scholarly journals Use of Pupil Area and Fixation Maps to Evaluate Visual Behavior of Drivers inside Tunnels at Different Luminance Levels—A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5014
Author(s):  
Li Qin ◽  
Qi-Lei Cao ◽  
Arturo S. Leon ◽  
Ying-Na Weng ◽  
Xu-Hua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Luminance Level ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Visual Behavior ◽  
Point Position ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Position Data ◽  
Future Research Directions

This study reports the results of a pilot study on spatiotemporal characteristics of drivers’ visual behavior while driving in three different luminance levels in a tunnel. The study was carried out in a relatively long tunnel during the daytime. Six experienced drivers were recruited to participate in the driving experiment. Experimental data of pupil area and fixation point position (at the tunnel’s interior zone: 1566 m long) were collected by non-intrusive eye-tracking equipment at three luminance levels (2 cd/m2, 2.5 cd/m2, and 3 cd/m2). Fixation maps (color-coded maps presenting distributed data) were created based on fixation point position data to quantify changes in visual behavior. The results demonstrated that luminance levels had a significant effect on pupil areas and fixation zones. Fixation area and average pupil area had a significant negative correlation with luminance levels during the daytime. In addition, drivers concentrated more on the front road pavement, the top wall surface, and the cars’ control wheels. The results revealed that the pupil area had a linear relationship with the luminance level. The limitations of this research are pointed out and the future research directions are also prospected.

Study on distributed privacy preserving data mining

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Binli Wang ◽  
Yanguang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Privacy Preserving Data Mining ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Future Research Directions

Recently, with the rapid development of network, communications and computer technology, privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) has become an increasingly important research in the field of data mining. In distributed environment, how to protect data privacy while doing data mining jobs from a large number of distributed data is more far-researching. This paper describes current research of PPDM at home and abroad. Then it puts emphasis on classifying the typical uses and algorithms of PPDM in distributed environment, and summarizing their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, it points out the future research directions in the field.

A Pilot Study to Teach Siblings to Support Children With Complex Communication Needs

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Douglas ◽  
Rebecca Kammes ◽  
Erica Nordquist ◽  
Sophia D’Agostino
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Complex Communication Needs ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Communication Partner Training ◽  
Multiple Probe

Siblings play an important role in the lives of children with disabilities, especially those with complex communication needs (CCN). However, children with CCN require support to learn social and communication skills. Like other communication partners, typically developing (TD) siblings may struggle to understand how to best interact with a child with CCN and may benefit from training to learn communication strategies. This pilot study evaluated a newly created sibling communication partner training program to help TD siblings learn the strategy Plan, Talk, Wait, and Respond to support the communication of their siblings with CCN. A single-subject multiple probe design was used with three TD siblings and their siblings with CCN. Although results varied for sibling pairs, an increase in communication supports from TD siblings and communication gains for children with CCN were noted with all sibling pairs. Limitations, adjustments to the training, and future research directions are discussed.

A Pilot Study of Mobile Telephone Message Interventions with Suicide Attempters in China

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Brian L. Mishara ◽  
Xiao Xian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
To Receive

Background: In China, where follow-up with hospitalized attempters is generally lacking, there is a great need for inexpensive and effective means of maintaining contact and decreasing recidivism. Aims: Our objective was to test whether mobile telephone message contacts after discharge would be feasible and acceptable to suicide attempters in China. Methods: Fifteen participants were recruited from suicide attempters seen in the Emergency Department in Wuhan, China, to participate in a pilot study to receive mobile telephone messages after discharge. All participants have access to a mobile telephone, and there is no charge for the user to receive text messages. Results: Most participants (12) considered the text message contacts an acceptable and useful form of help and would like to continue to receive them for a longer period of time. Conclusions: This suggests that, as a low-cost and quick method of intervention in areas where more intensive follow-up is not practical or available, telephone messages contacts are accessible, feasible, and acceptable to suicide attempters. We hope that this will inspire future research on regular and long-term message interventions to prevent recidivism in suicide attempters.

Suicide after Deployment in UN Peacekeeping Missions—A Danish Pilot Study

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hansen-Schwartz ◽  
G. Jessen ◽  
K. Andersen ◽  
H.O. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

Summary: This pilot study looks at the frequency of suicide among Danish soldiers who took part in the UN mandated forces (UNMF) during the 1990's. In a contingent of nearly 4000 Danish UN soldiers four suicides were documented, two of whom committed suicide less than one month before deployment and two who committed suicide within a year after discharge from mission. Contributing factors, prevention strategies, and implications for future research are discussed.

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