scholarly journals 3D Indoor Environment Abstraction for Crowd Simulations in Complex Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Mitko Aleksandrov ◽  
David J. Heslop ◽  
Sisi Zlatanova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Structure ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Automatic Abstraction ◽  
Crowd Simulations ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

This paper presents an approach for the automatic abstraction of built environments needed for pedestrian dynamics from any building configuration. The approach assesses the usability of navigation mesh to perform realistically pedestrian simulation considering the physical structure and pedestrian abilities for it. Several steps are examined including the creation of a navigation mesh, space subdivision, border extraction, height map identification, stairs classification and parametrisation, as well as pedestrian simulation. A social-force model is utilised to simulate the interactions between pedestrians and an environment. To perform quickly different 2D/3D geometrical queries various spatial indexing techniques are used, allowing fast identification of navigable spaces and proximity checks related to avoidance of people and obstacles in built environments. For example, for a moderate size building having eight floors and a net area of 13,000 m2, it takes only 104 s to extract the required building information to run a simulation. This approach can be used for any building configuration extracting automatically needed features to run pedestrian simulations. In this way, architects, urban planners, fire safety engineers, transport modellers and many other users without the need to manually interact with a building model can perform immediately crowd simulations.

scholarly journals Simulation of Evacuation Characteristics Using a 2-Dimensional Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiang Ji ◽  
Yongsheng Qian ◽  
Junwei Zeng ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Dejie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
High Density ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Repulsion Force ◽  
The People ◽  
Ca Model

In public places, the high pedestrian density is one of the direct causes leading to crowding and trample disaster, so it is very necessary to investigate the collective and evacuation characteristics for pedestrian movement. In the occupants’ evacuation process, the people-people interaction and the people-environment interaction are sufficiently considered in this paper, which have been divided into the exit attraction, the repulsion force between people, the friction between people, the repulsion force between human and barrier, and the attraction of surrounding people. Through analyzing the existing models, a new occupant evacuation cellular automata (CA) model based on the social force model is presented, which overcomes the shortage of the high density crowd simulation and combines the advantages that CA has sample rules and faster calculating speed. The simulating result shows a great applicability for evacuation under the high density crowd condition, and the segregation phenomena have also been found in the bidirectional pedestrian flow. Besides these, setting isolated belt near the exit or entrance of underpass not only remarkably decreases the density and the risk of tramper disaster but also increases the evacuation efficiency, so it provides a new idea for infrastructure design about the exits and entrances.

scholarly journals Intelligent Agent Simulator in Massive Crowd

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Mohamad, S ◽  
Nasir, F.M ◽  
Sunar, M.S. ◽  
Isa, K. ◽  
Hanifa, R.M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crowd Simulations ◽  
Crowded Environments

Crowd simulations have many benefits over real-life research such as in computer games, architecture and entertainment. One of the key elements in this study is to include elements of decision-making into the crowd. The aim of this simulator is to simulate the features of an intelligent agent to escape from crowded environments especially in one-way corridor, two-way corridor and four-way intersection. The addition of the graphical user interface enables intuitive and fast handling in all settings and features of the Intelligent Agent Simulator and allows convenient research in the field of intelligent behaviour in massive crowd. This paper describes the development of a simulator by using the Open Graphics Library (OpenGL), starting from the production of training data, the simulation process, until the simulation results. The Social Force Model (SFM) is used to generate the motion of agents and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to predict the next step for intelligent agent.

scholarly journals Disease contagion models coupled to crowd motion and mesh-free simulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Parveena Shamim Abdul Salam ◽  
Wolfgang Bock ◽  
Axel Klar ◽  
Sudarshan Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Free Particle ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Particle Method ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Mesh Free ◽  
Crowd Motion

