scholarly journals Effect of Sterigmatocystin or Aflatoxin Contaminated Feed on Lipid Peroxidation and Glutathione Redox System and Expression of Glutathione Redox System Regulatory Genes in Broiler Chicken

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balogh ◽  
Kövesi ◽  
Zándoki ◽  
Kulcsár ◽  
Ancsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Authors studied the effect of sterigmatocystin from infected corn (STC), purified sterigmatocystin (PSTC), and aflatoxin B1 from infected corn (AFB1) on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox parameters, including the expression of their encoding genes in a sub-chronic (14 days) trial. A total of 144 three-week-old cockerels was divided into four experimental groups (n = 36 in each). Control feed was contaminated with STC or PSTC (1590 µg STC/kg or 1570.5 µg STC/kg feed), or with AFB1 (149.1 µg AFB1/kg feed). Six birds from each group were sampled at day 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 of mycotoxin exposure. As parameters of lipid peroxidation, conjugated dienes (CD) and trienes (CT) were measured in the liver, while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was determined in blood plasma, red blood cell hemolysate and liver. Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were determined in the same samples, and expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), glutathione synthetase (GSS) and glutathione reductase (GSR) genes was measured by RT-PCR in the liver. STC, PSTC or AFB1 caused a slight, but not significant, increase in CD and CT levels; however, in the case of MDA, no increase was found in the liver. Glutathione redox system was activated in the liver by AFB1, but less markedly by STC/PSTC. PSTC and AFB1 resulted in a higher expression of GPX4, while GSS expression was down-regulated by AFB1 on day 1, but up-regulated by STC on day 2 and by both mycotoxins on day 7. However, on day 14, GSS expression was down-regulated by PSTC. Expression of GSR was low on day 1 in AFB1 and PSTC groups, but later it was up-regulated by AFB1. The observed changes regarding gene expression strengthen the hypothesis that the mild oxidative stress, caused by the applied STC doses, activates the glutathione redox system of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Individual and Combined Effects of Aflatoxin B1 and Sterigmatocystin on Lipid Peroxidation and Glutathione Redox System of Common Carp Liver

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kövesi ◽  
Szabina Kulcsár ◽  
Zsolt Ancsin ◽  
Erika Zándoki ◽  
Márta Erdélyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Biosynthesis ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
One Year ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Glutathione Redox

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the short-term effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 100 µg/kg feed) and sterigmatocystin (STC 1000 μg/kg feed) exposure individually and in combination (100 μg AFB1 + 1000 μg STC/kg feed) on the parameters of lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system both in biochemical and gene expression levels in one-year-old common carp. Lipid peroxidation parameters were slightly affected, as significant differences were observed only in conjugated diene and triene concentrations. Reduced glutathione content decreased more markedly by STC than AFB1 or AFB1+STC, but glutathione peroxidase activity did not change. Expression of gpx4a, gpx4b, gss, and gsr genes was down-regulated due to STC compared to AFB1 or AFB1+STC, while an induction was found as effect of AFB1+STC in the case of gpx4a, but down-regulation for gpx4b as compared to AFB1. Expression of the glutathione biosynthesis regulatory gene, gss, was higher, but glutathione recycling enzyme encoding gene, gsr, was lower as an effect of AFB1+STC compared to AFB1. These results are supported by the changes in the expression of transcription factors encoding genes, nrf2, and keap1. The results revealed that individual effects of AFB1 and STC on different parameters are synergistic or antagonistic in multi-toxin treatment.

scholarly journals Short-term effects of T-2 toxin or deoxynivalenol on glutathione status and expression of its regulatory genes in chicken

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangesh Nakade ◽  
Csilla Pelyhe ◽  
Benjámin Kövesi ◽  
Krisztián Balogh ◽  
Balázs Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Status ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Short-term (48-hour) effects of 3.74/1.26 mg kg−1 T-2/HT-2 toxin or 16.12 mg kg−1 DON in feed were investigated in the liver of three-week-old cockerels (body weight: 749.60 ± 90.98 g). Markers of lipid peroxidation showed no significant changes. At hour 24, glutathione content in the T-2/HT-2 toxin group was significantly higher than in the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher than the control at hour 24 in the T-2/H-2 toxin group and at hour 48 in the DON group. In the DON group, expression of the glutathione peroxidase 4 gene (GPX4) was significantly lower than in the control at hours 12 and 14, and higher at hour 48. Expression of the glutathione reductase gene (GSR) was significantly lower than in the control at hour 12 in the T-2/HT-2 toxin group, and at hours 12, 24 and 48 in the DON group. However, at hour 36 higher GSR expression was measured in the DON group. Due to the effect of both trichothecenes, expression of the glutathione synthetase gene (GSS) was significantly lower than in the control at hours 24 and 48. In conclusion, T-2/HT-2 toxin and DON had a moderate short-term effect on free radical formation. T-2/HT-2 toxin induced more pronounced activation of the glutathione redox system than did DON.

