scholarly journals Effects of Multi-Bacteria Solid-State Fermented Diets with Different Crude Fiber Levels on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Microbial Flora of Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3079
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Lingang Wang ◽  
Zhijin Hu ◽  
Liwen Jiang ◽  
Hong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

This study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-bacteria solid-state fermented diets with different crude fiber (CF) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and microbial flora of finishing pigs. The multi-bacteria solid-state fermented diets were made up of Lactobacillus amylovorus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida utilis. According to a 2 (factors) × 2 (levels) design, with the two factors being multi-bacteria solid-state fermentation (fed non-fermented diet or multi-bacteria fermentation) or CF levels (fed a basal diet containing 2.52% CF or 7.00% CF), a total of 36 finishing pigs (70.80 ± 5.75 kg) were divided into 4 treatments with 9 barrows per group: (1) pigs fed a diet containing 7.00% CF (HF), (2) pigs fed a multi-bacteria fermentation diet containing 7.00% CF (HFM), (3) pigs fed a diet containing 2.52% CF (LF), and (4) piglets fed a multi-bacteria fermentation diet containing 2.52% CF (LFM). This experiment lasted 28 days. The multi-bacteria solid-state fermented diet increased the backfat thickness (p < 0.05) and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility (ATTD) of CF, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), 8 amino acids (Trp, Asp, Gly, Cys, Val, Met, Ile, and Leu), total essential amino acids (EAA), total non-essential amino acids (NEEA), and total amino acids (TAA) (p < 0.05). Multi-bacteria solid-state fermented diet increased serum concentrations of HDL-c, ABL, TP, and GLU, the serum enzyme activities of GSH-Px, T-AOC, SOD, and CAT (p < 0.05), the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Oscillospira, and Coprococcus (p < 0.05), and the abundance of YAMINSYN3-PWY, PWY-7013, GOLPDLCAT-PWY, ARGORNPROST-PWY, and PWY-5022 pathways (p < 0.05). The multi-bacteria solid-state fermented diet reduced the digestion amount of CF, NDF, and ADF (p < 0.05), the serum concentrations of TC, TG, LDL-c, BUN, and MDA (p < 0.05), the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae (p < 0.05), and the abundance of PWY-6470, PWY0-862, HSERMETANA-PWY, LACTOSECAT-PWY, MET-SAM-PWY, PWY-6700, PWY-5347, PWY0-1061, and LACTOSECAT-PWY pathways (p < 0.05). The high-fiber diet increased average daily feed intake (p < 0.05), the serum concentrations of TC, TG, LDL-c, BUN, and MDA (p < 0.05), the relative abundance of Clostridiaceae_Clostridium and Coprococcus (p < 0.05), and the abundance of TCA-GLYOX-BYPASS, GLYCOLYSIS-TCA-GLYOX-BYPASS, and PWY-6906 pathways (p < 0.05). The high-fiber diet reduced chest circumference (p < 0.05) and ATTD of ether extract (EE), CF, NDF, ADF, Ca, CP, 18 amino acids (Trp, Thr, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phe, Lys, His, Arg Asp, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala, Cys, Tyr, and Pro), EAA, NEAA, and TAA (p < 0.05). The high-fiber diet also reduced the serum concentrations of HDL-c, TP, ABL, and GLU, the serum enzyme activities of T-AOC, GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT (p < 0.05), and the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Oscillospira (p < 0.05). There was no significant effect of the interaction between multi-bacteria fermentation and dietary CF levels, except on the digestion amount of CF (p < 0.05). The 7.00% CF had a negative effect on the digestion of nutrients, but multi-bacteria solid-state fermentation diets could relieve this negative effect and increase backfat thickness. High-fiber diets and multi-bacteria solid-state fermentation improved the diversity and abundance of fecal microorganisms in finishing pigs.

scholarly journals Effect of a high-protein, high-fiber diet plus supplementation with branched-chain amino acids on the nutritional status of patients with cirrhosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruiz-Margáin ◽  
R.U. Macías-Rodríguez ◽  
S.L. Ríos-Torres ◽  
B.M. Román-Calleja ◽  
O. Méndez-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Branched Chain

Top-spraying xylanase and β-glucanase improves digestible energy content and optimizes protein and amino acids digestibility in high-fiber diet fed to growing Nile tilapia

2021 ◽  
pp. 114991
Author(s):  
Johnny Martins de Brito ◽  
Bruno Wernick ◽  
Thais Pereira da Cruz ◽  
Leonardo Barriviera Furuya ◽  
João Antônio Galiotto Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals 181 Effects of Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic on energy and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Jinlong Zhu ◽  
Gerald C Shurson ◽  
Lynsey Whitacre ◽  
Ignacio R Ipharraguerre ◽  
Pedro E Urriola
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Corn Distillers

