scholarly journals Comparison of Traffic Flow Models with Real Traffic Data Based on a Quantitative Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9914
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Romanowska ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
Real Traffic

The fundamental relationship of traffic flow and bivariate relations between speed and flow, speed and density, and flow and density are of great importance in transportation engineering. Fundamental relationship models may be applied to assess and forecast traffic conditions at uninterrupted traffic flow facilities. The objective of the article was to analyze and compare existing models of the fundamental relationship. To that end, we proposed a universal and quantitative method for assessing models of the fundamental relationship based on real traffic data from a Polish expressway. The proposed methodology seeks to address the problem of finding the best deterministic model to describe the empirical relationship between fundamental traffic flow parameters: average speed, flow, and density based on simple and transparent criteria. Both single and multi-regime models were considered: a total of 17 models. For the given data, the results helped to identify the best performing models that meet the boundary conditions and ensure simplicity, empirical accuracy, and good estimation of traffic flow parameters.

scholarly journals The impact of heavy vehicle’s composition to traffic performance of Jakarta Intra Urban Toll Road (JIUT) in macroscopic level

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
Nahry Yusuf ◽  
Ismi Dilianda Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Freight vehicle access restriction policy in 2011 has had an impact on the performance of Jakarta Intra Urban Toll way (JIUT) system. The statutory segment (Cawang-Tomang) of this toll road system seems to have better performance, but not for the advisory segment (Cawang -Ancol). Basically, heavy vehicles (HV) shift their routes to the advisory segment to avoid the statutory segment at which they are prohibited to access from 05.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.. This study aims to investigate the impact of the HV composition on the traffic performance of the advisory segment of JIUT. Data were obtained from 48 hours of traffic recording at a part of Cawang-Ancol segment. It was found that the Underwood Model (exponential model) can represent the relationship between the three main parameters of traffic flow on the advisory segment, i.e. volume, speed, and density. Based on the developed traffic flow models which are classified on the HV composition, it is shown that the free flow speed (uf) for HV composition < 6% (i.e. 144.91 km/h) is higher 35.41% than the one of HV > 6% (i.e. 107.02 km/h). The actual road capacity (qm) in HV composition < 6% (i.e. 4442 pcu/hour) also higher 12.83% than the one of HV > 6% (i.e. 3937 pcu/hour). The results will benefit to the transport authority to justify the truck access restriction implementation.

Analysis and Comparison of Microscopic Traffic Flow Models with Real Traffic Microscopic Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 1934 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Punzo ◽  
Fulvio Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Microscopic Traffic Simulation ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
Real Traffic ◽  
Better Than

The evermore widespread use of microscopic traffic simulation in the analysis of road systems has refocused attention on submodels, including car-following models. The difficulties of microscopic-level simulation models in the accurate reproduction of real traffic phenomena stem not only from the complexity of calibration and validation operations but also from the structural inadequacies of the submodels themselves. Both of these drawbacks originate from the scant information available on real phenomena because of the difficulty with the gathering of accurate field data. In this study, the use of kinematic differential Global Positioning System instruments allowed the trajectories of four vehicles in a platoon to be accurately monitored under real traffic conditions on both urban and extraurban roads. Some of these data were used to analyze the behaviors of four microscopic traffic flow models that differed greatly in both approach and complexity. The effect of the choice of performance measures on the model calibration results was first investigated, and intervehicle spacing was shown to be the most reliable measure. Model calibrations showed results similar to those obtained in other studies that used test track data. Instead, validations resulted in higher deviations compared with those from previous studies (with peaks in cross validations between urban and extraurban experiments). This confirms the need for real traffic data. On comparison of the models, all models showed similar performances (i.e., similar deviations in validation). Surprisingly, however, the simplest model performed on average better than the others, but the most complex one was the most robust, never reaching particularly high deviations.

Empirical Assessment of a Markovian Traffic Flow Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 1591 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Jen Lan ◽  
Gary A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Field Data ◽  
High Order ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Previous research efforts on developing traffic flow models to account for traffic flow dynamics over transportation networks have centered on macroscopic high-order models. It is unclear whether traffic flow dynamics can be well described using a high-order model formulation, but for real-time traffic control, it is important to have tractable yet accurate models. Described here is a set of tractable traffic flow models based on the Markovian compartment concept. The basic models can be further modified to produce effects analogous to high-order models in capturing unstable traffic behavior during congestion. Special treatments are also made to account for the effects of conflicting flow on the predicted turning exit flow at intersection approaches. The proposed models are evaluated using field data. The results indicate that all the model parameters, including traffic flow parameters and gap acceptance parameters, are reasonably estimated, and the underlying models provide good fits to the field data.

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF NETWORK TRAFFIC FLOW

Transport ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundas Junevičius ◽  
Marijonas Bogdevičius
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Network Traffic ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
Made In

The article describes mathematical models of traffic flows to initiate different traffic flow processes. Separate elements of traffic flow models are made in a way to be connected together to get a single complex model. A model of straight road with different boundary conditions is presented as a separate part of the network traffic flow model. First testing is conducted in case the final point of the whole modelled traffic line is closed and no output from that point is possible. The second test is performed when a constant value of traffic flow speed and traffic flow rate is entered. Mathematical simulation is carried out and the obtained results are listed.

Stochastic Traffic Flow Models of the National Airspace System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monish Tandale ◽  
Jinwhan Kim ◽  
Karthik Palaniappan ◽  
P. K. Menon ◽  
Jay Rosenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
National Airspace System ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Study of the Response of PW Traffic Flow Model to a Bottleneck on a Circular Road and its Suitability for Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Model Response ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

The traffic flow conditions in developing countries are predominantly heterogeneous. The early developed traffic flow models have been derived from fluid flow to capture the behavior of the traffic. The very first two-equation model derived from fluid flow is known as the Payne-Whitham or PW Model. Along with the traffic flow, this model also captures the traffic acceleration. However, the PW model adopts a constant driver behavior which cannot be ignored, especially in the situation of heterogeneous traffic.This research focuses on testing the PW model and its suitability for heterogeneous traffic conditions by observing the model response to a bottleneck on a circular road. The PW model is mathematically approximated using the Roe Decomposition and then the performance of the model is observed using simulations.

Dual EKF State and Parameter Estimation in Multi-Class First-Order Traffic Flow Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 14078-14083 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W.C. Van Lint ◽  
Serge P. Hoogendoorn ◽  
A. Hegyi
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
First Order ◽  
Traffic Flow Models
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