The Effectiveness of Ecklonia Cava Kjellman Extract in Improving Menopausal Syndrome in Osteoporosis and Depression

Ecklonia cava (EC) is a natural material commonly used to decrease swelling, allergy, cancer, and sleep issues. Using EC has been reported to regulate hormones during ovarian failure in an aromatase inhibition rodent model. The aim of this study was to investigate EC’s benefits on ovariectomized female mice. Hormone replacement therapy is beneficial in menopause, but the risk of side effects increases. In the present study, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and tryptophan hydroxylases (TPHs) expression were studied after the EC extracts were incorporated as elemental, phloroglucinol, eckol, dieckol, 6,6′-biekcol, and 8,8′-bieckol. In this in vivo study, the following seven groups of 10-week-old Balb/c female mice were evaluated over 8 weeks: normal mice (Sham), ovariectomized mice (OVX), ovariectomized and restraint stressed mice (OVX + R), ovariectomized and 17β-estradiol-treated mice (OVX + R + E2), ovariectomized and fluoxetine-treated mice (OVX + R + E2), and ovariectomized and EC-extract-treated mice (OVX + R + EC150 or OVX + R + EC300). The serum lipid profile, bone loss, and depressive symptoms were investigated in an ovariectomized and restraint-stressed mice model. In the in vitro models, ALP activity was dose-dependently upregulated by EC, including phloroglucinol, eckol, dieckol, 6,6′-biekcol, and 8,8′-bieckol, in RBL-2H3 cells. The transcripts of TPH1 and TPH2 were induced by EC and/or its elements (phloroglucinol, eckol, dieckol, 6,6′-biekcol, and 8,8′-bieckol) in RBL-2H3 cells. The re-uptake activity of serotonin (5-HT) was also decreased by EC and its ingredients such as phloroglucinol, eckol, dieckol, 6,6′-biekcol, and 8,8′-bieckol. In the models, the serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were downregulated in OVX + R mice by EC treatment. The bone mineral density (BMD) was determined in EC-treated groups, and the bone metabolism markers, CTX and osteocalcin, were also reduced to normal levels. The depression experiments revealed that the immobility time was shortened in the forced-swimming test in OVX + R mice. Moreover, the serum serotonin level was promoted by EC treatment in OVX + R mice. These results showed that EC extract inhibits bone loss and depressive symptoms in a menopausal mouse model by modulating bone metabolism markers (CTX and osteocalcin) and serotonin level in OVX + R mice.

Download Full-text

Serial Assessment of Serum Bone Metabolism Markers Identifies Women with the Highest Rate of Bone Loss and Osteoporosis Risk

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2007-1508 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 93 (7) ◽

pp. 2622-2632 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Kaisa K. Ivaska ◽

Janaka Lenora ◽

Paul Gerdhem ◽

Kristina Åkesson ◽

H. Kalervo Väänänen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Bone Metabolism Markers ◽

Osteoporosis Risk ◽

Rate Of Bone Loss

Download Full-text

Effects of Long-term Aerobic Exercise on Bone Breaking Force and Serum Bone Metabolism Markers in Ovariectomized Mice

Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System ◽

10.21086/ksles.2019.02.26.1.119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

Tae-Won Ki ◽

Yong-Suk Ji ◽

Se-Hwan Park ◽

Jin-Hwan Yoon

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Breaking Force ◽

Bone Metabolism Markers ◽

Ovariectomized Mice

Download Full-text

Igfbp2 Deletion in Ovariectomized Mice Enhances Energy Expenditure but Accelerates Bone Loss

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2014-1452 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 156 (11) ◽

pp. 4129-4140 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Victoria E. DeMambro ◽

Phuong T. Le ◽

Anyonya R. Guntur ◽

David E. Maridas ◽

Ernesto Canalis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Mitochondrial Respiration ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽

Female Mice ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Ovariectomized Mice ◽

