In Situ Bioremediation Techniques to Reduce Total Organic Matter Oversaturation of Fluvial Sediments: An Experimental Study

An in situ experiment was performed in sediments of River Magro (east Spain) in order to evaluate the usefulness of microbial bioremediation, both bioaugmentation and biostimulation, as a tool for reducing the excessive organic matter (OM) content in dammed river stretches due to historical wastewater spilling. The study had a prospective approach focused on the application of a biologically active commercial product (BAP), consisting of a mix of bacterial strains, ectoenzymes, and nutrients, where a range of concentrations and temporal dosages of the product were experimentally assayed in situ. They were further combined with the addition of potential organic enhancers, such as acetate, as well as of inhibitors of specific microbial guilds. On the other hand, inorganic electron acceptors for the anaerobic respiration of the organic matter were additionally amended. In additional assays, the BAP additions were combined with inorganic nutrients amendments, or even the latter were tested alone. These combinative treatments aimed at exploring the possible enhancement of synergistic or antagonistic interactions among the amended compounds, as well as the eventual effect of growth limiting factors. The single BAP additions of 50 g/m3 led to OM reductions of up to 17%, and significant removals of nitrogen or phosphorus were additionally observed by increasing or by fractioning the BAP dosage, respectively. However, a better response using the same amount of the BAP was obtained by supplementing it with sodium acetate. In this case, reductions of the OM content reached up to 35% of the accumulated OM, thus indicating that a complementary stimulus is still necessary to run out barriers towards the final steps of the anaerobic OM digestion. This treatment was also linked to the strongest significant drop in the TP content of the sediments. Neither the addition of inorganic electron acceptors nor inorganic nutrients improved the results, or they were even antagonistic of the degradative potential of the BAP product. Apparently, the occurrence of acetoclastic microorganisms, which was demonstrated by high throughput DNA-sequencing, was critical for the optimal OM reductions in the sediments. This exploratory study demonstrates that the applicability of BAPs can be extended to cover the remediation of fluvial ecosystems, and support the complementarity of different bioremediation strategies.

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Metagenomic and Metaproteomic Insights into Photoautotrophic and Heterotrophic Interactions in a Synechococcus Culture

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.03261-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Qiang Zheng ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Jiayao Lu ◽

Wenxin Lin ◽

Feng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Complex Compounds ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

Coculture System

ABSTRACT Microbial photoautotroph-heterotroph interactions underlie marine food webs and shape ecosystem diversity and structure in upper ocean environments. Here, bacterial community composition, lifestyle preference, and genomic- and proteomic-level metabolic characteristics were investigated for an open ocean Synechococcus ecotype and its associated heterotrophs over 91 days of cocultivation. The associated heterotrophic bacterial assembly mostly constituted five classes, including Flavobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Phycisphaerae, Gammaproteobacteria, and Alphaproteobacteria. The seven most abundant taxa/genera comprised >90% of the total heterotrophic bacterial community, and five of these displayed distinct lifestyle preferences (free-living or attached) and responses to Synechococcus growth phases. Six high-quality genomes, including Synechococcus and the five dominant heterotrophic bacteria, were reconstructed. The only primary producer of the coculture system, Synechococcus, displayed metabolic processes primarily involved in inorganic nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and organic matter biosynthesis and release. Two of the flavobacterial populations, Muricauda and Winogradskyella, and an SM1A02 population, displayed preferences for initial degradation of complex compounds and biopolymers, as evinced by high abundances of TonB-dependent transporters (TBDTs), glycoside hydrolase, and peptidase proteins. Polysaccharide utilization loci present in the flavobacterial genomes influence their lifestyle preferences and close associations with phytoplankton. In contrast, the alphaproteobacterium Oricola sp. population mainly utilized low-molecular-weight dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through ATP-binding cassette (ABC), tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP), and tripartite tricarboxylate transporter (TTT) transport systems. The heterotrophic bacterial populations exhibited complementary mechanisms for degrading Synechococcus-derived organic matter and driving nutrient cycling. In addition to nutrient exchange, removal of reactive oxygen species and vitamin trafficking might also contribute to the maintenance of the Synechococcus-heterotroph coculture system and the interactions shaping the system. IMPORTANCE The high complexity of in situ ecosystems renders it difficult to study marine microbial photoautotroph-heterotroph interactions. Two-member coculture systems of picocyanobacteria and single heterotrophic bacterial strains have been thoroughly investigated. However, in situ interactions comprise far more diverse heterotrophic bacterial associations with single photoautotrophic organisms. In the present study, combined metagenomic and metaproteomic data supplied the metabolic potentials and activities of uncultured dominant bacterial populations in the coculture system. The results of this study shed light on the nature of interactions between photoautotrophs and heterotrophs, improving our understanding of the complexity of in situ environments.

