scholarly journals Smart Climate Hydropower Tool: A Machine-Learning Seasonal Forecasting Climate Service to Support Cost–Benefit Analysis of Reservoir Management

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Essenfelder ◽  
Francesca Larosa ◽  
Paolo Mazzoli ◽  
Stefano Bagli ◽  
Davide Broccoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Support Cost

This study proposes a climate service named Smart Climate Hydropower Tool (SCHT) and designed as a hybrid forecast system for supporting decision-making in a context of hydropower production. SCHT is technically designed to make use of information from state-of-art seasonal forecasts provided by the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS) combined with a range of different machine learning algorithms to perform the seasonal forecast of the accumulated inflow discharges to the reservoir of hydropower plants. The machine learning algorithms considered include support vector regression, Gaussian processes, long short-term memory, non-linear autoregressive neural networks with exogenous inputs, and a deep-learning neural networks model. Each machine learning model is trained over past decades datasets of recorded data, and forecast performances are validated and evaluated using separate test sets with reference to the historical average of discharge values and simpler multiparametric regressions. Final results are presented to the users through a user-friendly web interface developed from a tied connection with end-users in an effective co-design process. Methods are tested for forecasting the accumulated seasonal river discharges up to six months in advance for two catchments in Colombia, South America. Results indicate that the machine learning algorithms that make use of a complex and/or recurrent architecture can better simulate the temporal dynamic behaviour of the accumulated river discharge inflow to both case study reservoirs, thus rendering SCHT a useful tool in providing information for water resource managers in better planning the allocation of water resources for different users and for hydropower plant managers when negotiating power purchase contracts in competitive energy markets.

Introduction and Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in R

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-147
Author(s):  
S. R. Mani Sekhar ◽  
G. M. Siddesh
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Given

Machine learning is one of the important areas in the field of computer science. It helps to provide an optimized solution for the real-world problems by using past knowledge or previous experience data. There are different types of machine learning algorithms present in computer science. This chapter provides the overview of some selected machine learning algorithms such as linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, naive Bayes classifier, neural networks, and decision trees. Each of these methods is illustrated in detail with an example and R code, which in turn assists the reader to generate their own solutions for the given problems.

A Very Large-Scale Bioactivity Comparison of Deep Learning and Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Lane ◽  
Daniel H. Foil ◽  
Eni Minerali ◽  
Fabio Urbina ◽  
Kimberley M. Zorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Methods

<p>Machine learning methods are attracting considerable attention from the pharmaceutical industry for use in drug discovery and applications beyond. In recent studies we have applied multiple machine learning algorithms, modeling metrics and in some cases compared molecular descriptors to build models for individual targets or properties on a relatively small scale. Several research groups have used large numbers of datasets from public databases such as ChEMBL in order to evaluate machine learning methods of interest to them. The largest of these types of studies used on the order of 1400 datasets. We have now extracted well over 5000 datasets from CHEMBL for use with the ECFP6 fingerprint and comparison of our proprietary software Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> with random forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, support vector classification, naïve Bayesian, AdaBoosted decision trees, and deep neural networks (3 levels). Model performance <a>was</a> assessed using an array of five-fold cross-validation metrics including area-under-the-curve, F1 score, Cohen’s kappa and Matthews correlation coefficient. <a>Based on ranked normalized scores for the metrics or datasets all methods appeared comparable while the distance from the top indicated Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> and support vector classification were comparable. </a>Unlike prior studies which have placed considerable emphasis on deep neural networks (deep learning), no advantage was seen in this case where minimal tuning was performed of any of the methods. If anything, Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> may have been at a slight advantage as the activity cutoff for each of the over 5000 datasets representing over 570,000 unique compounds was based on Assay Central<sup>TM</sup>performance, but support vector classification seems to be a strong competitor. We also apply Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> to prospective predictions for PXR and hERG to further validate these models. This work currently appears to be the largest comparison of machine learning algorithms to date. Future studies will likely evaluate additional databases, descriptors and algorithms, as well as further refining methods for evaluating and comparing models. </p><p><b> </b></p>

scholarly journals A Data-Driven Predictive Prognostic Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries based on a Deep Learning Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phattara Khumprom ◽  
Nita Yodo
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Support Vector