Brown Adipose

Previously, we reported sexually dimorphic bone mass and body composition phenotypes in Igfbp2−/− mice (−/−), where male mice exhibited decreased bone and increased fat mass, whereas female mice displayed increased bone but no changes in fat mass. To investigate the interaction between IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and estrogen, we subjected Igfbp2 −/− and +/+ female mice to ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery at 8 weeks of age. At 20 weeks of age, mice underwent metabolic cage analysis and insulin tolerance tests before killing. At harvest, femurs were collected for microcomputed tomography, serum for protein levels, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) adipose depots for histology, gene expression, and mitochondrial respiration analysis of whole tissue. In +/+ mice, serum IGFBP-2 dropped 30% with OVX. In the absence of IGFBP-2, OVX had no effect on preformed BAT; however, there was significant “browning” of the IWAT depot coinciding with less weight gain, increased insulin sensitivity, lower intraabdominal fat, and increased bone loss due to higher resorption and lower formation. Likewise, after OVX, energy expenditure, physical activity and BAT mitochondrial respiration were decreased less in the OVX−/− compared with OVX+/+. Mitochondrial respiration of IWAT was reduced in OVX+/+ yet remained unchanged in OVX−/− mice. These changes were associated with significant increases in Fgf21 and Foxc2 expression, 2 proteins known for their insulin sensitizing and browning of WAT effects. We conclude that estrogen deficiency has a profound effect on body and bone composition in the absence of IGFBP-2 and may be related to changes in fibroblast growth factor 21.

Download Full-text

BMP9 Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3422965 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan-man Zhou ◽

Yu-ying Yang ◽

Yi-xuan Jing ◽

Tian-jiao Yuan ◽

Li-hao Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Ovariectomized Mice

Download Full-text

Rosehip Extract-Functionalized Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Cells

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14154172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4172

Author(s):

Laura Costa Pinho ◽

Thais Francini Garbieri ◽

Liliana Grenho ◽

Marta M. Alves ◽

Pedro Sousa Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Metabolism ◽

Magnesium Hydroxide ◽

Pure Water ◽

Cell Types ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽

Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽

Alp Activity ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Considering the role of magnesium in bone metabolism and the increasing relevance of plant-mediated green-synthesis, this work compares the bone cytocompatibility of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (NPs) produced by using pure water, Mg(OH)2, or a rosehip (RH) aqueous extract, Mg(OH)2RH. The NPs were evaluated for dose- and time-dependent effects on human osteoblastic and osteoclastic response, due to the direct involvement of the two cell types in bone metabolism. Mg(OH)2 NPs presented nanoplatelet-like morphology (mean diameter ~90 nm) and a crystalline structure (XRD analysis); the RH-mediated synthesis yielded smaller rounded particles (mean diameter <10 nm) with decreased crystallinity. On the ATR–FTIR spectra, both NPs presented the characteristic Mg-OH peaks; Mg(OH)2RH exhibited additional vibration bands associated with the presence of phytochemicals. On osteoblastic cells, NPs did not affect cell growth and morphology but significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; on osteoclastic cells, particles had little effect in protein content, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, percentage of multinucleated cells, and cell area. However, compared with Mg(OH)2, Mg(OH)2RH increased osteoblastic differentiation by inducing ALP activity and promoting the expression of Runx2, SP7, Col1a1, and ALP, and had a negative effect on the expression of the osteoclastic genes NFATC1, CA2, and CTSK. These observations suggest the potential usefulness of Mg(OH)2RH NPs in bone regeneration.

Download Full-text

Deletion of SIRT3 inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alleviates aging or estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in female mice

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2021.116061 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 116061

Author(s):

Yijian Zhang ◽

Fan He ◽

Huilin Yang ◽

Xuesong Zhu

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Estrogen Deficiency ◽

Female Mice

Download Full-text

FRI0373 ASSOCIATIONS OF VASCULAR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND BONE METABOLISM IN ANTI-TNF- TREATED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS PATIENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 783.2-784

Author(s):

M. Czókolyová ◽

K. Gulyás ◽

Á. Horváth ◽

E. Végh ◽

Z. Pethö ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Certolizumab Pegol ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Research Support ◽

