scholarly journals Survey of Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus in the Canal Point Breeding and Cultivar Development Program

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1948
Author(s):  
Sushma Sood ◽  
Wayne R. Davidson ◽  
Miguel Baltazar
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Yellow Leaf Disease ◽  
Tissue Blot Immunoassay ◽  
Seed Increase ◽  
Leaf Virus

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), a Polerovirus in the family Luteoviridea, causes yellow leaf disease (YLD). Yield losses from YLD have been reported from several countries in both symptomatic and asymptomatic sugarcane cultivars. The breeding nursery at Canal Point (CP) in 2016 and primary and secondary seed increases in the CP cultivar development program at grower’s farm from 2015 to 2019 were surveyed for SCYLV infection by the tissue-blot immunoassay using polyclonal antibodies raised against SCYLV. More than 32% of varieties in the CP breeding nursery were infected with SCYLV in 2016. The SCYLV data of primary and secondary seedcane increases from 2015 to 2019 showed that out of 54 varieties screened at different locations, 12 had no SCYLV-positive plants, 24 had less than 5%, 5 had 6% to 12%, and 13 had 20% to 75% of the plants infected with SCYLV. The SCYLV screenings in varieties in the primary and secondary seed increase plantings provide growers an opportunity to acquire virus-free clean seedcane by apical meristem propagation to minimize the spread of the SCYLV and avoid yield losses.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Disease

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2005 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack C. Comstock ◽  
Robert A. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Electronic Publication ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Yellow Leaf Disease ◽  
Leaf Virus

Sugarcane Yellow Leaf disease was first recognized as Yellow Leaf Syndrome during the 1980s in Hawaii. Later it was reportedly associated with yield losses of 25% or more in the cultivar SP 71-6163 in Brazil. Subsequently the virus sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus (SCYLV) was discovered to be associated with the disease. Yellow leaf has been found in numerous countries of the world. However, somewhat confusedly, another disease, “leaf yellows”, has been found in other areas. Although it has similar symptoms, it is caused by a phytoplasm rather than a virus. To date, this phytoplasm pathogen has not been identified on sugarcane in Florida. This document is SS-AGR-256, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. This publication is also a part of the Florida Sugarcane Handbook, an electronic publication of the Agronomy Department. Original publication date: September 2005.

scholarly journals Comparative genomics reveals insights into genetic variability and molecular evolution among sugarcane yellow leaf virus populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Ju Lu ◽  
Er-Qi He ◽  
Wen-Qing Bao ◽  
Jian-Sheng Chen ◽  
Sheng-Ren Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
Yellow Leaf Disease ◽  
Leaf Virus ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractYellow leaf disease caused by sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. In this study, six near-complete genome sequences of SCYLV were determined to be 5775–5881 bp in length. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two SCYLV isolates from Réunion Island, France, and four from China were clustered into REU and CUB genotypes, respectively, based on 50 genomic sequences (this study = 6, GenBank = 44). Meanwhile, all 50 isolates were clustered into three phylogroups (G1–G3). Twelve significant recombinant events occurred in intra- and inter-phylogroups between geographical origins and host crops. Most recombinant hotspots were distributed in coat protein read-through protein (RTD), followed by ORF0 (P0) and ORF1 (P1). High genetic divergences of 12.4% for genomic sequences and 6.0–24.9% for individual genes were determined at nucleotide levels. The highest nucleotide diversity (π) was found in P0, followed by P1 and RdRP. In addition, purifying selection was a main factor restricting variability in SCYLV populations. Infrequent gene flow between Africa and the two subpopulations (Asia and America) were found, whereas frequent gene flow between Asia and America subpopulations was observed. Taken together, our findings facilitate understanding of genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of SCYLV.

scholarly journals Variation in Infection Capacity and in Virulence Exists Between Genotypes of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Abu Ahmad ◽  
Laurent Costet ◽  
Jean-Heinrich Daugrois ◽  
Samuel Nibouche ◽  
Philippe Letourmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Melanaphis Sacchari ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
Tissue Blot Immunoassay ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Leaf Virus ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Two experiments, one in Guadeloupe and one in Réunion Island, were performed to transmit different genotypes of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) to eight sugarcane cultivars differing in resistance to infection by the virus and to yellow leaf. Transmission was attempted from SCYLV-infected sugarcane plants or leaves to healthy tissue-cultured plantlets grown in vitro and with the aphid vector Melanaphis sacchari. After inoculation and elimination of insects with an insecticide, plantlets were transferred to Montpellier, France and grown in a greenhouse. Plants were tested for presence of SCYLV by tissue-blot immunoassay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction after 5 to 6 months of growth. SCYLV genotypes BRA-PER, CUB, and REU were detected in 47, 62, and 39% of plants inoculated with these genotypes in Guadeloupe, respectively. SCYLV genotypes BRA-PER and REU and a mixed infection of genotypes BRA-PER and REU were detected in 56, 33, and 42% of plants inoculated with these genotypes in Réunion Island, respectively. Genotypes BRA-PER and CUB could be transmitted to all eight sugarcane cultivars, but genotype REU could never be transmitted to resistant sugarcane cvs. H78-4153 and H78-3567. SCYLV genotype REU was transmitted successfully to sugarcane cv. R570 in Guadeloupe, but not in Réunion Island. Genotypes BRA-PER and CUB induced yellow leaf symptoms in susceptible or highly susceptible sugarcane cultivars, whereas genotype REU induced very few symptoms. SCYLV was not found in several symptomatic plants, suggesting an association of disease with undetectable populations of the virus or a nonviral cause. This is the first report of variation in infection capacity and in virulence of SCYLV.

