of nitrogen with bulky (Farmyard manure; vermicompost) and concentrated organic manures (Brassicaceous seed meal, BSM; neem cake), whereas weed management practices compared chemical controls only versus an integrated approach. The N supplementation through BSM diminished the weed growth by reducing weed N uptake, and enhanced the maize crop uptake of nutrients. As compared to the sole chemical approach, atrazine-applied pre-emergence followed by hoeing reduced weed density by 58 and 67% in years 1 and 2, respectively. The N supplementation through BSM resulted in the maximum yield of maize grain (6.13 and 6.50 t ha−1 in year 1 and year 2, respectively) and this treatment increased yield in year 2 compared to N application through synthetic fertilizer. Hoeing in conjugation with herbicide enhanced the maize grain yield by 9% over herbicide alone. The maximum net return and economic efficiency were achieved with the application of BSM for N supplementation, together with the integrated weed management practice.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation and Preplant Nitrogen Fertilizer Source on Maize in the Southern Great Plains

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob T. Bushong ◽  
Eric C. Miller ◽  
Jeremiah L. Mullock ◽  
D. Brian Arnall ◽  
William R. Raun
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Urea Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
N Use

With the demand for maize increasing, production has spread into more water limited, semiarid regions. Couple this with the increasing nitrogen (N) fertilizer costs and environmental concerns and the need for proper management practices has increased. A trial was established to evaluate the effects of different preplant N fertilizer sources on maize cultivated under deficit irrigation or rain-fed conditions on grain yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and water use efficiency (WUE). Two fertilizer sources, ammonium sulfate (AS) and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), applied at two rates, 90 and 180 kg N ha−1, were evaluated across four site-years. Deficit irrigation improved grain yield, WUE, and NUE compared to rain-fed conditions. The preplant application of a pure ammoniacal source of N fertilizer, such as AS, had a tendency to increase grain yields and NUE for rain-fed treatments. Under irrigated conditions, the use of UAN as a preplant N fertilizer source performed just as well or better at improving grain yield compared to AS, as long as the potential N loss mechanisms were minimized. Producers applying N preplant as a single application should adjust rates based on a reasonable yield goal and production practice.

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