scholarly journals Exoproduction and Molecular Characterization of Peroxidase from Ensifer adhaerens

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Falade ◽  
Atef Jaouani ◽  
Leonard Mabinya ◽  
Anthony Okoh ◽  
Uchechukwu Nwodo
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Uncharacterized Protein ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Catalase Peroxidase ◽  
Ensifer Adhaerens

The increased industrial application potentials of peroxidase have led to high market demand, which has outweighed the commercially available peroxidases. Hence, the need for alternative and efficient peroxidase-producers is imperative. This study reported the process parameters for enhanced exoperoxidase production by Ensifer adhaerens NWODO-2 (accession number: KX640918) for the first time, and characterized the enzyme using molecular methods. Peroxidase production by the bacteria was optimal at 48 h, with specific productivity of 12.76 U mg−1 at pH 7, 30 °C and 100 rpm in an alkali lignin fermentation medium supplemented with guaiacol as the most effective inducer and ammonium sulphate as the best inorganic nitrogen source. Upon assessment of some agricultural residues as sources of carbon for the enzyme production, sawdust gave the highest peroxidase productivity (37.50 U mg−1) under solid-state fermentation. A search of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified peroxidase gene in UniProtKB using blastx showed 70.5% similarity to an uncharacterized protein in Ensifer adhaerens but phylogenetic analysis suggests that the gene may encode a catalase-peroxidase with an estimated molecular weight of approximately 31 kDa and isoelectric point of about 11. The nucleotide sequence of the detected gene was deposited in the GenBank under the accession number MF374336. In conclusion, the ability of the strain to utilize lignocellulosic materials for peroxidase production augurs well for biotechnological application as this would greatly reduce cost, which is a major challenge in industrial enzyme production.

Stimulation of dextranase production by oxidized dextran

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Penicillium Funiculosum ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Oxidized Dextran ◽  
Excess Glucose ◽  
Stimulation Of

Penicillium funiculosum, Penicillium lilacinum, and Spicaria violacea produced excellent yields of dextranase if ketodextran replaced dextran as a carbon source. Ketodextrans I and II having degrees of substitution of 2 and 20% respectively were used in this study. P. funiculosum grew equally well on dextran and ketodextran I but less well on ketodextran II. Addition of a readily metabolizable carbohydrate such as glucose, sucrose, or galactose stimulated growth on ketodextran II, resulting in better dextranase production. However, excess glucose reversed this increase in enzyme production. Replacement of an inorganic nitrogen source with an organic one further stimulated dextranase production during growth of P. funiculosum on ketodextran II.

scholarly journals Solid-state fermentation for production of Pectic enzymes by Aspergillus niger

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Mirza M.V. Baig ◽  
Aniruddha Ratnakar Apastambh
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Pectic Enzymes

The production of Pectic enzymes by Aspergillus niger was studied under solid state fermentation (SSF). The effect of fermentation condition such as substrate concentration, inoculum volume, incubation time, moistening agent, inducers and organic and inorganic nitrogen sources was studied for enzyme production. Culture conditions were optimized for maximal yield of enzyme. The solid substrate wheat bran was most suitable for pectic enzyme production under SSF. Enzyme production was found maximum after 10 days of incubation. Lactose was found to be most effective as inducer. Gelatin as organic nitrogen source and ammonium nitrate as inorganic nitrogen source yielded high enzyme titres.

scholarly journals Screening of Bacterial Strains for Polygalacturonase Activity: Its Production by Bacillus sphaericus (MTCC 7542)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranveer Singh Jayani ◽  
Surendra Kumar Shukla ◽  
Reena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Polygalacturonase Production ◽  
Polygalacturonase Activity

At present almost all the pectinolytic enzymes used for industrial applications are produced by fungi. There are a few reports of pectinase production by bacterial strains. Therefore, in the present study, seventy-four bacterial strains, isolated from soil and rotten vegetable samples, were screened for polygalacturonase production. The strain PG-31, which gave maximum activity, was identified as Bacillus sphaericus (MTCC 7542). Maximal quantities of polygalacturonase were produced when a 16-hours-old inoculum was used at 7.5% (v/v) in production medium and incubated in shaking conditions (160 rpm) for 72 hours. The optimal temperature and pH for bacterial growth and polygalacturonase production were found to be 30∘C and 6.8, respectively. Maximum enzyme production resulted when citrus pectin was used as the carbon source at a concentration of 1.25% (w/v), whereas other carbon sources led to a decrease (30%–70%) in enzyme production. Casein hydrolysate and yeast extract used together as organic nitrogen source gave best results, and ammonium chloride was found to be the most suitable inorganic nitrogen source. The supplementation of media with 0.9% (w/v) D-galacturonic acid led to a 23% increase in activity. Bacillus sphaericus, a bacterium isolated from soil, produced good amount of polygalacturonase activity at neutral pH; hence, it would be potentially useful to increase the yield of banana, grape, or apple juice.