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP, Amaferm®) on nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed high fiber diets. Eighteen growing barrows (initial BW = 50.60 ± 4.90 kg) were surgically equipped with a T-cannula at the distal ileum. Three diets were formulated by including 29.65% corn-distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), 36.65% rice bran (RB) or 24.59% wheat middlings (WM) in corn and soybean meal-based diets to meet nutrient requirements for 50 to 75 kg growing pigs. Three additional diets were formulated by supplementing 0.05% AOP at the expense of corn in DDGS (DDGS + AOP), RB (RB + AOP), and wheat middlings (WM + AOP) diets. Pigs were allotted randomly to a triplicated 6 × 2 Youden square design with 6 diets and 2 successive periods. Feces and ileal digesta were collected for 2 d after a 21 d adaptation period, and nutrient content was analyzed to calculate apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID). Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids was calculated by correcting AID with basal endogenous amino acid losses determined from the same set of pigs. Supplementation of 0.05% AOP increased (P &lt; 0.05) ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, and ash in DDGS, RB, and WM diets. Diet DE was 35 kcal/kg greater (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed AOP supplemented diets compared with those fed diets without AOP. Pigs fed DDGS+AOP diet had greater (P &lt; 0.05) AID of ether extract compared to those fed DDGS diet. However, supplementation of AOP did not (P &gt; 0.05) affect AID of GE, DM, CP, NDF, ash or SID of amino acids. In conclusion, supplementation of AOP in high fiber diets containing DDGS, RB, or WM increased total tract energy value and nutrient digestibility.

P063 A COMPREHENSIVE, MULTIOMIC DIET INTERVENTION STUDY COMPARING A LOW FAT, HIGH FIBER DIET TO AN IDEALIZED STANDARD AMERICAN DIET IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S8-S9
Author(s):  
Julia Fritsch ◽  
Alejandra Quintero ◽  
Judith Pignac-Kobinger ◽  
Luis Garces ◽  
Ana Santander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Abstract Background and Aims There is a lack of evidence-based dietary interventions in ulcerative colitis (UC) management. A diet high in fat and animal meat has been linked to an increased risk of UC. The aim of our study was to use a multilayered, multi-omic approach to comprehensively characterize the effect of a low fat, high fiber diet or a high fat diet in UC patients. Methods We enrolled patients with UC who were in remission or had mild disease with a flare within the last 18 months. We used a cross-over design in which patients received two dietary interventions: a low fat diet (LFD), containing 10% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of below 3:1, and an idealized standard American diet (SAD), containing 35–40% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of 20–30:1. Each diet was four weeks long with a two-week wash-out in between. The diet was catered and delivered to patients’ homes. Clinical symptoms, quality of life, and biochemical data were collected. Stool was collected for microbiome and metabolomic analyses. The primary endpoint was to determine adherence to a specified diet using catered meals; the secondary endpoint was to determine the clinical and subclinical effects of a low fat, high fiber diet or high fat diet in UC. Results Baseline diets varied widely but were generally lower in fiber as well as fruits and vegetables and higher in saturated fat than either of the study diets. There was a high rate of adherence to catered meals (SAD=86.68%, LFD=84.8%) with a 96.8% and 94.33% adherence to fat for SAD and LFD respectively. Patients that started in remission remained in remission (partial Mayo and sIBDQ). Following a LFD, patients saw a 20% improvement in their quality of life as measured by sIBDQ compared to their baseline. The effect of diet intervention on microbial diversity was reflected in the beta diversity with a significant increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii after LFD. CRP, sIBDQ, IL-6, and IL1β had a significant effect on overall gut microbiota composition as measured by Bray Curtis beta diversity (PERMANOVA)(P&lt;0.007, P&lt;0.001, P&lt;0.021, P&lt;0.048 respectively). The top taxa that contributes the most to this microbial variation from these clinical parameters was Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Patients following a SAD had an increase in lauric acid, myristic acid, and N-oleoyl-L-phenylalanine with an increase in omega-6 metabolism pathways. Patients following a LFD had higher glycine, alanine, and phenyllactic acid with omega 3 metabolism pathways increased after LFD. Conclusions A low fat, high fiber diet is well tolerated and did not increase biochemical markers of inflammation. Catered meals and collection of microbiome, metabolome and biochemical data may allow early stratification of diet responders.

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