Pre-Sowing Irrigation Plus Surface Fertilization Improves Morpho-Physiological Traits and Sustaining Water-Nitrogen Productivity of Cotton

The changing climatic conditions are causing erratic rains and frequent episodes of moisture stress; these impose a great challenge to cotton productivity by negatively affecting plant physiological, biochemical and molecular processes. This situation requires an efficient management of water-nutrient to achieve optimal crop production. Wise use of water-nutrient in cotton production and improved water use-efficiency may help to produce more crop per drop. We hypothesized that the application of nitrogen into deep soil layers can improve water-nitrogen productivity by promoting root growth and functional attributes of cotton crop. To test this hypothesis, a two-year pot experiment under field conditions was conducted to explore the effects of two irrigation levels (i.e., pre-sowing irrigation (W80) and no pre-sowing irrigation (W0)) combined with different fertilization methods (i.e., surface application (F10) and deep application (F30)) on soil water content, soil available nitrogen, roots morpho-physiological attributes, dry mass and water-nitrogen productivity of cotton. W80 treatment increased root length by 3.1%–17.5% in the 0–40 cm soil layer compared with W0. W80 had 11.3%–52.9% higher root nitrate reductase activity in the 10–30 cm soil layer and 18.8%–67.9% in the 60–80 cm soil layer compared with W0. The W80F10 resulted in 4.3%–44.1% greater root nitrate reductase activity compared with other treatments in the 0–30 cm soil layer at 54–84 days after emergence. Water-nitrogen productivity was positively associated with dry mass, water consumption, root length and root nitrate reductase activity. Our data highlighted that pre-sowing irrigation coupled with basal surface fertilization is a promising option in terms of improved cotton root growth. Functioning in the surface soil profile led to a higher reproductive organ biomass production and water-nitrogen productivity.

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The relation between nitrate reductase activity and grain nitrogen productivity in wheat

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9750001 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

MJ Dalling ◽

GM Halloran ◽

JH Wilson

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Plant Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Productivity ◽

Nitrogen Redistribution ◽

Total Plant ◽

Grain Nitrogen

The seasonal patterns of leaf nitrate reductase activity were compared in five wheat cultivars which differ widely in their capacities to accumulate grain nitrogen. Significant differences in the average levels of nitrate reductase activity were observed between cultivars. Total seasonal nitrate reductase activity was closely related to total plant nitrogen at maturity. Grain nitrogen was only related to total seasonal nitrate reductase activity when allowance was made for significant differences between cultivars in nitrogen redistribution patterns. The significance of these results with respect to the possible use of nitrate reductase activity levels as a selection criterion for nitrogen productivity is discussed.

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Contribution of the Root System to Nitrate Assimilation in Whole Cotton Plants.

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp9770811 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 811 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

JW Radin

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Root Growth ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Nitrate Assimilation ◽

Relative Magnitude ◽

Balance Sheets ◽

Cotton Plants ◽

Reduced Nitrogen

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a species in which most nitrate is assimilated in the green shoot. A physiological role for the small amount of nitrate reductase activity in the roots can be questioned on the basis of relative magnitude. In this investigation, cotton plants were grown on nutrient solutions containing either 1 or 5 mM nitrate, and balance sheets were developed for the transport and metabolism of nitrate and reduced nitrogen in the root and shoot during exponential growth. At either nitrate level, assimilation in the roots was adequate to supply all the nitrogen for root growth. However, some of the reduced nitrogen was exported in the xylem, leaving a net deficit of about 10% at 1 mM nitrate and 36% at 5 mM nitrate. This deficit was presumably satisfied by reduced nitrogen from the shoot. Thus, at these two nitrate concentrations, root growth apparently depended more upon nitrogen assimilated in the roots themselves than upon nitrogen from the shoot. The different fates of nitrogen assimilated in the root and in the shoot may be related to the demonstrated differential regulation of nitrate reductase activity in these two sites.

