scholarly journals Cold Waves in Poznań (Poland) and Thermal Conditions in the City during Selected Cold Waves

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Tomczyk ◽  
Marek Półrolniczak ◽  
Leszek Kolendowicz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Cold Waves ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Simulation on Cik Ditiro Corridor

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Septian Eka Prayoga ◽  
Arif Kusumawanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
Climate Variable ◽  
The City ◽  
Research Show

Surface materials that turn into hard surface material and lack of vegetations are some of the effects of rapid development that can affect the micro climate in urban areas. This happened on Cik Ditiro corridor in the city of Yogyakarta which had quite dense activities, this was marked by various functions of land use and human activities throughout the day. The method is simulation method that uses the EnviMET 4.0 software and the empirical measurements. This method is to simulate the value of each climate variable in existing conditions and ideal conditions. The results of this research show that the condition of the Cik Ditiro corridor still belongs to the heat which is uncomfortable thermal conditions. Recommendations result of this research is to make better thermal comfort on corridor. The result of this research to give recommendations in terms of improving better for thermal comfort.

scholarly journals Simulation of thermal comfort on public space and buildings around river in Banjarmasin-Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
A Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Wood Construction ◽  
Gathering Place ◽  
The City

Abstract The climate and environmental aspects are one of the things that affect architectural products. The city as a gathering place that interacts for a particular purpose has influenced the shape and visual of the city. The density of buildings in a city has affected the urban microclimate. Urban get hotter than rural areas. Urban planners need to pay attention to several aspects related to the solution to the design of the humid tropics. The concept of greening the city evenly and thoroughly, so that the thermal is not too high that can affect comfort. In this research used Rhinoceros 5, Grasshopper, Ladybug, and ladybug for simulation and validation data of wet bulb temperature on a psychometric chart and CBE Thermal Comfort Tool from ASHRAE-55 standard. The purpose of this study used simulation is to facilitate and predict the thermal conditions of buildings and the environment. This application is also used by researchers and architect designers. Based on the simulation, the indoor maximum effective temperature and standard effective temperature are always uncomfortable zones. The building condition with wooden construction is higher of thermal comfort compared with concrete construction buildings and the wood construction is faster reaches maximum value compared to concrete construction.

Analysis of urban thermal environments based on the perception and simulation of the microclimate in the historic city of Tlemcen

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Ghaffour ◽  
Mohammed Nabil Ouissi ◽  
Marc André Velay Dabat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
View Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

PurposeThe preservation of historic urban centres prevents anarchic development of the city and ensures a harmonious evolution of the urban form. It also improves the quality of life in the context of climate and environmental change. Morphological and geometric indicators of the urban fabric are key parameters in the formation of external microclimates. They provide a positive effect on the thermal comfort of pedestrians. The objective of this work is to study the impact of the site morphology on the external microclimate and to understand the relationship between the subjective perception and the objective quantification of the thermal environment. The result of this study has allowed us to propose solutions for the creation of a microclimate favourable to the appropriation of outdoor spaces. The authors finally propose guidelines for the design and rehabilitation of the historic site based on the establishment of links between the site's configuration, microclimatic conditions and users' perceptions.Design/methodology/approachPart of this study included the analysis of the microclimate of the historic “Bab El Hadid” district of the City of Tlemcen, by developing a questionnaire survey and a numerical simulation validated by measurements of the microclimate the authors made on site. To complete this task, the authors applied the Envi-met 4.1 model during the coldest month of the winter and the hottest month of the summer. Urban parameters are represented at different measurement points characterised by a variability of the sky view factor (SVF).FindingsThe results presented in terms of average expected the predicted mean vote (PMV) voting, solar access and air temperature. They show that thermal conditions are directly related to the SVF, the height/width ratio (H/L) of streets as well as the orientation of urban canyons. The points located in the streets facing North–South, present an acceptable performance. Streets shaded by trees with a canyon aspect ratio of between 1.18 and 1.70 reduce heat stress in outdoor spaces. The PMV models discussed provide information on the most appropriate locations for pedestrians. The authors have proposed urban orientations that could limit unfavourable conditions in outdoor spaces. They are useful for architects and urban planners in the design and rehabilitation of historic centres.Originality/valueIn Tlemcen, the microclimate is not taken into account in the design and rehabilitation of urban fabrics. For this specific purpose, the authors want to stress in the research the importance of safeguarding urban heritage through the renewal of the old city and the bioclimatic rehabilitation of its urban spaces.

