scholarly journals Agent Based Modelling of a Local Energy Market: A Study of the Economic Interactions between Autonomous PV Owners within a Micro-Grid

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Marco Lovati ◽  
Pei Huang ◽  
Carl Olsmats ◽  
Da Yan ◽  
Xingxing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
Local Grid ◽  
Modelling Environment ◽  
Residential Electric Demand

Urban Photovoltaic (PV) systems can provide large fractions of the residential electric demand at socket parity (i.e., a cost below the household consumer price). This is obtained without necessarily installing electric storage or exploiting tax funded incentives. The benefits of aggregating the electric demand and renewable output of multiple households are known and established; in fact, regulations and pilot energy communities are being implemented worldwide. Financing and managing a shared urban PV system remains an unsolved issue, even when the profitability of the system as a whole is demonstrable. For this reason, an agent-based modelling environment has been developed and is presented in this study. It is assumed that an optimal system (optimized for self-sufficiency) is shared between 48 households in a local grid of a positive energy district. Different scenarios are explored and discussed, each varying in number of owners (agents who own a PV system) and their pricing behaviour. It has been found that a smaller number of investors (i.e., someone refuse to join) provokes an increase of the earnings for the remaining investors (from 8 to 74% of the baseline). Furthermore, the pricing strategy of an agent shows improvement potential without knowledge of the demand of others, and thus it has no privacy violations.

scholarly journals Optimal Simulation of Three Peer to Peer (P2P) Business Models for Individual PV Prosumers in a Local Electricity Market Using Agent-Based Modelling

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Lovati ◽  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Pei Huang ◽  
Carl Olsmats ◽  
Laura Maturi
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is becoming one of the most significant renewable sources for positive energy district (PED) in Sweden. The lack of innovative business models and financing mechanisms are the main constraints for PV’s deployment installed in local communities. This paper therefore proposes a peer-to-peer (P2P) business model for 48 individual building prosumers with PV installed in a Swedish community. It considers energy use behaviour, electricity/financial flows, ownerships and trading rules in a local electricity market. Different local electricity markets are designed and studied using agent-based modelling technique, with different energy demands, cost–benefit schemes and financial hypotheses for an optimal evaluation. This paper provides an early insight into a vast research space, i.e., the operation of an energy system through the constrained interaction of its constituting agents. The agents (48 households) show varying abilities in exploiting the common PV resource, as they achieve very heterogeneous self-sufficiency levels (from ca. 15% to 30%). The lack of demand side management suggests that social and lifestyle differences generate huge impacts on the ability to be self-sufficient with a shared, limited PV resource. Despite the differences in self-sufficiency, the sheer energy amount obtained from the shared PV correlates mainly with annual cumulative demand.

Energy balance and performance assessment of PV systems installed at a positive-energy building (PEB) solar energy research centre

Solar Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 258-274
Author(s):  
C. Zomer ◽  
I. Custódio ◽  
S. Goulart ◽  
S. Mantelli ◽  
G. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals State-Space Model of Quasi-Z-Source Inverter-PV Systems for Transient Dynamics Studies and Network Stability Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Lluís Monjo ◽  
Luis Sainz ◽  
Juan José Mesas ◽  
Joaquín Pedra
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
State Space ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Ac Networks ◽  
Transient Interactions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Averaged Model

Photovoltaic (PV) power systems are increasingly being used as renewable power generation sources. Quasi-Z-source inverters (qZSI) are a recent, high-potential technology that can be used to integrate PV power systems into AC networks. Simultaneously, concerns regarding the stability of PV power systems are increasing. Converters reduce the damping of grid-connected converter systems, leading to instability. Several studies have analyzed the stability and dynamics of qZSI, although the characterization of qZSI-PV system dynamics in order to study transient interactions and stability has not yet been properly completed. This paper contributes a small-signal, state-space-averaged model of qZSI-PV systems in order to study these issues. The model is also applied to investigate the stability of PV power systems by analyzing the influence of system parameters. Moreover, solutions to mitigate the instabilities are proposed and the stability is verified using PSCAD time domain simulations.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of a Multi-Port DC-DC Converter for Interfacing PV Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1943
Author(s):  
Bader N. Alajmi ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
Ibrahim Abdelsalam ◽  
Mohamed F. AlHajri
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Transients ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Aided Design

A high-frequency multi-port (HFMP) direct current (DC) to DC converter is presented. The proposed HFMP is utilized to interface a photovoltaic (PV) system. The presented HFMP is compact and can perform maximum power point tracking. It consists of a high-frequency transformer with many identical input windings and one output winding. Each input winding is connected to a PV module through an H-bridge inverter, and the maximum PV power is tracked using the perturb and observe (P&O) technique. The output winding is connected to a DC bus through a rectifier. The detailed analysis and operation of the proposed HFMP DC-DC converter are presented. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted, using power system computer aided design (PSCAD)/electromagnetic transients including DC (EMTDC) software, to evaluate the operation and dynamic behavior of the proposed PV interfacing scheme. In addition, an experimental setup is built to verify the performance of the HFMP DC-DC converter.

scholarly journals Agent-based Modelling and Simulation for Circular Business Model Experimentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 200055
Author(s):  
Kasper P.H. Lange ◽  
Gijsbert Korevaar ◽  
Inge F. Oskam ◽  
Igor Nikolic ◽  
Paulien M. Herder
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling

scholarly journals An Optimized PV Control System Based on the Emperor Penguin Optimizer

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Mariam A. Sameh ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
M. A. Badr ◽  
Mahmoud A. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Grid Connected Inverter

During the day, photovoltaic (PV) systems are exposed to different sunlight conditions in addition to partial shading (PS). Accordingly, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have become essential for PV systems to secure harvesting the maximum possible power from the PV modules. In this paper, optimized control is performed through the application of relatively newly developed optimization algorithms to PV systems under Partial Shading (PS) conditions. The initial value of the duty cycle of the boost converter is optimized for maximizing the amount of power extracted from the PV arrays. The emperor penguin optimizer (EPO) is proposed not only to optimize the initial setting of duty cycle but to tune the gains of controllers used for the boost converter and the grid-connected inverter of the PV system. In addition, the performance of the proposed system based on the EPO algorithm is compared with another newly developed optimization technique based on the cuttlefish algorithm (CFA). Moreover, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used as a reference algorithm to compare results with both EPO and CFA. PSO is chosen since it is an old, well-tested, and effective algorithm. For the evaluation of performance of the proposed PV system using the proposed algorithms under different PS conditions, results are recorded and introduced.

scholarly journals A Modification of the Perturb and Observe Method to Improve the Energy Harvesting of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gil-Velasco ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Computational Resources

There are multiples conditions that lead to partial shading conditions (PSC) in photovoltaic systems (PV). Under these conditions, the harvested energy decreases in the PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller aims to harvest the greatest amount of energy even under partial shading conditions. The simplest available MPPT algorithms fail on PSC, whereas the complex ones are effective but require high computational resources and experience in this type of systems. This paper presents a new MPPT algorithm that is simple but effective in tracking the global maximum power point even in PSC. The simulation and experimental results show excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. Additionally, a comparison with a previously proposed algorithm is presented. The comparison shows that the proposal in this paper is faster in tracking the maximum power point than complex algorithms.

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