Prognostic and health management (PHM) can ensure that a lithium-ion battery is working safely and reliably. The main approach of PHM evaluation of the battery is to determine the State of Health (SoH) and the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the battery. The advancements of computational tools and big data algorithms have led to a new era of data-driven predictive analysis approaches, using machine learning algorithms. This paper presents the preliminary development of the data-driven prognostic, using a Deep Neural Networks (DNN) approach to predict the SoH and the RUL of the lithium-ion battery. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was implemented in a case study with a battery dataset obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Prognostics Center of Excellence (PCoE) database. The proposed DNN algorithm was compared against other machine learning algorithms, namely, Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Linear Regression (LR). The experimental results reveal that the performance of the DNN algorithm could either match or outweigh other machine learning algorithms. Further, the presented results could serve as a benchmark of SoH and RUL prediction using machine learning approaches specifically for lithium-ion batteries application.

Combined Evidence of MFCC and CRP Features Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Singer Identification

2020 ◽  
pp. 2158001
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Rajesh ◽  
N. J. Nalini
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Singer Identification

Singer identification is a challenging task in music information retrieval because of the combined instrumental music with the singing voice. The previous approaches focus on identification of singers based on individual features extracted from the music clips. The objective of this work is to combine Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Chroma DCT-reduced Pitch (CRP) features for singer identification system (SID) using machine learning techniques. The proposed system has mainly two phases. In the feature extraction phase, MFCC, [Formula: see text]MFCC, [Formula: see text]MFCC and CRP features are extracted from the music clips. In the identification phase, extracted features are trained with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM)-based Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) and tested to identify different singer classes. The identification accuracy and Equal Error Rate (EER) are used as performance measures. Further, the experiments also demonstrate the effectiveness of score level fusion of MFCC and CRP feature in the singer identification system. Also, the experimental results are compared with the baseline system using support vector machines (SVM).

scholarly journals Detecting sarcasm in multi-domain datasets using convolutional neural networks and long short term memory network model

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e645
Author(s):  
Ramish Jamil ◽  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Furqan Rustam ◽  
Eysha Saad ◽  
Arif Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

Sarcasm emerges as a common phenomenon across social networking sites because people express their negative thoughts, hatred and opinions using positive vocabulary which makes it a challenging task to detect sarcasm. Although various studies have investigated the sarcasm detection on baseline datasets, this work is the first to detect sarcasm from a multi-domain dataset that is constructed by combining Twitter and News Headlines datasets. This study proposes a hybrid approach where the convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used for feature extraction while the long short-term memory (LSTM) is trained and tested on those features. For performance analysis, several machine learning algorithms such as random forest, support vector classifier, extra tree classifier and decision tree are used. The performance of both the proposed model and machine learning algorithms is analyzed using the term frequency-inverse document frequency, bag of words approach, and global vectors for word representations. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model surpasses the performance of the traditional machine learning algorithms with an accuracy of 91.60%. Several state-of-the-art approaches for sarcasm detection are compared with the proposed model and results suggest that the proposed model outperforms these approaches concerning the precision, recall and F1 scores. The proposed model is accurate, robust, and performs sarcasm detection on a multi-domain dataset.

scholarly journals A Research on Deep Learning Advance for Landslide Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 903-906
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Proposed Model

Landslides can easily be tragic to human life and property. Increase in the rate of human settlement in the mountains has resulted in safety concerns. Landslides have caused economic loss between 1-2% of the GDP in many developing countries. In this study, we discuss a deep learning approach to detect landslides. Convolutional Neural Networks are used for feature extraction for our proposed model. As there was no source of an exact and precise data set for feature extraction, therefore, a new data set was built for testing the model. We have tested and compared this work with our proposed model and with other machine-learning algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Random Forest, AdaBoost, K-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine. Our proposed deep learning model produces a classification accuracy of 96.90% outperforming the classical machine-learning algorithms.

scholarly journals Integrating Traditional Machine Learning and Neural Networks for Image Processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Laptev ◽  
Vladislav Laptev ◽  
Olga Gerget ◽  
Dmitriy Kolpashchikov
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Fire Source ◽  
Artificial Neural

The article describes a feasibility study to assess the use of neural networks and traditional machine learning algorithms to solve various problems including image processing. A brief description of some algorithms of traditional machine learning, as well as anautomated service for choosing the best method for a specific task, is given. The authors also describe the features of artificial neural networks and the most popular places for theirapplication. An algorithm for solving the problem of detecting fire hazardous objects andlocalizing a fire source in a forest using video sequence frames is presented. The article compares the characteristics of artificial neural network models according to the followingcriteria: underlying architecture, the number of analyzed frames, the size of the input image, the transfer learning model used as a feature vector composing network. Acomparative analysis of traditional machine learning algorithms and neural networks withlong short-term memory in the problem of classification of forest fire hazards is made. A solution to localization of the source of fire based on clustering is described. A hybrid algorithm for finding a fire source in a forest is developed and illustrated.

