scholarly journals The Role of IL-6 in Skin Fibrosis and Cutaneous Wound Healing

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Z. Johnson ◽  
Andrew W. Stevenson ◽  
Cecilia M. Prêle ◽  
Mark W. Fear ◽  
Fiona M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Reparative Process ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

The timely resolution of wound healing is critical for restoring the skin as a protective barrier. The switch from a proinflammatory to a reparative microenvironment must be tightly regulated. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a key modulator of the inflammatory and reparative process: it is involved in the differentiation, activation, and proliferation of leukocytes, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. This review examines the role of IL-6 in the healing of cutaneous wounds, and how dysregulation of IL-6 signaling can lead to either fibrosis or a failure to heal. The role of an IL-6/TGF-β feedback loop is discussed in the context of fibrogenesis, while IL-6 expression and responses in advanced age, diabetes, and obesity is outlined regarding the development of chronic wounds. Current research on therapies that modulate IL-6 is explored. Here, we consider IL-6′s diverse impact on cutaneous wound healing.

scholarly journals The Role of Calcium in Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6486
Author(s):  
Thayaalini Subramaniam ◽  
Mh Busra Fauzi ◽  
Yogeswaran Lokanathan ◽  
Jia Xian Law
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
New Ideas

Skin injury is quite common, and the wound healing is a complex process involving many types of cells, the extracellular matrix, and soluble mediators. Cell differentiation, migration, and proliferation are essential in restoring the integrity of the injured tissue. Despite the advances in science and technology, we have yet to find the ideal dressing that can support the healing of cutaneous wounds effectively, particularly for difficult-to-heal chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers, bed sores, and venous ulcers. Hence, there is a need to identify and incorporate new ideas and methods to design a more effective dressing that not only can expedite wound healing but also can reduce scarring. Calcium has been identified to influence the wound healing process. This review explores the functions and roles of calcium in skin regeneration and reconstruction during would healing. Furthermore, this review also investigates the possibility of incorporating calcium into scaffolds and examines how it modulates cutaneous wound healing. In summary, the preliminary findings are promising. However, some challenges remain to be addressed before calcium can be used for cutaneous wound healing in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Microfluidic and Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Cutaneous Wound Healing Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Shabestani Monfared ◽  
Peter Ertl ◽  
Mario Rothbauer
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound

Cutaneous wound healing is a complex multi-stage process involving direct and indirect cell communication events with the aim of efficiently restoring the barrier function of the skin. One key aspect in cutaneous wound healing is associated with cell movement and migration into the physically, chemically and biologically injured area resulting in wound closure. Understanding the conditions under which cell migration is impaired and elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that improve healing dynamics is therefore crucial in devising novel therapeutic strategies to elevate patient suffering, reduce scaring and eliminate chronic wounds. Following the global trend towards automation, miniaturization and integration of cell-based assays into microphysiological systems, conventional wound healing assays such as the scratch assay or cell exclusion assay have recently been translated and improved using microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. These miniaturized cell analysis systems allow precise spatial and temporal control over a range of dynamic microenvironmental factors including shear stress, biochemical and oxygen gradients to create more reliable in vitro models that resemble the in vivo microenvironment of a wound more closely on a molecular, cellular, and tissue level. The current review provides (a) an overview on the main molecular and cellular processes that take place during wound healing, (b) a brief introduction into conventional in vitro wound healing assays, and (c) a perspective on future cutaneous and vascular wound healing research using microfluidic technology.

Effects of bio-active ceramic resources in cutaneous wound healing and the role of TGF-β signaling

2006 ◽  
Vol 295 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Yong Chung ◽  
Sun Hee Do ◽  
Won-Il Jeong ◽  
Da-Hee Jeong ◽  
Sang-Joon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound

scholarly journals Role of Schwann cells in cutaneous wound healing

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walison N. Silva ◽  
Caroline Leonel ◽  
Pedro H. D. M. Prazeres ◽  
Isadora F. G. Sena ◽  
Daniel A. P. Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Cutaneous Wound

scholarly journals MicroRNA-200b/c-3p regulate epithelial plasticity and inhibit cutaneous wound healing by modulating TGF-β-mediated RAC1 signaling

