scholarly journals A Comparison of the Colonic Microbiome and Volatile Organic Compound Metabolome of Anoplocephala perfoliata Infected and Non-Infected Horses: A Pilot Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Rachael Slater ◽  
Alessandra Frau ◽  
Jane Hodgkinson ◽  
Debra Archer ◽  
Chris Probert
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Volatile Organic

Anoplocephala perfoliata is a common equine tapeworm associated with an increased risk of colic (abdominal pain) in horses. Identification of parasite and intestinal microbiota interactions have consequences for understanding the mechanisms behind parasite-associated colic and potential new methods for parasite control. A. perfoliata was diagnosed by counting of worms in the caecum post-mortem. Bacterial DNA was extracted from colonic contents and sequenced targeting of the 16S rRNA gene (V4 region). The volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolome of colonic contents was characterised using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Bacterial diversity (alpha and beta) was similar between tapeworm infected and non-infected controls. Some compositional differences were apparent with down-regulation of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the symbiotic families of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae in the tapeworm-infected group. Overall tapeworm burden accounted for 7–8% of variation in the VOC profile (permutational multivariate analysis of variance). Integration of bacterial OTUs and VOCs demonstrated moderate to strong correlations indicating the potential of VOCs as markers for bacterial OTUs in equine colonic contents. This study has shown potential differences in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of A. perfoliata infected and non-infected horses. This pilot study did not control for extrinsic factors including diet, disease history and stage of infection.

scholarly journals Breathomics—exhaled volatile organic compound analysis to detect hepatic encephalopathy: a pilot study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 016012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Arasaradnam ◽  
M McFarlane ◽  
K Ling ◽  
S Wurie ◽  
N O’Connell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Detection of Microbial Nitroreductase Activity by Monitoring Exogenous Volatile Organic Compound Production Using HS-SPME-GC-MS

Separations ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ryan Thompson ◽  
John D. Perry ◽  
Stephen P. Stanforth ◽  
John R. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microbial Detection ◽  
Enzyme Substrates ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Nitroreductase Activity

Development of a rapid approach for universal microbial detection is required in the healthcare, food and environmental sectors to aid with medical intervention, food safety and environmental protection. This research investigates the use of enzymatic hydrolysis of a substrate by a microorganism to generate a volatile organic compound (VOC). One such enzyme activity that can be used in this context is nitroreductase as such activity is prevalent across a range of microorganisms. A study was developed to evaluate a panel of 51 microorganisms of clinical interest for their nitroreductase activity. Two enzyme substrates, nitrobenzene and 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene, were evaluated for this purpose with evolution, after incubation, of the VOCs aniline and 2-fluoroaniline, respectively. Detection of the VOCs was done using headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) with obtained limits of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.17 and 0.03 µg/mL for aniline and 2-fluoroaniline, respectively. The results indicated that both enzyme substrates were reduced by the same 84.3% of microorganisms producing the corresponding volatile anilines which were detected using HS-SPME-GC-MS. It was found that nitroreductase activity could be detected after 6–8 h of incubation for the selected pathogenic bacteria investigated. This approach shows promise as a rapid universal microbial detection system.

scholarly journals Hydroponic Basil Production: Temperature Influences Volatile Organic Compound Profile, but Not Overall Consumer Preference

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Kellie J. Walters ◽  
Roberto G. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Visual Attribute ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Production Temperature

Altering the growing temperature during controlled-environment production not only influences crop growth and development, but can also influence volatile organic compound (VOC) production and, subsequently, sensory attributes of culinary herbs. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the influence of mean daily temperature (MDT) and daily light integral (DLI) on key basil phenylpropanoid and terpenoid concentrations, (2) determine if differences in sensory characteristics due to MDT and DLI influence consumer preference, and (3) identify the sweet basil attributes consumers prefer. Thus, 2-week-old sweet basil ‘Nufar’ seedlings were transplanted into deep-flow hydroponic systems in greenhouses with target MDTs of 23, 26, 29, 32, or 35 °C and DLIs of 7, 9, or 12 mol·m−2·d−1. After three weeks, the two most recently mature leaves were harvested for gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and consumer sensory analysis. Panel evaluations were conducted through a sliding door with samples served individually while panelists answered Likert scale and open-ended quality attribute and sensory questions. The DLI did not influence VOC concentrations. Increasing MDT from 23 to 36 °C during production increased 1,8 cineole, eugenol, and methyl chavicol concentrations linearly and did not affect linalool concentration. The increases in phenylpropanoid (eugenol and methyl chavicol) were greater than increases in terpenoid (1,8 cineole) concentrations. However, these increases did not impact overall consumer or flavor preference. The MDT during basil production influenced appearance, texture, and color preference of panelists. Taken together, MDT during production influenced both VOC concentrations and textural and visual attribute preference of basil but did not influence overall consumer preference. Therefore, changing the MDT during production can be used to alter plant growth and development without significantly affecting consumer preference.

scholarly journals PTU-163 Urinary Volatile Organic Compound Analysis To Distinguish Coeliac Disease From Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Gut ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A110.1-A110
Author(s):  
J Covington ◽  
M McFarlane ◽  
R Harbord ◽  
E Westenbrink ◽  
S Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Differentiating Coeliac Disease from Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Urinary Volatile Organic Compound Analysis – A Pilot Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e107312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh P. Arasaradnam ◽  
Eric Westenbrink ◽  
Michael J. McFarlane ◽  
Ruth Harbord ◽  
Samantha Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compound Emissions From Heated Synthetic Hair: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863021989087
Author(s):  
Donna Auguste ◽  
Shelly L Miller
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
The Other ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Measured Mass

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted from a variety of household and personal care products. Many VOCs are known to be potentially toxic or carcinogenic. Synthetic hair is used in hair-styling practices, including practices in African American communities that involve singeing or heating the synthetic hair. The research questions that we sought to answer were as follows: Are VOCs emitted from singed or heated synthetic hair? If so, what are the VOC species and relative masses identified in singed or heated synthetic hair? We tested samples from 2 sources of singed and heated synthetic hair in a microchamber; one source was flame-retardant synthetic hair and the other source was non-flame-retardant synthetic hair. Our findings confirmed that VOCs are emitted from singed or heated synthetic hair for both types of sources. For flame-retardant synthetic hair, we identified and measured mass for species that included acetone, acetonitrile, 2-butanone, benzene, chloromethane, chloroethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane. For non-flame-retardant synthetic hair, we identified and measured mass for species that included acetone, acetonitrile, chloromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, and 2-propanol.

Metabolomics pilot study to identify volatile organic compound markers of childhood asthma in exhaled breath

Bioanalysis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Gahleitner ◽  
Cristina Guallar-Hoyas ◽  
Caroline S Beardsmore ◽  
Hitesh C Pandya ◽  
CL Paul Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Volatile Organic
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