scholarly journals The Role of Shade in Persian Garden, The Study of Thermal Comfort Conditions in Jahannama and Delgosha gardens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Taghvaei Seyed ◽  
Mansoureh Tahbaz ◽  
Samaneh Mottaghi Pishe
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
The City

Since the advent of modern methods and new constructional approaches in architecture and landscape architecture, traditional architecture techniques which were based on utilizing natural energies have been completely set aside. In this case, the art of Iranian gardening has a great deal of valuable achievements and experiences which need to be reconsidered. Owing to its special geographic situation, the city of Shiraz includes a number of globally well-known gardens such as Eram, Jahannama, and Delgosha garden. As long as Persian gardens are considered as important parts of open and green spaces and urban landscapes in cities, the main purpose of this paper is the study of their structural features along with the role they play in improving environmental quality and comfort conditions. From this point of view in Landscape architecture, a quantitative-qualitative study was performed for the first time based on two distinct samples of Persian garden, Jahannama and Delgosha, to evaluate the thermal conditions of the garden's microclimate compared with the local climate and surrounding urban environment in extreme summer heat as well as intense winter cold. In this research, the latest assessment index of the open space thermal condition named the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) has been employed to evaluate the obtained data on January 24th and 25th of 2013 and July 31th and August 4th of 2014. Field data has been collected by mobile weather forecast facilities capable of recording temperature, humidity, wind, air pressure, and radiation temperature on the pre-set grid in both gardens. Final results obtained by extracting data from meteorological stations and the achieved data indicated that the structural features of the samples can highly mitigate the microclimate condition against local climate as well as short-term and long-term climate of the city. So, the main achievement of the present study is determining the role of Persian garden in improving the quality of microclimate and local climate as well as investigating the role of garden's components in enhancing thermal comfort conditions inside it.

scholarly journals The urban heat island and the features of the flora in the Lublin City area, SE Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rysiak ◽  
Bożenna Czarnecka
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
City Center ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Various forms of human activity in large cities contribute to the creation of a specific climate and new environmental conditions for plants. One of the most important results is the so-called atmospheric urban heat island (UHI). The aim of this study was to compare the thermal conditions in the Lublin City center with those of suburban areas, and so confirm the existence of the UHI and then analyze the influence of thermal conditions on features of the flora. The analysis of the air temperatures was based on data from 2000 to 2014 provided by meteorological stations in the Lublin City center and its nearest surroundings. Floristic data were collected during field studies between 2012–2014 and included species richness and frequency, life forms, and synecological groups of the flora and its elements. The thermal requirements of species were defined on the basis of ecological indicator values (EIVs). Our research confirmed the presence of the UHI in the Lublin City center. Over the study period, the mean temperature in the city center was by 0.87°C higher than that in the suburban areas. The largest differences in mean annual air temperature between the city center and the suburbs were recorded in 2007 and 2011–2013. In total, 552 species were recorded, including six life-form and synecological groups, 246 thermophilous and 436 heliophilous species. The species richness, proportion of therophytes, alien, thermo- and heliophilous species decreased with distance from the city center. The thermal conditions expressed by the EIV L and T ranged from L = 4.5, T = 3.8 in the city center, to L = 3.1, T = 3.4 in the suburbs. An ordination analysis facilitated determination of the relationships between characteristics of the flora, the EIV values, and land use classes. An increasing level of anthropopressure was found to be positively correlated with thermal conditions and the flora traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different thermal conditions based on THI under different kind of tree types – as a specific case in a Ata Botanic Garden in eastern Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Bioclimatic Comfort ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
The City