scholarly journals First Report of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) in Costa Rica

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 919-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Avila ◽  
M. C. Arrieta ◽  
W. Villalobos ◽  
L. Moireira ◽  
E. Chavarría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
San Carlos ◽  
Symptomatic Plant ◽  
Leaf Virus

In Costa Rica, sugarcane plants with symptoms similar to those described for yellow leaf syndrome (YLS) (1,2) were first observed in 1994 in research plots of imported material in the midland areas of San Carlos and Turrialba. Recently, the same symptoms have been observed in commercial plantations in Turrialba. Symptomatic plants were characterized by yellowing of the leaves and central veins, the yellowing being more intense near the leaf tips. In severe cases, veins became reddish, and necrosis developed along the leaf edges, beginning at the leaf tip and extending to the base of the leaf. Growth of stems and roots was also reduced in infected plants. Minipurifications of six plants of four different varieties were examined by immunospecific electron microscopy (ISEM) using polyclonal antibodies (1). They were: one symptomatic plant each of the varieties H782313 and H608521; two symptomatic plants of H657052, and one asymptomatic plant each of H608521 and H827318. Isometric particles of approximately 28 nm were observed in the asymptomatic H827318 plant and in all symptomatic plants, with the exception of one plant of H657052. The size and morphology of the particles was similar to those reported for Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) (2). The presence of ScYLV was verified by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal antibodies (1). Twenty-two of 24 symptomatic plants and five of 13 asymptomatic plants were positive for ScYLV. These findings confirm the association of ScYLV with the yellows syndrome of sugarcane observed in Costa Rica. However, as was also reported by Scaglusi and Lockhart (1), ScYLV was not detected in several symptomatic plants, and research is continuing to determine whether other pathogens are associated with this syndrome in Costa Rica. References: (1) S. Scagliusi and B. E. L. Lockhart. Phytopathology 90:120, 2000; (2) J. Vega et al. Plant Dis. 81:21, 1997.

scholarly journals Report of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in Ecuador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Comstock ◽  
M. Pena ◽  
J. Vega ◽  
A. Fors ◽  
B. E. L. Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
Central American ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Tissue Blot Immunoassay ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
And Control ◽  
Leaf Virus

In 1998, sugarcane plants with symptoms similar to yellow leaf syndrome were observed in Ecuador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. These plants showed yellowing of the central portion of the third to sixth leaves on the abaxial surface from the youngest expanding spindle leaf. Intense yellowing and necrosis of the leaf tip and the central portion of the leaf blade near the midrib occurred in severe cases. A tissue blot immunoassay was used to detect Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) in the midrib of the top visible dewlap leaf (2) using an antiserum specific to a Florida isolate of SCYLV (1). Since the virus can be detected in asymptomatic plants, leaf samples were collected from both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. Symptom expression was most intense in plants at maturity that were under stress. Cut ends of leaf samples were imprinted on nitrocellulose membranes in the country of origin, and control samples of healthy and SCYLV-infected leaves were imprinted in Florida on each membrane prior to serological processing. The results from the following locations and cultivars, and the ratio of SCYLV-positive samples over the total samples is indicated: Milagro, Ecuador, PR 70-2085 (11/24) and PR 76-3385 (48/63) in 1999; Escuintla, Guatemala, CP 57-603 (1/10), CP 73-1547 (0/10), CP 72-2086 (120/308), PR 75-2002 (8/11), PR 78-294 (10/10), and PR 87-2080 (13/13) in both 2000 and 2001; Tipitapa, Nicaragua, L 68-40 (21/70) in 1998; and Chinandega, Nicaragua, CP 72-2086 (30/30) and CP 74-2005 (13/45) in 2000. CP 72-2086 is a major commercial cultivar in Central American countries and was infected in both Guatemala and Nicaragua. SCYLV was detected in 9 of 10 cultivars sampled. An exception was noticed in CP 73-1547 in Guatemala where none of the 10 plants tested were infected; however this cultivar has a high incidence of SCYLV in Florida. Only 1 of 10 samples of CP 57-603 was SCYLV positive in Guatemala; however, this cultivar has a low incidence of infection in Florida and is considered more resistant than the other CP cultivars sampled. To our knowledge, this is the first report SCYLV in Ecuador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. References: (1) S. M. Scagliusi and B. E. L. Lockhart. Phytopathology 90:120, 2000. (2) S. Schenck et al. Sugar Cane 4:5, 1997.

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