scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Two Rice Cultivation Systems Compared to an Agroforestry Cultivation System

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ibonne Geaneth Valenzuela-Balcázar ◽  
Efraín Francisco Visconti-Moreno ◽  
Ángel Faz ◽  
José A. Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Crop Root ◽  
Management Changes

After changes in tillage on croplands, it is necessary to assess the effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in order to identify if soil is a sink or emitter of carbon to the atmosphere. This study was conducted in two plots of rice cultivation, where tillage and water management changes occurred. A third plot of native forest with Cacao trees was used as reference soil (agroforestry). For SOC balance estimation, measurement of organic carbon (OC) inputs was determined from necromass, roots, microbial biomass, and urea applications. CO2 and CH4 emissions were also measured. Results showed that the change in the use of irrigation and tillage in rice cultivation did not cause significant differences in OC inputs to soil or in outputs due to carbon emissions. Further-more, it was found that both irrigation and tillage management systems in rice cultivation com-pared with agroforestry were management systems with a negative difference between OC inputs and outputs due to CO2 emissions associated with intense stimulation of crop root respiration and microbial activity. The comparison of SOC dynamics between the agroforestry system and rice cultivation systems showed that an agroforestry system is a carbon sink with a positive OC dynamic.

scholarly journals Permafrost-Affected Soils of the Russian Arctic and their Carbon Pools

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 619-655
Author(s):  
S. Zubrzycki ◽  
L. Kutzbach ◽  
E.-M. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Climate System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Abstract. Permafrost-affected soils have accumulated enormous pools of organic matter during the Quaternary Period. The area occupied by these soils amounts to more than 8.6 million km2, which is about 27% of all land areas north of 50° N. Therefore, permafrost-affected soils are considered to be one of the most important cryosphere elements within the climate system. Due to the cryopedogenic processes that form these particular soils and the overlying vegetation that is adapted to the arctic climate, organic matter has accumulated to the present extent of up to 1024 Pg (1 Pg = 1015 g = 1 Gt) of soil organic carbon stored within the uppermost three meters of ground. Considering the observed progressive climate change and the projected polar amplification, permafrost-affected soils will undergo fundamental property changes. Higher turnover and mineralization rates of the organic matter are consequences of these changes, which are expected to result in an increased release of climate-relevant trace gases into the atmosphere. As a result, permafrost regions with their distinctive soils are likely to trigger an important tipping point within the global climate system, with additional political and social implications. The controversy of whether permafrost regions continue accumulating carbon or already function as a carbon source remains open until today. An increased focus on this subject matter, especially in underrepresented Siberian regions, could contribute to a more robust estimation of the soil organic carbon pool of permafrost regions and at the same time improve the understanding of the carbon sink and source functions of permafrost-affected soils.

scholarly journals Distribution Characteristic of Soil Organic Carbon Fraction in Different Types of Wetland in Hongze Lake of China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lu ◽  
Hongwen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Estuarine Wetland ◽  
Correlative Analysis ◽  
Hongze Lake ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions

Soil organic carbon fractions included microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and labile organic carbon (LOC), which was investigated over a 0–20 cm depth profile in three types of wetland in Hongze Lake of China. Their ecoenvironmental effect and the relationships with soil organic carbon (SOC) were analyzed in present experiment. The results showed that both active and SOC contents were in order reduced by estuarine wetland, flood plain, and out-of-lake wetland. Pearson correlative analysis indicated that MBC and DOC were positively related to SOC. The lowest ratios of MBC and DOC to SOC in the estuarine wetland suggested that the turnover rate of microbial active carbon pool was fairly low in this kind of wetland. Our results showed that estuarine wetland had a strong carbon sink function, which played important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions; besides, changes of water condition might affect the accumulation and decomposition of organic carbon in the wetland soils.

Effects of Conventional Tillage and Conservation Tillage on Soil Organic Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3832-3836
Author(s):  
Song Wei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices

For the last decades, because of increasing attention to global change, the carbon cycle in the terrestrial ecosystem has become a hotspot problem for every country. It has 1.6 Pg/a C to release into atmosphere because of the irrational land-use, quickening the step of global warming trend. But agricultural soil has the double-sword effects. If improper soil tillage practices are adopted, agricultural soil may become the source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. And if adopting effective management measurement and scientific tillage technology, agricultural soil may become carbon sink. This paper reviewed the effects of conventional tillage and conservation tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC), and found that conservation tillage has a huge potential for sequestrating organic carbon compared with conventional tillage. Finally, the important significance of agriculture soil carbon sequestration was discussed in detail.

scholarly journals CO2 emissions and soil carbon mineralisation under different systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
André Carlos Auler ◽  
Hagata Hennipman ◽  
Filipe Jacques ◽  
Jucimare Romaniw ◽  
Aghata Charnobay
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Fruit Orchard ◽  
Conventional Ct

Usage and management alter the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). The aim of this study was to compare the CO2 emissions in a Typic Humudept under different uses, and to relate the effects of CO2 emissions to the organic carbon content of the soil. Soil samples were collected from the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.15 and 0.15-0.20 m layers under the following agricultural systems: no-tillage (NT), conventional (CT) and fruit orchard (FO). Samples were also collected from an area of native forest (NF) adopted as reference. The variables under evaluation were CO2 emissions and SOC content. Interaction between the usage or management systems and the soil layers influenced CO2 emissions in the soil. However, there was a difference in CO2 emissions between the soil layers under NF and CT only. In the 0-0.20 m layer, there was no difference in CO2 emissions under FO or CT, however these were greater than under NF or NT. In turn, the emissions under NT were lower than under NF at this layer. Furthermore, the systems with greater CO2 emissions showed less SOC. As such, in a Typic Humudept, the no-tillage management system results in reduced CO2 emissions. Greater SOC mineralisation has a direct impact on higher CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Permafrost-affected soils and their carbon pools with a focus on the Russian Arctic

Solid Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zubrzycki ◽  
L. Kutzbach ◽  
E.-M. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Organic Carbon Pool ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Abstract. Permafrost-affected soils have accumulated enormous pools of organic matter during the Quaternary period. The area occupied by these soils amounts to more than 8.6 million km2, which is about 27% of all land areas north of 50° N. Therefore, permafrost-affected soils are considered to be one of the important cryosphere elements within the climate system. Due to the cryopedogenic processes that form these particular soils and the overlying vegetation that is adapted to the arctic climate, organic matter has accumulated to the present extent of up to 1024 Pg (1 Pg = 1015 g = 1 Gt) of soil organic carbon stored within the uppermost 3 m of ground. Considering the observed progressive climate change and the projected polar amplification, permafrost-affected soils will undergo fundamental property changes. Higher turnover and mineralisation rates of the organic matter are consequences of these changes, which are expected to result in an increased release of climate-relevant trace gases into the atmosphere. The controversy of whether permafrost regions continue accumulating carbon or already function as a carbon source remains open until today. An increased focus on this subject matter, especially in underrepresented Siberian regions, could contribute to a more robust estimation of the soil organic carbon pool of permafrost regions and at the same time improve the understanding of the carbon sink and source functions of permafrost-affected soils.

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