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi Tang ◽  
Xueer Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Yuan Yan ◽  
Simin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Mirna Regulation ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Keratinocyte Migration ◽  
Epithelial Plasticity ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Cutaneous wound healing is pivotal for human skin to regain barrier function against pathogens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play regulatory roles in wound healing. However, the mechanism of miRNA regulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we focused on microRNA-200b/c-3p (miR-200b/c-3p) whose expression was abundant in intact epidermis, but dramatically decreased in skin wounds. In silico prediction identified RAC1 as a potential miR-200b/c-3p target. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-200b/c-p repressed RAC1 by direct targeting to its mRNA 3′UTR. Consistently, miR-200b/c-3p expression was discordantly related to RAC1 protein level during wound healing. Forced miR-200b/c-3p expression repressed RAC1 and inhibited keratinocyte migration as well as re-epithelialization in a mouse back skin full-thickness wound healing model. Mechanistically, miR-200b/c-3p modulated RAC1 to inhibit cell migration by repressing lamellipodia formation and intercellular adhesion dissolution in keratinocytes. Furthermore, we found that TGF-β1, which was highly expressed in skin wounds, contributed to the downregulation of miR-200b/c-3p in wound edge keratinocytes. Taken together, miR-200b/c-3p-mediated RAC1 repression inhibited keratinocyte migration to delay re-epithelialization. TGF-β1 induction attenuated miR-200b/c-3p regulation of RAC1 signaling in cutaneous wounds and the repression of miR-200b/c-3p accelerated keratinocyte migration to promote wound healing. Our data provide new insight into how miR-200b/c-3p affects keratinocyte migration and highlight the potential of miR-200b/c-3p targeting for accelerating wound healing.

scholarly journals Overweight induced by high-fat diet delays rat cutaneous wound healing

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana P. Nascimento ◽  
Andréa M. A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cutaneous Wound

Prolonged wound healing is a complication that contributes to morbidity and mortality. Overweight people regularly undergo surgery and trauma, and often develop chronic wounds, but the effects of the adipose tissue excess on cutaneous wound healing are not well understood. This study tested the hypothesis that overweight induced by a high-fat diet impairs rat cutaneous wound healing. Male Wistar rats were fed with either a high-fat or a standard (control) diet. After 15 weeks, an excisional lesion was done and the animals were killed 21 d later. Wound contraction and re-epithelialization, blood pressure, glucose and retroperitoneal fat were evaluated. After killing, lesion and adjacent normal skin were formol-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Inflammatory infiltrate, myofibroblasts, collagen fibres and cellular proliferation were analysed and blood vessels were evaluated using stereological methods. There was no difference in blood pressure and glucose, but retroperitoneal fat increased in the high-fat diet group. Animals fed with the high-fat diet presented delayed wound contraction and re-epithelialization. It was found that 21 d after wounding, overweight induced by a high-fat diet increased the inflammatory infiltrate and delayed myofibroblastic differentiation, collagen deposition, epithelial and connective tissue cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. These findings support the hypothesis that a high-fat diet exerts negative effects on rat cutaneous wound healing, due mainly to the prolongation of the inflammatory phase.

scholarly journals The Effect of Aloe vera (Linn) On Cutaneous Wound Healing and Wound Contraction Rate in Adult Rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Orendu Attah ◽  
Tonye Watson Jacks ◽  
Attah Jacob ◽  
Otong Eduitem ◽  
Barnabas John
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Contraction Rate ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Cutaneous Wounds ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel

Background: In the present research study, the rate of cutaneous wound healing and contraction rate in healthy rabbits using Aloe vera pulp was studied.Methods: Ten healthy rabbits were used for the study. They were divided into two groups consisting of five rabbits each. Cutaneous wounds were made on the lumbar region of each rabbit using a template which ensured that the wounds were of the same size in all the rabbits. 5ml of Aloe vera gel was applied to the wounds of the animals in the test group, while nothing was applied to the wound area of the animals in the control group. The wound area in each group was measured for a period of 21 days, using a venire caliper and tracing paper which was used to trace the wound area. Tissue samples were removed from the wound area in both experimental and control groups and subjected to routine histological analysis, also, morphometric analysis was performed.Results: The rate of wound contraction and mean centripetal contraction was calculated in both groups and graphically represented using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that animals who were treated with Aloe vera gel had a greater wound contraction rate, as well as rapid wound closure. The micrographs showed a thicker epithelial layer, with thinner collagen fibers in the dermis of experimental animals compared to the control group. There was also an abundant capillary bed at the dermal-epidermal junction in the experimental group, compared to the control group.Conclusion:  Aloe vera may increase the rate of wound healing by accelerating epithelial migration, and may also play a role in neo-vascularization of the newly healed area.Keywords: Aloe vera, Cutaneous Wounds, Rabbits, Wound Contraction, Wound Healing

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