scholarly journals Mechanical and Durability Properties of Mortars Incorporating Red Mud, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, and Electric Arc Furnace Dust

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4110
Author(s):  
Javad Sabzi ◽  
Elyas Asadi Shamsabadi ◽  
Mansour Ghalehnovi ◽  
S. Ali Hadigheh ◽  
Ali Khodabakhshian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Dust ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

This research studies the properties of mortars incorporating waste materials including red mud (RM), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and electric arc furnace dust (EAFD). Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was partially replaced with equal contents of RM, GGBFS, and EAFD at different ratios by weight (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50%). Slump, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, electrical resistivity, water absorption, resistance to freeze–thaw cycles, and durability under sodium sulphate and sulphuric acid attacks were investigated. Moreover, the microstructure of mortars cured in tap water and exposed to sulphuric acid was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). Cement replacement up to 20% led to a slight increase in compressive strength at 7, 28, and 120 days, while the results of durability tests showed that only up to 10% cement substitution could improve the durability of the mortar. A microstructural analysis showed that small waste grain portions in the matrix improved the whole mix density and the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between aggregates and paste. The results of this study showed that there is an optimum replacement ratio of about 10%, beyond which the incorporation of these waste powders can cause degradation of concrete properties.

The Influence of the Properties of the Material Used for Obtaining Geopolymers on Their Structure and Compressive Strength

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182-1187
Author(s):  
Ilenuta Severin ◽  
Maria Vlad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Straw Ash

This article presents the influence of the properties of the materials in the geopolymeric mixture, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) + wheat straw ash (WSA) + uncalcined red mud (RMu), and ground granulated blast furnace slag + wheat straw ash + calcined red mud (RMc), over the microstructure and mechanical properties of the synthesised geopolymers. The activation solutions used were a NaOH solution with 8M concentration, and a solution realised from 50%wt NaOH and 50%wt Na2SiO3. The samples were analysed: from the microstructural point of view through SEM microscopy; the chemical composition was determined through EDX analysis; and the compressive strength tests was done for samples tested at 7 and 28 days, respectively. The SEM micrographies of the geopolymers have highlighted a complex structure and an variable compressive strength. Compressive strength varied from 24 MPa in the case of the same recipe obtained from 70% of GGBFS + 25% WSA +5% RMu, alkaline activated with NaOH 8M (7 days testing) to 85 MPa in the case of the recipe but replacing RMu with RMc with calcined red mud, alkaline activated with the 50%wt NaOH and 50%wt Na2SiO3 solution (28 days testing). This variation in the sense of the rise in compressive strength can be attributed to the difference in reactivity of the materials used in the recipes, the curing period, the geopolymers structure, and the presence of a lower or higher rate of pores, as well as the alkalinity and the nature of the activation solutions used.

The use of blast furnace slag and derived materials in the vitrification of electric arc furnace dust

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. López ◽  
E. Sáinz ◽  
A. López-delgado ◽  
L. Pascual ◽  
J. M. Fernández Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Dust ◽  
Furnace Slag

Properties of Alkali Activated Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Based Geopolymers

2017 ◽  
Vol 1143 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Ilenuta Severin ◽  
Maria Vlad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Straw Ash

Ground granulated blast furnace slag, red mud, wheat straw ash are secondary material which after alkaline activation can be used in the construction materials’ domain. Their disposal poses a threat to the environment, whereas by reusing them we would be able to reduce this negative impact. This paper describes the research carried out in order to synthesise some geopolymer recipes, which are based on ground granulated blast furnace slag, red mud and wheat straw ash, alkaline activated with sodium hydroxide or a solution made with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. Factors that influence the compression strength have been studied such as: the nature of the alkaline activator, the chemical composition of solid materials in the recipes and the curing time. The geopolymer samples have been dried at room temperature for 7 and 28 days, respectively, and after the compressive strength tests has been made. Following this research it has been found out that NaOH/Na2SiO3 activated geopolymer samples have shown a higher resistance in the compressive strength. From the SEM analysis it has been found out that the samples with a higher amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag in their composition had a more homogeneous and less porous design than those with a smaller amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag.

scholarly journals Red Mud-Blast Furnace Slag-Based Alkali-Activated Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11298
Author(s):  
Alessio Occhicone ◽  
Mira Vukčević ◽  
Ivana Bosković ◽  
Claudio Ferone
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Bauxite Residue ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

The aluminum Bayer production process is widespread all over the world. One of the waste products of the Bayer process is a basic aluminosilicate bauxite residue called red mud. The aluminosilicate nature of red mud makes it suitable as a precursor for alkali-activated materials. In this work, red mud was mixed with different percentages of blast furnace slag and then activated by sodium silicate solution at different SiO2/Na2O ratios. Obtained samples were characterized by chemical–physical analyses and compressive strength determination. Very high values of compressive strength, up to 50 MPa, even for high percentage of red mud in the raw mixture (70 wt.% of RM in powder mixture), were obtained. In particular, the higher compressive strength was measured for cubic samples containing 50 wt.% of RM, which showed a value above 70 MPa. The obtained mixtures were characterized by no or scarce environmental impact and could be used in the construction industry as an alternative to cementitious and ceramic materials.

scholarly journals Effect of Na2SiO3/Naoh on the Compressive Strength of Inorganic Polymer Concrete Mixed with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) At Ambient Condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1222-1228
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

This paper aims to investigate the influence of alkaline activators solution i.e, Na2SiO3 / NaOH on compressive strength of geopolymer concrete mixed with Ground Granulated Blast furnace slag (GGBS) for constant molarity 8 M. The ratio of alkali to binder ratio is taken as 0.5 and the ratio of Na2SiO3 / NaOH is 2.5. The geopolymer mix is based on pervious sutdies. As per Indian standard size moulds for the cube, cylinder and prism are cast, cured and tested.The specimens were tested for fresh concrete properties such as slump cone test and hardened properties such as compressive strength for cubes, split tensile strength for cylinders and flexural strength for prism different days of curing under ambient temperature. Also, a microstructural study is done by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) for the tested sample. It is found from the test results that, with the aid of alumino-silicate solution, early strength is achieved by geopolymer concrete within 7 days under ambient condition due to the presence of ground granulated slag.

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