Introduction and Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in R

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
S. R. Mani Sekhar ◽  
G. M. Siddesh
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Given

Machine learning is one of the important areas in the field of computer science. It helps to provide an optimized solution for the real-world problems by using past knowledge or previous experience data. There are different types of machine learning algorithms present in computer science. This chapter provides the overview of some selected machine learning algorithms such as linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, naive Bayes classifier, neural networks, and decision trees. Each of these methods is illustrated in detail with an example and R code, which in turn assists the reader to generate their own solutions for the given problems.

A Very Large-Scale Bioactivity Comparison of Deep Learning and Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Lane ◽  
Daniel H. Foil ◽  
Eni Minerali ◽  
Fabio Urbina ◽  
Kimberley M. Zorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Methods

<p>Machine learning methods are attracting considerable attention from the pharmaceutical industry for use in drug discovery and applications beyond. In recent studies we have applied multiple machine learning algorithms, modeling metrics and in some cases compared molecular descriptors to build models for individual targets or properties on a relatively small scale. Several research groups have used large numbers of datasets from public databases such as ChEMBL in order to evaluate machine learning methods of interest to them. The largest of these types of studies used on the order of 1400 datasets. We have now extracted well over 5000 datasets from CHEMBL for use with the ECFP6 fingerprint and comparison of our proprietary software Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> with random forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, support vector classification, naïve Bayesian, AdaBoosted decision trees, and deep neural networks (3 levels). Model performance <a>was</a> assessed using an array of five-fold cross-validation metrics including area-under-the-curve, F1 score, Cohen’s kappa and Matthews correlation coefficient. <a>Based on ranked normalized scores for the metrics or datasets all methods appeared comparable while the distance from the top indicated Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> and support vector classification were comparable. </a>Unlike prior studies which have placed considerable emphasis on deep neural networks (deep learning), no advantage was seen in this case where minimal tuning was performed of any of the methods. If anything, Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> may have been at a slight advantage as the activity cutoff for each of the over 5000 datasets representing over 570,000 unique compounds was based on Assay Central<sup>TM</sup>performance, but support vector classification seems to be a strong competitor. We also apply Assay Central<sup>TM</sup> to prospective predictions for PXR and hERG to further validate these models. This work currently appears to be the largest comparison of machine learning algorithms to date. Future studies will likely evaluate additional databases, descriptors and algorithms, as well as further refining methods for evaluating and comparing models. </p><p><b> </b></p>

scholarly journals Machine learning enables accurate and rapid prediction of active molecules against breast cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyun He ◽  
Duancheng Zhao ◽  
Yanle Ling ◽  
Hanxuan Cai ◽  
Yike Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Local Version ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting

AbstractSummaryBreast cancer (BC) has surpassed lung cancer as the most frequently occurring cancer, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover or design new drug candidates for BC treatment. In this study, we first collected a series of structurally diverse datasets consisting of 33,757 active and 21,152 inactive compounds for 13 breast cancer cell lines and one normal breast cell line commonly used in in vitro antiproliferative assays. Predictive models were then developed using five conventional machine learning algorithms, including naïve Bayesian, support vector machine, k-Nearest Neighbors, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting, as well as five deep learning algorithms, including deep neural networks, graph convolutional networks, graph attention network, message passing neural networks, and Attentive FP. A total of 476 single models and 112 fusion models were constructed based on three types of molecular representations including molecular descriptors, fingerprints, and graphs. The evaluation results demonstrate that the best model for each BC cell subtype can achieve high predictive accuracy for the test sets with AUC values of 0.689–0.993. Moreover, important structural fragments related to BC cell inhibition were identified and interpreted. To facilitate the use of the model, an online webserver called ChemBC and its local version software were developed to predict potential anti-BC agents.AvailabilityChemBC webserver is available at http://chembc.idruglab.cn/ and its local version Python software is maintained at a GitHub repository (https://github.com/idruglab/ChemBC)[email protected] or [email protected] informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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