Modeling and simulation of disease spreading in pedestrian crowds have recently become a topic of increasing relevance. In this paper, we consider the influence of the crowd motion in a complex dynamical environment on the course of infection of the pedestrians. To model the pedestrian dynamics, we consider a kinetic equation for multi-group pedestrian flow based on a social force model coupled with an Eikonal equation. This model is coupled with a non-local SEIS contagion model for disease spread, where besides the description of local contacts, the influence of contact times has also been modeled. Hydrodynamic approximations of the coupled system are derived. Finally, simulations of the hydrodynamic model are carried out using a mesh-free particle method. Different numerical test cases are investigated, including uni- and bi-directional flow in a passage with and without obstacles.

scholarly journals QUICKEST PATHS IN SIMULATIONS OF PEDESTRIANS

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 733-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOBIAS KRETZ ◽  
ANDREE GROßE ◽  
STEFAN HENGST ◽  
LUKAS KAUTZSCH ◽  
ANDREJ POHLMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Model Element ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic

This contribution proposes a method to make agents in a microscopic simulation of pedestrian traffic walk approximately along a path of estimated minimal remaining travel time to their destination. Usually models of pedestrian dynamics are (implicitly) built on the assumption that pedestrians walk along the shortest path. Model elements formulated to make pedestrians locally avoid collisions and intrusion into personal space do not produce motion on quickest paths. Therefore a special model element is needed, if one wants to model and simulate pedestrians for whom travel time matters most (e.g. travelers in a station hall who are late for a train). Here such a model element is proposed, discussed and used within the Social Force Model.

scholarly journals A route navigation algorithm for pedestrian simulation based on grid potential field

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401989783
Author(s):  
Minghua Li ◽  
Yun Wei ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Complex Scene ◽  
Simulation Scenario ◽  
Planning Algorithm ◽  
Path Planning Algorithm ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

Pedestrian simulation modeling has become an important means to study the dynamic characters of dense populations. In the continuous pedestrian simulation model for complex simulation scenario with obstacles, the pedestrian path planning algorithm is an indispensable component, which is used for the calculation of pedestrian macro path and microscopic movement desired direction. However, there is less efficiency and poor robustness in the existing pedestrian path planning algorithm. To address this issue, we propose a new pedestrian path planning algorithm to solve these problems in this article. In our algorithm, we have two steps to determine pedestrian movement path, that is, the discrete potential fields are first generated by the flood fill algorithm and then the pedestrian desired speeds are determined along the negative gradient direction in the discrete potential field. Combined with the social force model, the proposed algorithm is applied in a corridor, a simple scene, and a complex scene, respectively, to verify its effectiveness and efficiency. The results demonstrate that the proposed pedestrian path planning algorithm in this article can greatly improve the computational efficiency of the continuous pedestrian simulation model, strengthen the robustness of application in complex scenes.

scholarly journals Some Indications on How to Calibrate the Social Force Model of Pedestrian Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (20) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kretz ◽  
Jochen Lohmiller ◽  
Peter Sukennik
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Density ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Relevant Result ◽  
The Social

The social force model of pedestrian dynamics is formulated in such a way that (a) most of its parameters do not have an immediate interpretation in the sense that they cannot be measured directly, (b) often one single parameter has an impact on many aspects of walking behavior, and (c) a certain aspect of walking behavior results from the values of more than one parameter. This makes calibration difficult. The aim of this paper is to give practitioners an indication of how to proceed in the calibration process. For this purpose, by analytical transformations the parameters of the social force model are related to real properties that have a clear and immediate meaning and are also highly relevant result properties of a simulation: extent and clearance time of a queue, respectively maximum density, and capacity flow. The theory for this is presented, and thus this study offers a deeper understanding of the model including its theoretical aspects.

scholarly journals Social force model for pedestrian dynamics

1995 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 4282-4286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Helbing ◽  
Péter Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics

Improved social force model based on exit selection for microscopic pedestrian simulation in subway station

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 4490-4497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zheng ◽  
Hai-ying Li ◽  
Ling-yun Meng ◽  
Xin-yue Xu ◽  
Xu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Subway Station ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation
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