scholarly journals Lethality of Phasmarhabditis spp. (P. hermaphrodita, P. californica, and P. papillosa) Nematodes to the Grey Field Slug Deroceras reticulatum on Canna Lilies in a Lath House

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Jacob Schurkman ◽  
Christine Dodge ◽  
Rory Mc Donnell ◽  
Irma Tandingan De Ley ◽  
Adler R. Dillman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Deroceras Reticulatum ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Simulated Environment

The grey field slug, Deroceras reticulatum, is an agricultural pest causing damage to a wide variety of crops each year. The nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita has been shown to effectively kill this slug in field-simulated conditions, leading to its widespread use as a biological control agent in Europe. However, recently discovered isolates of Phasmarhabditis from California have not been tested in a field-simulated environment. The lethality of three local isolates of Phasmarhabditis (P. hermaphrodita, P. californica, & P. papillosa) as well as the molluscicide Sluggo Plus® was assessed on D. reticulatum in a lath house. Remaining leaf area on Canna lilies and slug mortality were recorded after 3 weeks of exposure to treatments. Local isolates efficiently killed D. reticulatum and protection from leaf damage was attained by treatment with P. papillosa. Further experimentation is required to assess plant protection afforded by Phasmarhabditis as plants in some trials may have been in poor health. The three tested Phasmarhabditis isolates are reasonable candidates for biological control within the United States but additional information, particularly on the lethality to non-target gastropods, is needed before an informed decision on their use can be made.

scholarly journals Field demonstration of a semiochemical treatment that enhances Diorhabda carinulata biological control of Tamarix spp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Gaffke ◽  
Sharlene E. Sing ◽  
Tom L. Dudley ◽  
Daniel W. Bean ◽  
Justin A. Russak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Tamarix Spp

Abstract The northern tamarisk beetle Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers) was approved for release in the United States for classical biological control of a complex of invasive saltcedar species and their hybrids (Tamarix spp.). An aggregation pheromone used by D. carinulata to locate conspecifics is fundamental to colonization and reproductive success. A specialized matrix formulated for controlled release of this aggregation pheromone was developed as a lure to manipulate adult densities in the field. One application of the lure at onset of adult emergence for each generation provided long term attraction and retention of D. carinulata adults on treated Tamarix spp. plants. Treated plants exhibited greater levels of defoliation, dieback and canopy reduction. Application of a single, well-timed aggregation pheromone treatment per generation increased the efficacy of this classical weed biological control agent.

scholarly journals Trissolcus hyalinipennis Rajmohana & Narendran (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), a parasitoid of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), emerges in North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 111-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽  
Elijah J. Talamas ◽  
Marie-Claude Bon ◽  
Brian V. Brown ◽  
Lisa Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Malaise Trap ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
In The Wild

TrissolcushyalinipennisRajmohana & Narendran is an Old World egg parasitoid ofBagradahilaris(Burmeister). Its potential as a classical biological control agent in the United States has been under evaluation in quarantine facilities since 2014. A survey of resident egg parasitoids using fresh sentinelB.hilariseggs in Riverside, California, revealed thatT.hyalinipennisis present in the wild. Four cards with parasitized eggs were recovered, from which one yielded a single liveT.hyalinipennisand two unidentified dead wasps (Scelionidae), and three yielded twenty liveTrissolcusbasalis(Wollaston) and one dead wasp. Subsequently, samples from Burbank, California, collected with a Malaise trap as part of the BioSCAN project, yielded five females ofT.hyalinipennis. It is presumed that the introduction ofT.hyalinipennisto this area was accidental. Surveys will be continued to evaluate the establishment ofT.hyalinipennisas well as the presence of other resident parasitoid species.

scholarly journals New genera and species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from China and South Korea

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2083 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. LOPATIN ◽  
A. S. KONSTANTINOV
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Paederia Foetida ◽  
Noxious Weed

Two new genera from China (Taumaceroides Lopatin and Yunnaniata Lopatin) and 11 new species (Smaragdina quadrimaculata Lopatin, S. oblongum Lopatin, Hyphaenia volkovitshi Lopatin, Arthrotus daliensis Lopatin, Taumaceroides sinicus Lopatin, Yunnaniata konstantinovi Lopatin, Calomicrus yunnanus Lopatin, C. minutissimus Lopatin, Hermaeophaga belkadavi Konstantinov, H. dali Konstantinov from China, and H. korotyaevi Konstantinov from South Korea) are described and illustrated. A key to Hermaeophaga species of Eurasia is presented. Since Hermaeophaga dali was collected feeding on Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae), which is an invasive noxious weed in the United States, this species has potential as a biological control agent of this weed.