Effects of ochratoxin a on some production traits, lipid peroxide and glutathione redox status of weaned piglets

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Balogh ◽  
J. Hausenblasz ◽  
Mária Weber ◽  
Márta Erdélyi ◽  
Judit Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Redox

The effect of feeding ochratoxin A (OTA) contaminated diet (379.6 and 338.1 μg/kg in starter and grower diets) on production traits, lipid peroxidation and some parameters of the glutathione redox system were investigated in weaned piglets over a seven-week period. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) did not differ significantly, but in the first phase (0–28 days) the daily weight gain was significantly lower in the piglets fed the OTA-contaminated diet. Lipid peroxidation, as measured by the amount of malondialdehyde, glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity, did not change significantly in the blood plasma and red blood cell haemolysate in the OTA-loaded group, while malondialdehyde content increased significantly in the liver and markedly but not significantly in the kidney of piglets fed OTA-contaminated feed. Glutathione content did not differ significantly in the studied organs of the two groups while glutathione peroxidase activity of the OTA-loaded animals was significantly lower both in the liver and in the kidney. The results suggest that the use of feed-stuffs contaminated with low levels of OTA for seven weeks did not cause marked differences in the production traits or in lipid peroxidation and amount or activity of the glutathione redox system in the blood plasma, red blood cells and kidney, while significant changes occurred in the liver homogenate.

scholarly journals Short-term effects of deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B1 or ochratoxin on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system and its regulatory genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1921-1932
Author(s):  
Benjámin Kövesi ◽  
Szabina Kulcsár ◽  
Erika Zándoki ◽  
Judit Szabó-Fodor ◽  
Miklós Mézes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Abstract The effects of a single oral dose of 1.82 mg kg−1 bw of T-2 and HT-2 toxin (T-2), 1.75 mg kg−1 bw deoxynivalenol (DON) and 15-acetyl DON, 1.96 mg kg−1 bw fumonisin B1 (FB1) or 1.85 mg kg−1 bw ochratoxin A (OTA) were investigated in common carp juveniles on lipid peroxidation, the parameters of the glutathione redox system including the expression of their encoding genes in a short-term (24 h) experiment. Markers of the initiation phase of lipid peroxidation, conjugated dienes, and trienes, were slightly affected by DON and OTA treatment at 16-h sampling. The termination marker, malondialdehyde, concentration increased only as an effect of FB1. Glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity showed significantly higher levels in the T-2 and FB1 groups at 8 h, and in the DON and FB1 groups at 16 h. The expression of glutathione peroxidase genes (gpx4a, gpx4b) showed a dual response. Downregulation of gpxa was observed at 8 h, as the effect of DON, FB1, and OTA, but an upregulation in the T-2 group. At 16 h gpx4a upregulated as an effect of DON, T-2, and FB1, and at 24 h in the DON and T-2 groups. Expression of gpx4b downregulated at 8 h, except in the T-2 group, and upregulation observed as an effect of T-2 at 24 h. The lack of an increase in the expression of nrf2, except as the effect of DON at 8 h, and a decrease in the keap1 expression suggests that the antioxidant defence system was activated at gene and protein levels through Keap1–Nrf2 independent pathways.

Age-dependent effects of short-term exposure of T-2 toxin or deoxynivalenol on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system in broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs. Pelyhe ◽  
B. Kövesi ◽  
J. Szabó-Fodor ◽  
E. Zándoki ◽  
M. Erdélyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Purpose of this study was to investigate the age-dependent, short-term effects of T-2 toxin (5.77 mg T-2 and 1.40 mg HT-2 toxin/kg feed) or deoxynivalenol (DON) (4.86 mg DON and 1.39 mg 15-acetyl-DON/kg feed) in one and three weeks old broiler chicken to observe the changes in parameters of lipid peroxidation, glutathione redox system, and expression of genes related to glutathione redox system in the first 24 h of mycotoxin exposure. Glutathione-redox system responsed to T-2 toxin exposure in both age groups for T-2 toxin in the first 8 h of exposure, while a reactivation was observed in the 3-week-old group after 20 h, although lipid peroxidation did not change significantly. DON did not alter these parameters, only at gene expression level. Gene expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) showed minor, but significant, changes in both age- and mycotoxin exposure groups. Glutathione reductase (GSR) showed a dual response for the mycotoxin exposure, which was not consequent in either age groups, or treatments. Glutathione synthetase (GSS) showed a decreasing tendency in the younger animals while in the older group elevating tendency was observed as effect of both mycotoxins. Time, treatment and their combined effect also showed relation with the changes in the parameters.

Effect of supplementation with methionine and different fat sources on the glutathione redox system of growing chickens

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Németh ◽  
M. Mézes ◽  
T. Gaál ◽  
Á. Bartos ◽  
K. Balogh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Corn Germ ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Redox System ◽  
Corn Germ Oil ◽  
Glutathione Redox

The effect of supplementary methionine and fats of different saturation levels on the glutathione redox system of growing broiler cockerels was studied. The diet of three groups of chicks was supplemented with corn germ oil, beef tallow and fish oil at the levels of 30 g/kg and 50 g/kg of feed, respectively. The diet of further three groups was supplemented with methionine (5 g/kg of feed) in addition to the different fat sources. Control chicks were fed with a compound feed without methionine and fat supplementation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) content as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver were determined and GSH/GSSG ratio was calculated at day old and then at one and three weeks of age. Our results indicate that supplementary methionine stimulates both the synthesis of the glutathione redox system and glutathione peroxidase activity in growing chickens in the first period of postnatal life, when the risk of lipid peroxidation is high due to feeding unsaturated fats in the diet.

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