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Deep-Sea Nematodes Actively Colonise Sediments, Irrespective of the Presence of a Pulse of Organic Matter: Results from an In-Situ Experiment

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0018912 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. e18912 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Katja Guilini ◽

Thomas Soltwedel ◽

Dick van Oevelen ◽

Ann Vanreusel

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Deep Sea ◽

In Situ Experiment

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Impact of organic matter on As sulfidation in wetlands: An in situ experiment

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152008

Author(s):

Magdaléna Peřestá ◽

Petr Drahota ◽

Adam Culka ◽

Tomáš Matoušek ◽

Martin Mihaljevič

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

In Situ Experiment

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Species densities, biological interactions and benthic ecosystem functioning: an in situ experiment

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps11650 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 547 ◽

pp. 149-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

DS Clare ◽

M Spencer ◽

LA Robinson ◽

CLJ Frid

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Functioning ◽

Biological Interactions ◽

In Situ Experiment

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The influence of potassium dichromate on dissimilatory reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfovibrio sp.

Ecology and Noospherology ◽

10.15421/031708 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (1-2) ◽

pp. 84-95

Author(s):

O. M. Moroz ◽

S. O. Hnatush ◽

Ch. I. Bohoslavets ◽

T. M. Hrytsun’ ◽

B. M. Borsukevych

Keyword(s):

Electron Acceptor ◽

Potassium Dichromate ◽

Anaerobic Respiration ◽

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Electron Acceptors ◽

Metal Compounds ◽

Nitrate Ions ◽

Sulfate Reducing ◽

Reducing Bacteria

Sulfate reducing bacteria, capable to reductive transformation of different nature pollutants, used in biotechnologies of purification of sewage, contaminated by carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and metal compounds. H2S formed by them sediment metals to form of insoluble sulfides. Number of metals can be used by these microorganisms as electron acceptors during anaerobic respiration. Because under the influence of metal compounds observed slowing of bacteria metabolism, selection isolated from technologically modified ecotops resistant to pollutions strains is important task to create a new biotechnologies of purification. That’s why the purpose of this work was to study the influence of potassium dichromate, present in medium, on reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans IMV K-6, Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-6 and Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-8, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, to estimate the efficiency of possible usage of these bacteria in technologies of complex purification of environment from dangerous pollutants. Bacteria were cultivated in modified Kravtsov-Sorokin medium without SO42- and FeCl2×4H2O for 10 days. To study the influence of K2Cr2O7 on usage by bacteria SO42- or NO3- cells were seeded to media with Na2SO4×10H2O or NaNO3 and K2Cr2O7 at concentrations of 1.74 mM for total content of electron acceptors in medium 3.47 mM (concentration of SO42- in medium of standard composition). Cells were also seeded to media with 3.47 mM Na2SO4×10H2O, NaNO3 or K2Cr2O7 to investigate their growth in media with SO42-, NO3- or Cr2O72- as sole electron acceptor (control). Biomass was determined by turbidymetric method, content of sulfate, nitrate, dichromate, chromium (III) ions, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia ions in cultural liquid – by spectrophotometric method. It was found that K2Cr2O7 inhibits growth (2.2 and 1.3 times) and level of reduction by bacteria sulfate or nitrate ions (4.2 and 3.0 times, respectively) at simultaneous addition into cultivation medium of 1.74 mM SO42- or NO3- and 1.74 mM Cr2O72-, compared with growth and level of reduction of sulfate or nitrate ions in medium only with SO42- or NO3- as sole electron acceptor. Revealed that during cultivation of bacteria in presence of equimolar amount of SO42- or NO3- and Cr2O72-, last used by bacteria faster, content of Cr3+ during whole period of bacteria cultivation exceeded content H2S or NH4+. K2Cr2O7 in medium has most negative influence on dissimilatory reduction by bacteria SO42- than NO3-, since level of nitrate ions reduction by cells in medium with NO3- and Cr2O72- was a half times higher than level of sulfate ions reduction by it in medium with SO42- and Cr2O72-. The ability of bacteria Desulfovibrio sp. to priority reduction of Cr2O72- and after their exhaustion − NO3- and SO42- in the processes of anaerobic respiration can be used in technologies of complex purification of environment from toxic compounds.