scholarly journals Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ALB65 Inhibits the Growth of Listeria monocytogenes on Cantaloupe Melons

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thao D. Tran ◽  
Celia Del Cid ◽  
Robert Hnasko ◽  
Lisa Gorski ◽  
Jeffery A. McGarvey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes high rates of hospitalization and mortality in people infected. Contamination of fresh, ready to eat produce by this pathogen is especially troubling because of the ability of this bacterium to grow on produce under refrigeration temperatures. In this study, we created a library of over 8,000 plant phyllosphere-associated bacteria and screened them for the ability to inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes in an in vitro fluorescence-based assay. One isolate, later identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ALB65, was able to inhibit the fluorescence of L. monocytogenes by >30-fold in vitro. B. amyloliquefaciens ALB65 was also able to grow, persist, and reduce the growth of L. monocytogenes by >1.5 log CFU on cantaloupe melon rinds inoculated with 5 × 103 CFU at 30°C and was able to completely inhibit its growth at temperatures below 8°C. DNA sequence analysis of the B. amyloliquefaciens ALB65 genome revealed six gene clusters that are predicted to encode genes for antibiotic production; however, no plant or human virulence factors were identified. These data suggest that B. amyloliquefaciens ALB65 is an effective and safe biological control agent for the reduction of L. monocytogenes growth on intact cantaloupe melons and possibly other types of produce. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to cause disease in approximately 1,600 to 2,500 people in the United States every year. The largest known outbreak of listeriosis in the United States was associated with intact cantaloupe melons in 2011, resulting in 147 hospitalizations and 33 deaths. In this study, we demonstrated that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ALB65 is an effective biological control agent for the reduction of L. monocytogenes growth on intact cantaloupe melons under both pre- and postharvest conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that B. amyloliquefaciens ALB65 can completely inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes during cold storage (<8°C).

A REARING METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LARGE NUMBERS OF THE INSIDIOUS FLOWER BUG, ORIUS INSIDIOSUS (SAY) (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Schmidt ◽  
P.C. Richards ◽  
H. Nadel ◽  
G. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Insidious Flower Bug

The western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergrande)] (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major pest of greenhouse crops (Broadbent et al. 1987; van der Veire and Degheele 1992; Chambers et al. 1993). Chemical control of F. occidentalis is difficult because of its cryptic behaviour and widespread resistance to insecticides (Immaraju et al. 1992). The insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus (Say), is widely promoted as an effective biological control agent for this pest (Chambers et al. 1993; van der Veire and Degheele 1992; Castane and Zalom 1994) and its use has increased steadily since their introduction in the late 1980s. When our project was initiated in 1989, O. insidiosus was a little known and largely unavailable biological control agent. Now there are several domestic and international commercial sources of Orius spp. and these predatory bugs have become a focus of research in Canada, the United States, and Europe. At first it was difficult and costly to maintain cultures of only 100 or 200 individuals but now we can rear 50000 — 100000 Orius per week for less than $0.03 (Canadian) each.

Impact ofCeutorhynchus liturafeeding on root carbohydrate levels in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Hein ◽  
Robert G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Perennial Weed ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
The Impact

Canada thistle is a serious perennial weed found throughout the northern regions of the United States and Canada. The weevil,Ceutorhynchus litura(F.), was first released in Canada in 1965 as a potential biological control agent for Canada thistle; however, its impact as a control agent has been sporadic. The objective of this study was to characterizeC. lituraimpacts on the carbohydrate profile in Canada thistle roots through the growing season and to evaluate the potential for this biological control agent in causing stress to Canada thistle. Field plots, infested withC. litura, were established and extensively sampled forC. liturainfestations. By samplingC. litura–damaged and undamaged Canada thistle shoots–roots through the season, we were able to establish the profile of free sugars and fructans in the roots and compare these levels to the presence and extent of insect damage. Levels of all free sugars and fructans were consistently found to be depressed in roots fromC. litura–damaged shoots early in the summer during and shortly after the larval feeding period.Ceutorhynchus liturafeeding in Canada thistle shoots appears to disrupt the movement of photoassimilates from leaves to roots. Late-season levels of free sugars and fructans indicate that roots do recover from these depressed levels, and in several instances, significant overcompensation occurred in the damaged roots. Measurement of free sugars and fructans to identify sublethal impacts of control tactics may allow the strategic combining of complementary tactics to maximize the impact of stresses on Canada thistle.

Biology ofPterolonche inspersa (Lep.: Pterolonchidae), a biological control agent forCentaurea diffusa andC. maculosa in the United States

Entomophaga ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Campobasso ◽  
R. Sobhian ◽  
L. Knutson ◽  
A. C. Pastorino ◽  
P. H. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent
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