scholarly journals Colorimetric determination of alpha and beta-cyclodextrins and studies on optimization of CGTase production from B. firmus using factorial designs

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma Hiroko Higuti ◽  
Priscila Anunciação da Silva ◽  
Juliana Papp ◽  
Vivian Mayumi de Eiróz Okiyama ◽  
Edicléia Alves de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Initial Ph

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.19, CGTase) production from B. firmus, isolated from soil of Curitiba, PR, was optimized in shake flask using an experimental design approach. The CGTase was produced when the carbon source was starch and beta-CD, but when simple sugars such as glucose, galactose, lactose, sucrose, and maltose were used, there was no enzyme production. CGTase production was the same with either organic nitrogen or inorganic nitrogen source. CGTase activity decreased 2-fold when incubation temperature was increased from 28 to 37 ° C, and decreased 2.1- fold when the initial pH was lowered from 10.3 to 7.4. The colorimetric determinations of alpha - and beta -CD were analyzed as a non-linear relationship and the equilibrium constant for alpha -CD/methyl orange and beta -CD/phenolphthalein complexes were 7.69 x 10³ L / mol and 2.33 x 10³ L/ mol, respectively.

Tillage and Inorganic Nitrogen Source Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Irrigated Cropping Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardell D. Halvorson ◽  
Stephen J. Del Grosso ◽  
Francesco Alluvione
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Source Effects

Organic and inorganic nitrogen source effects on the metabolism of Clostridium acetobytulicum

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
FrankW. Welsh ◽  
RossE. Williams ◽  
IvanA. Veliky
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Source Effects

scholarly journals Keratinolytic protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa for leather skin processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeasmin Akter Moonnee ◽  
Md Javed Foysal ◽  
Abu Hashem ◽  
Md Faruque Miah
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Maximum Production

Abstract Background The leather industry generates huge volume of waste each year. Keratin is the principal constituents of this waste that is resistant to degradation. Some bacteria have the ability to degrade keratin through synthesis of a protease called keratinase that can be used as sources of animal feed and industrial production of biodiesel, biofertilizer, and bioplastic. Majority of the studies focused on keratin degradation using gram-positive bacteria. Not much of studies are currently available on production of keratinase from gram-negative bacteria and selection of best parameters for the maximum production of enzyme. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize both groups of bacteria from soil for keratinase and optimize the production parameters. Results A total of 50 isolates were used for initial screening of enzyme production in skim milk, casein, and feather meal agar. Out of 50, five isolates showed significantly higher enzyme production in preliminary screening assays. Morphological and biochemical characterization revealed 60% of the isolates as gram-negative bacteria including two highest enzyme-producing isolates. The isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa through sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Maximum production of enzyme from P. aeruginosa YK17 was achieved with 2% chicken feather, beef extract, and ammonium nitrate as organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and glucose as a carbon source. Further analysis revealed that 3% inoculum, 40 °C growth temperature and 72-h incubation, resulted in maximum production of keratinase. Conclusion The overall results showed significant higher production of enzyme by the P. aeruginosa YK17 that can be used for the degradation of recalcitrant keratin waste and chemical dehairing in leather industries, thereby preventing environmental pollution.

Roles of low pH, carbon and inorganic nitrogen source use in chlamydospore formation by Fusarium solani

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1381-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Chlamydospore Formation ◽  
Sudan Iii ◽  
Source Use ◽  
Germ Tubes ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Citrate and malate were poorer sources of exogenous carbon than several hexose, pentose, or disaccharide sugars for supporting macroconidial germination by Fusarium solani at high conidial density (1 × 105 conidia/ml). Only citrate, however, failed to block chlamydospore morphogenesis to a degree comparable to glucose or other readily used sugars. Mostly immature chlamydospores were formed in the presence of citrate. At low conidial density (5 × 103 conidia/ml), exogenous carbon-independent macroconidial germination and subsequent rapid chlamydospore formation on germ tubes was not inhibited by ammonium or nitrate nitrogen. The citrate–phosphate buffered, low pH (4.0) medium of Cochrane induced more immature chlamydospore formation by F. solani than a pH 6.0 medium, but few mature chlamydospores were formed in either medium. Condensation of hyphal cytoplasm into developing chlamydospores, a character typical of chlamydospore formation, did not occur extensively and macroconidia, hyphae, and immature chlamydospores stained deeply with Sudan III, suggesting lipid biosynthesis. This inhibition of chlamydospore maturation may be due partly to nitrogen deficiency imposed by the high C: N ratio of the medium and to the presence of citrate. Only vesiculate hyphal cells were formed by F. solani f. sp. phaseoli in both media.Field soils to which the clone of F. solani used is indigenous had mean pH values ranging from 5.2 to 6.0.

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