scholarly journals Development and Testing of a Dual-Wavelength Sensitive Photopolymer Layer for Applications in Stacking of HOE Lenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5564
Author(s):  
Sanjay Keshri ◽  
Brian Rogers ◽  
Kevin Murphy ◽  
Kevin Reynolds ◽  
Izabela Naydenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Holographic Recording ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Direct Light ◽  
Material Volume ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Wavelength Selectivity ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Diffraction

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) have been in development for many years and are an exciting technology with the capability to re-direct light, using diffraction rather than refraction. Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) are a subset of diffractive optical elements for which the photonic structure is created holographically, i.e., by recording a specific interference pattern in a suitable, photosensitive optical material. Volume HOEs are of particular interest for some applications because of their very high diffraction efficiency and single diffracted order; however, high dispersion and angular wavelength selectivity still present significant challenges. This paper explores a method for producing a compound DOE useful for situations where elements designed for two separate target wavelengths can be advantageously combined to achieve a highly efficient HOE with reduced dispersion. A photopolymer material consisting of two independently sensitized laminated layers is prepared and used in sequential holographic recording at two different wavelengths. The photonic structures recorded are investigated through examination of their diffraction peaks and comparison with the structure predicted by modeling. Finally, the device is illuminated with an expanded diverging beam at both target wavelengths and with white light, and a strong diffracted beam is observed.

scholarly journals Systematic design of microscope objectives. Part III: miscellaneous design principles and system synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
Yueqian Zhang ◽  
Herbert Gross
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Correction Function ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Very High ◽  
New System

Abstract In this paper, the lens modules used in the Zones 1–4 microscope objectives, which have been summarised in Part II, are utilised to create new structures. Both the modification of available systems and the synthesis of new system structures from basic building blocks are introduced. Moreover, design principles used under four special cases are introduced in this paper, including very-low-magnification Zone 5 objectives, very-high-magnification Zone 6 objectives, objectives with correction function (CORR) and objectives with diffractive optical elements, which were not systematically discussed in Part II. All the definitions and terms are based on the preceding papers.

scholarly journals Birefringence improvement in azopolymer doped with MFI zeolite nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimana Nazarova ◽  
Lian Nedelchev ◽  
Svetlana Mintova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Mfi Zeolite ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Type Zeolite

AbstractHybrid organic/inorganic materials based on combination of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles (NP) attract considerable attention due to their advantageous electrical, optical, or mechanical properties. Recently it was reported that doping photopolymers with nanoparticles allows to achieve near 100% net diffraction efficiency in case of conventional holographic recording. Thus, we have synthesized novel organic/inorganic composite materials by incorporating MFI (Mordenite Framework Inverted) type zeolite nanoparticles in an amorphous side-chain azopolymer. A considerable improvement of the photoresponse in thin films of these composite materials has been observed compared to the non-doped samples - nearly 25% increase of the saturated value of the birefringence.Moreover the photoinduced birefringence is stable in time which allows these materials to be used as media for diffractive optical elements with high efficiency and unique polarization properties.

scholarly journals Frequency Division Multiplexing of Terahertz Waves Realized by Diffractive Optical Elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6246
Author(s):  
Paweł Komorowski ◽  
Patrycja Czerwińska ◽  
Mateusz Kaluza ◽  
Mateusz Surma ◽  
Przemysław Zagrajek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Frequency Division ◽  
Terahertz Waves ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Wireless Telecommunication ◽  
Finite Distance

Recently, one of the most commonly discussed applications of terahertz radiation is wireless telecommunication. It is believed that the future 6G systems will utilize this frequency range. Although the exact technology of future telecommunication systems is not yet known, it is certain that methods for increasing their bandwidth should be investigated in advance. In this paper, we present the diffractive optical elements for the frequency division multiplexing of terahertz waves. The structures have been designed as a combination of a binary phase grating and a converging diffractive lens. The grating allows for differentiating the frequencies, while the lens assures separation and focusing at the finite distance. Designed structures have been manufactured from polyamide PA12 using the SLS 3D printer and verified experimentally. Simulations and experimental results are shown for different focal lengths. Moreover, parallel data transmission is shown for two channels of different carrier frequencies propagating in the same optical path. The designed structure allowed for detecting both signals independently without observable crosstalk. The proposed diffractive elements can work in a wide range of terahertz and sub-terahertz frequencies, depending on the design assumptions. Therefore, they can be considered as an appealing solution, regardless of the band finally used by the future telecommunication systems.

scholarly journals Nanooptical elements for visual verification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Goncharsky ◽  
Anton Goncharsky ◽  
Dmitry Melnik ◽  
Svyatoslav Durlevich
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Standard Equipment ◽  
Diffractive Element

AbstractThis paper focuses on the development of flat diffractive optical elements (DOEs) for protecting banknotes, documents, plastic cards, and securities against counterfeiting. A DOE is a flat diffractive element whose microrelief, when illuminated by white light, forms a visual image consisting of several symbols (digits or letters), which move across the optical element when tilted. The images formed by these elements are asymmetric with respect to the zero order. To form these images, the microrelief of a DOE must itself be asymmetric. The microrelief has a depth of ~ 0.3 microns and is shaped with an accuracy of ~ 10–15 nm using electron-beam lithography. The DOEs developed in this work are securely protected against counterfeiting and can be replicated hundreds of millions of times using standard equipment meant for the mass production of relief holograms.

scholarly journals Mobile snapshot hyperspectral imaging device for skin evaluation using diffractive optical elements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kern ◽  
Uwe Speck ◽  
Rainer Riesenberg ◽  
Carina Reble ◽  
Georg Khazaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Diffractive Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Imaging Device
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