Vascular Markers

Background:Cardiovascular (CV) disease and osteoporosis (OP) have become increasing challenges in the ageing population, even more in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthropathies. Both RA and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have been associated with generalized and localized bone loss, accelerated atherosclerosis, increased CV morbidity and mortality.Objectives:Bone and vascular biomarkers and parameters along with the effect of one-year anti-TNF therapy on these markers were assessed in order to determine correlations between vascular pathophysiology and bone metabolism in RA and AS.Methods:Fifty-three patients including 36 RA patients treated with etanercept (ETN) or certolizumab pegol (CZP) and 17 AS patients treated with ETN were included in a 12-month follow-up study. Bone and vascular markers were assessed by ELISA. Bone density was assessed by DXA and quantitative CT (QCT). Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT) and pulse-wave velocity (PWV) were assessed by ultrasound. The effects of vascular markers on bone and bone effects on vasculature undergone statistical analysis.Results:Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), PDGF-BB, angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) and cathepsin K (CathK) decreased, procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) and sclerostin (SOST) levels increased, soluble receptor activator nuclear kappa B ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels showed no differences. When bone and vascular markers were correlated with each other, at baseline, OPG correlated with Ang2 and adiponectin. SOST correlated positively with ccIMT. DXA L2-4 BMD, DXA L1 BMD and DXA femoral neck (FN) BMD correlated with FMD and CRP. QCT trabecular BMD correlated with ccIMT and PON1. According to the univariate analysis, FMD correlated with OPG, ccIMT correlated with SOST and QCT trabecular BMD. Ang1, Ang2 and PDGF-BB showed correlation with Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Ang2 also correlated with OPG. As suggested by the multivariate analysis, OPG determined FMD; DKK1 was an independent predictor of Ang1, Ang2 and PDGF-BB. OPG was a predictor of Ang2.Conclusion:In our study of anti-TNF treated RA and AS patients, vascular and bone parameters showed numerous correlations. The therapy was clinically effective, it halted further bone loss over 1 year and reduced the production of angiogenic markers.Acknowledgments:This research was supported by an investigator-initiated research grant from Pfizer.Disclosure of Interests:Monika Czókolyová: None declared, Katalin Gulyás: None declared, Ágnes Horváth: None declared, Edit Végh: None declared, Zsófia Pethö: None declared, Szilvia Szamosi: None declared, Attila Hamar: None declared, Anita Pusztai: None declared, Emese Balogh: None declared, Nóra Bodnár: None declared, Levente Bodoki: None declared, Agnes Szentpetery: None declared, Harjit Pal Bhattoa: None declared, György Kerekes: None declared, Katalin Hodosi: None declared, Andrea Domjan: None declared, Sándor Szántó: None declared, Gabriella Szücs: None declared, Hennie Raterman Grant/research support from: UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Sqibb, Cellgene and Sanofi Genzyme, WIllem Lems Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Consultant of: Lilly, Pfizer, Zoltán Szekanecz Grant/research support from: Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: Sanofi, MSD, Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Novertis, Lilly, Gedeon Richter, Amgen

Download Full-text

Dietary Salt Accelerates Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Increased Osteoclast Activity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 596

Author(s):

Agnes Schröder ◽

Joshua Gubernator ◽

Alexandra Leikam ◽

Ute Nazet ◽

Fabian Cieplik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Osteoclast Activity ◽

Salt Uptake ◽

Periodontal Bone Loss ◽

The Impact

Dietary salt uptake and inflammation promote sodium accumulation in tissues, thereby modulating cells like macrophages and fibroblasts. Previous studies showed salt effects on periodontal ligament fibroblasts and on bone metabolism by expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells-5 (NFAT-5). Here, we investigated the impact of salt and NFAT-5 on osteoclast activity and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). After treatment of osteoclasts without (NS) or with additional salt (HS), we analyzed gene expression and the release of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and calcium phosphate resorption. We kept wild-type mice and mice lacking NFAT-5 in myeloid cells either on a low, normal or high salt diet and inserted an elastic band between the first and second molar to induce OTM. We analyzed the expression of genes involved in bone metabolism, periodontal bone loss, OTM and bone density. Osteoclast activity was increased upon HS treatment. HS promoted periodontal bone loss and OTM and was associated with reduced bone density. Deletion of NFAT-5 led to increased osteoclast activity with NS, whereas we detected impaired OTM in mice. Dietary salt uptake seems to accelerate OTM and induce periodontal bone loss due to reduced bone density, which may be attributed to enhanced osteoclast activity. NFAT-5 influences this reaction to HS, as we detected impaired OTM and osteoclast activity upon deletion.

Download Full-text