Outdoor recreation is an important issue for people living in areas where they face problems caused by harsh climatic features like the city of Erzurum. The aim of this study was to determine the favourable features of tree species, which can grow in the city, for human bioclimatic comfort conditions. For this aim, measurements of climatic elements (temperature, humidity, and wind) were carried out under different tree canopies in the Ataturk University Ata Botanic Garden in July and August 2008. For the calculation of bioclimatic conditions, one of the most widely used indices, THI (Thermo hygrometric Index) was used based solely on the data of clear and calm days during the measurement period. From the results of the study, it was found that the canopy of Scotch pine trees can provide the most comfortable environment by increasing human thermal condition by 5.1 %, followed by Silver birch trees by 3.8 % which increased human thermal condition when compared to open space while mixed canopy did not give the respective results. Some suggestions about the use of plant materials in recreational areas are presented.

scholarly journals A new approach for highly resolved air temperature measurements in urban areas

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1001-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buttstädt ◽  
T. Sachsen ◽  
G. Ketzler ◽  
H. Merbitz ◽  
C. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The City

Abstract. In different fields of applied local climate investigation, highly resolved data of air temperature are of great importance. As a part of the research programme entitled City2020+, which deals with future climate conditions in agglomerations, this study focuses on increasing the quantity of urban air temperature data intended for the analysis of their spatial distribution. A new measurement approach using local transport buses as "riding thermometers" is presented. By this means, temperature data with a very high temporal and spatial resolution could be collected during scheduled bus rides. The data obtained provide the basis for the identification of thermally affected areas and for the investigation of factors in urban structure which influence the thermal conditions. Initial results from the ongoing study, which show the temperature distribution along different traverses through the city of Aachen, are presented.

scholarly journals CFD simulation and measurement of the thermal behavior inside a room of the institutional library: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Efrén Vázquez Silva ◽  
Franco David Cajas Muñoz ◽  
Marcelo Xavier Asitimbay Deleg ◽  
Paúl Bolívar Torres Jara ◽  
Gabriela Abad Farfán
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
The City

Abstract This article presents the results of the comparison between the CFD simulation and temperature measurements, both in the time domain, at a certain point of interest within a specific closed space (cubicle) of the institutional library of the Salesian Polytechnic University (UPS), at its headquarters in the city of Cuenca, Republic of Ecuador. In this specific case, solar radiation is considered as the main heat transfer mechanism, which is why it was considered in the applied simulation method. An acceptable relative error was obtained between the simulated and measured temperature values. During the summer period, the thermal conditions inside the cubicle are not suitable for the comfort of the users. The study developed can constitute a basic tool for possible future research related to the implementation of climate conditioning for the cubicle, the library in general and any other site with similar constructive and operational characteristics.

scholarly journals Relating urban development and densification to temporary changes in the air temperature in Warsaw (Poland)

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 513-523
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rozbicki ◽  
Małgorzata Kleniewska ◽  
Katarzyna Rozbicka ◽  
Grzegorz Majewski ◽  
Dariusz Gołaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Energy Balance ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Abstract The assessment of the influence of urbanisation effects on air temperature trends has been widely discussed in the literature. Urbanisation affects the urban active surface energy balance, resulting in the formation of urban heat island, also observed in the Warsaw conurbation. This article presents the diversity of long-term changes in air temperature at three Warsaw meteorological stations situated in the districts of Ursynów, Okęcie and Bielany, and demonstrates changes in thermal conditions during a long-term urbanisation process. Ursynów is the station where the changes of the surrounding area were most significant among the three analysed ones and the rise in the air temperature for this station was the greatest and it was observed from 7.5 °C in the years 1961–1970 to 8.5 °C in the years 2001–2010. The diversity of air temperature between the stations depends on their location. All of them are situated within the conurbation, at some distance from the city centre but the nature of their surroundings is different. The diversity applies to all annual characteristics of air temperature: its mean, mean maximum and mean minimum values.

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