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Nitrate reductase activity in chosen mosses: a case of study in skalny colliery waste tip / Aktywność reduktazy azotanowej u wybranych mchów na przykładzie hałdy powęglowej skalny

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology ◽

10.2478/cdem-2013-0018 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (1-2) ◽

pp. 61-68

Author(s):

Marek Krywult ◽

Anna Salachna ◽

Damian Chmura ◽

Jan Żarnowiec

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Stream Water ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Control Area ◽

High Dispersion ◽

Contaminated Waste ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite ◽

City Park

Abstract Two species of mosses in relation to nitrogen metabolism were examined. This subject is little known in this group of plant. Investigations of nitrate reductase activity in green tissues of Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. and Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P.Beauv. were performed. The study was conducted in two localities: heavy contaminated waste tip Skalny located in Upper Silesia, and Blonia City Park in Bielsko-Biala which place was chosen as a control area. For both species high activity of the enzyme was detected. The nitrate reductase activity varied between 99 to 9093 nmol per g dry mass per hour for B. rutabulum and 265 to 5135 nmol per g d.m. per hour of nitrite synthesized for A. undulatum respectively on Skalny waste tip. In the control area the results varied between 747 to 1077 for B. rutabulum and 171 to 518 nmol per g d.m. per hour of nitrite synthesized for A. undulatum, respectively. The differences were statistically significant only between the two species but not between habitats probably due to high dispersion and small amount of replications. The levels of nitrate and nitrite in stream water in both areas were also measured. In the Skalny waste tip there were high and reached 1.66 mg · dm-3 of nitrite and 65 mg · dm-3 of nitrate, respectively. In the control area these amounts were lower and reach zero level for nitrite and 4.5 mg · dm-3 of nitrate, respectively.

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Nitrate reductase activity and yield of dry mass and protein content in cucumber seedlings supplied with nitrates and ammonium

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.1979.037 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 465-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Buczek ◽

M. Burzyński

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Protein Content ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Sole Source ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Cucumber Seedlings ◽

Nr Activity

The presence of NH4+ ions in a nutrient solution containing NH4NO3 with the K+ ions removed, caused an inhibition of nitrate reductase (NR) activity in cucumber leaves. The lack of K+ in a NaNO3 medium also decreased the NR activity. Addition of K+ to these media suppressed the inhibitory effect of NH4+ and enhanced the NR activity in the leaves of plants growing in NaNO3 nutrient solution. The results suggest that K+ is essential for NO3- reduction, Na+ is less effective in this process, whereas NH4+ ions markedly inhibit NO3- reduction. The protein content and increment of dry mass of cucumber plants grown 10 days with NH4-N as the sole source of nitrogen was significantly lower as compared with NO3-N supplied plants feed with plants feed with both forms of mineral nitrogen (NH4NO3). The results show that cucumber prefers the nitrates, although it can utilize the ammonium form of nitrogen.

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Effect of copper on the dynamics of the increment of plant dry mass and on some physiological processes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1983.001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 36 (1-2) ◽

pp. 5-16

Author(s):

U. Wojcieska ◽

E. Wolska ◽

M. Ruszkowska

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Effect Of Copper

Experiments were undertaken in order to establish the influence of copper on the growth and yield of plants. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was grown in pots with peat enriched with mineral elements with the excluding of Cu. Copper was applied immediately after plant germination in doses of 0, 5 and 125 mg Cu per pot. In the form of CuSO4. During the vegetation period the following determinations were made: (a) dynamics of the increase of plant dry matter and of the assimilative surface, (b) chlorophyll content, (c) nitrate reductase activity and (d) intensity of photosynthesis and photosynthetic activity. The results indicate that copper deficit restricts the process of photosynthesis and the dynamics of dry mass increment. Differences in copper dosage did not have an immediate influence on the chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, only rather an intermediate effect through the influence on the process of ageing.

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Nitrate reductase activity and yield of Lens culinaris sprayed with 28-homobrassinolide

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.51.2003.4.2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 381-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Hayat ◽

A. Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Root Length ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Nodule Number ◽

Leaf Nitrate

Thirty-day-old plants of Lens culinaris (L.) Medic. cv. Pusa-6 were sprayed with 10-10, 10-8 or 10-6 M aqueous solutions of 28-homobrassinolide (HBR). Root length and nodule number per plant decreased, whereas the leaf nitrate reductase activity (E.C. 1.6.6.1) at 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing and the seed yield at harvest increased significantly in plants sprayed with either concentration of HBR. The values increased at first with an increase in the concentration of HBR but decreased with a further increase above 10-8M, which proved best for improving seed production.

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