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Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika ◽

10.35776/mnp.2019.12.02 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

A. Safonov ◽

N. Andriushchenko ◽

N. Popova ◽

K. Boldyrev

Keyword(s):

Sorption Capacity ◽

Electron Acceptors ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽

Sorption Material ◽

Maximum Sorption ◽

Properties Of Materials ◽

Solid Waste Landfills ◽

Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

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In situ organic matter degradability of untreated and urea-treated varieties of spring barley and oat straws, and of untreated varieties of winter wheat straws

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/0377-8401(92)90121-l ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 37 (1-2) ◽

pp. 73-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P.E. Colucci ◽

D. Falk ◽

G.K. Macleod ◽

D.G. Grieve

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Spring Barley

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Template synthesis and characterization of biologically active transition metal complexes comprising 14-membered tetraazamacrocyclic ligand

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc1002217s ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 217-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dharmpal Singh ◽

Krishan Kumar ◽

Ramesh Kumar ◽

Jitender Singh

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Measurements ◽

Macrocyclic Ligand ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Molar Conductance ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Distorted Octahedral Geometry ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Active Transition

A novel series of complexes of the type [M(C28H24N4)X2], where M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II), X = Cl-, NO3 -, CH3COO- and (C28H24N4) corresponds to the tetradentate macrocyclic ligand, were synthesized by template condensation of 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and diacetyl in the presence of divalent metal salts in methanolic medium. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, conductance and magnetic measurements, as well as by UV/Vis, NMR, IR and MS spectroscopy. The low values of the molar conductance indicate non-electrolyte type of complexes. Based on these spectral data, a distorted octahedral geometry may be proposed for all of these complexes. All the synthesized macrocyclic complexes were tested for in vitro antibacterial activity against some pathogenic bacterial strains, viz Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC values shown by the complexes against these bacterial strains were compared with the MIC shown by the standard antibiotics linezolid and cefaclor.

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Diversity of Biodeteriorative Bacterial and Fungal Consortia in Winter and Summer on Historical Sandstone of the Northern Pergola, Museum of King John III’s Palace at Wilanow, Poland

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11020620 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 620

Author(s):

Magdalena Dyda ◽

Agnieszka Laudy ◽

Przemyslaw Decewicz ◽

Krzysztof Romaniuk ◽

Martyna Ciezkowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Changes ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Microbial Biodiversity ◽

Acidophilic Bacteria ◽

Almost All ◽

Generation Sequencing ◽

King John

The aim of the presented investigation was to describe seasonal changes of microbial community composition in situ in different biocenoses on historical sandstone of the Northern Pergola in the Museum of King John III’s Palace at Wilanow (Poland). The microbial biodiversity was analyzed by the application of Illumina-based next-generation sequencing methods. The metabarcoding analysis allowed for detecting lichenized fungi taxa with the clear domination of two genera: Lecania and Rhinocladiella. It was also observed that, during winter, the richness of fungal communities increased in the biocenoses dominated by lichens and mosses. The metabarcoding analysis showed 34 bacterial genera, with a clear domination of Sphingomonas spp. across almost all biocenoses. Acidophilic bacteria from Acidobacteriaceae and Acetobacteraceae families were also identified, and the results showed that a significant number of bacterial strains isolated during the summer displayed the ability to acidification in contrast to strains isolated in winter, when a large number of isolates displayed alkalizing activity. Other bacteria capable of nitrogen fixation and hydrocarbon utilization (including aromatic hydrocarbons) as well as halophilic microorganisms were also found. The diversity of organisms in the biofilm ensures its stability throughout the year despite the differences recorded between winter and summer.

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