scholarly journals Paracrine Interactions between Adipocytes and Tumor Cells Recruit and Modify Macrophages to the Mammary Tumor Microenvironment: The Role of Obesity and Inflammation in Breast Adipose Tissue

Cancers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Santander ◽  
Omar Lopez-Ocejo ◽  
Olivia Casas ◽  
Thais Agostini ◽  
Lidia Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Mammary Tumor ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

scholarly journals The Importance of Breast Adipose Tissue in Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Kothari ◽  
Caroline Diorio ◽  
Francine Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose ◽  
Obesity And Cancer

Adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ, with a role in obesity and cancer. Adipose tissue is generally linked to excessive body fat, and it is well known that the female breast is rich in adipose tissue. Hence, one can wonder: what is the role of adipose tissue in the breast and why is it required? Adipose tissue as an organ consists of adipocytes, an extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune cells, with a significant role in the dynamics of breast changes throughout the life span of a female breast from puberty, pregnancy, lactation and involution. In this review, we will discuss the importance of breast adipose tissue in breast development and its involvement in breast changes happening during pregnancy, lactation and involution. We will focus on understanding the biology of breast adipose tissue, with an overview on its involvement in the various steps of breast cancer development and progression. The interaction between the breast adipose tissue surrounding cancer cells and vice-versa modifies the tumor microenvironment in favor of cancer. Understanding this mutual interaction and the role of breast adipose tissue in the tumor microenvironment could potentially raise the possibility of overcoming breast adipose tissue mediated resistance to therapies and finding novel candidates to target breast cancer.

scholarly journals Obesity and Breast Cancer: The Role of Crown-Like Structures in Breast Adipose Tissue in Tumor Progression, Prognosis, and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Socorro Faria ◽  
Luís Henrique Corrêa ◽  
Gabriella Simões Heyn ◽  
Lívia Pimentel de Sant'Ana ◽  
Raquel das Neves Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

scholarly journals Obesity and Cancer Metastasis: Molecular and Translational Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3798
Author(s):  
Stephanie Annett ◽  
Gillian Moore ◽  
Tracy Robson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
Metastatic Behavior ◽  
Obesity And Cancer ◽  
Enhance Tumor Growth

Obesity is a modern health problem that has reached pandemic proportions. It is an established risk factor for carcinogenesis, however, evidence for the contribution of adipose tissue to the metastatic behavior of tumors is also mounting. Over 90% of cancer mortality is attributed to metastasis and metastatic tumor cells must communicate with their microenvironment for survival. Many of the characteristics observed in obese adipose tissue strongly mirror the tumor microenvironment. Thus in the case of prostate, pancreatic and breast cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which are all located in close anatomical proximity to an adipose tissue depot, the adjacent fat provides an ideal microenvironment to enhance tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Adipocytes provide adipokines, fatty acids and other soluble factors to tumor cells whilst immune cells infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. In addition, there are emerging studies on the role of the extracellular vesicles secreted from adipose tissue, and the extracellular matrix itself, as drivers of obesity-induced metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the major mechanisms responsible for the obesity–metastatic link. Furthermore, understanding these complex mechanisms will provide novel therapies to halt the tumor–adipose tissue crosstalk with the ultimate aim of inhibiting tumor progression and metastatic growth.

scholarly journals Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF): fuel for cancer progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Murtaza M. Tambuwala ◽  
Prabal Sharma ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor Activation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

Hypoxia is an integral part of tumor microenvironment, caused primarily due to rapidly multiplying tumor cells and a lack of proper blood supply. Among the major hypoxic pathways, HIF-1 transcription factor activation is one of the widely investigated pathways in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). HIF-1 is known to activate several adaptive reactions in response to oxygen deficiency in tumor cells. HIF-1 has two subunits, HIF-1β (constitutive) and HIF-1α (inducible). The HIF-1α expression is largely regulated via various cytokines (through PI3K-ACT-mTOR signals), which involves the cascading of several growth factors and oncogenic cascades. These events lead to the loss of cellular tumor suppressant activity through changes in the level of oxygen via oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent pathways. The significant and crucial role of HIF in cancer progression and its underlying mechanisms have gained much attention lately among the translational researchers in the fields of cancer and biological sciences, which have enabled them to correlate these mchanisms with various other disease modalities. In the present review, we have summarized the key findings related to the role of HIF in the progression of tumors.

scholarly journals Low Levels of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Bone Metastasis Formation in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3832
Author(s):  
Caroline Goupille ◽  
Philippe G. Frank ◽  
Flavie Arbion ◽  
Marie-Lise Jourdan ◽  
Cyrille Guimaraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Low Levels

In the present study, we investigated various biochemical, clinical, and histological factors associated with bone metastases in a large cohort of pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Two hundred and sixty-one consecutive women with breast cancer were included in this study. Breast adipose tissue specimens were collected during surgery. After having established the fatty acid profile of breast adipose tissue by gas chromatography, we determined whether there were differences associated with the occurrence of bone metastases in these patients. Regarding the clinical and histological criteria, a majority of the patients with bone metastases (around 70%) had tumors with a luminal phenotype and 59% of them showed axillary lymph node involvement. Moreover, we found a negative association between the levels of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in breast adipose tissue and the development of bone metastases in premenopausal women. No significant association was observed in postmenopausal women. In addition to a luminal phenotype and axillary lymph node involvement, low levels of n-3 LC-PUFA in breast adipose tissue may constitute a risk factor that contributes to breast cancer bone metastases formation in premenopausal women.

scholarly journals Persistent Organic Pollutants and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of the Literature

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi ◽  
Pierre Ayotte ◽  
Caroline Diorio
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) bioaccumulate in the food chain and have been detected in human blood and adipose tissue. Experimental studies demonstrated that POPs can cause and promote growth of breast cancer. However, inconsistent results from epidemiological studies do not support a causal relationship between POPs and breast cancer in women. To identify individual POPs that are repeatedly found to be associated with both breast cancer incidence and progression, and to demystify the observed inconsistencies between epidemiological studies, we conducted a systematic review of 95 studies retrieved from three main electronic databases. While no clear pattern of associations between blood POPs and breast cancer incidence could be drawn, POPs measured in breast adipose tissue were more clearly associated with higher breast cancer incidence. POPs were more consistently associated with worse breast cancer prognosis whether measured in blood or breast adipose tissue. In contrast, POPs measured in adipose tissue other than breast were inversely associated with both breast cancer incidence and prognosis. Differences in biological tissues used for POPs measurement and methodological biases explain the discrepancies between studies results. Some individual compounds associated with both breast cancer incidence and progression, deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals Novel semi-automated algorithm for high-throughput quantification of adipocyte size in breast adipose tissue, with applications for breast cancer microenvironment

Adipocyte ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-325
Author(s):  
Frank L. Lombardi ◽  
Naser Jafari ◽  
Kimberly A. Bertrand ◽  
Lauren J. Oshry ◽  
Michael R. Cassidy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cancer Microenvironment ◽  
Adipocyte Size ◽  
Automated Algorithm ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose
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