scholarly journals Hydrocarbon Production from Catalytic Pyrolysis-GC/MS of Sacha Inchi Residues Using SBA-15 Derived from Coal Fly Ash

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Chakrit Soongprasit ◽  
Duangdao Aht-Ong ◽  
Viboon Sricharoenchaikul ◽  
Supawan Vichaphund ◽  
Duangduen Atong
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Catalytic Upgrading ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Sacha Inchi ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds

In this work, Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) residues were used as biomass feedstocks in catalytic upgrading pyrolysis with SBA-15, which is a substance synthesized from coal fly ash (CFA), using alkali fusion, followed by hydrothermal treatment (SBA-15-FA). The catalytic activity of fly ash-derived SBA-15 was investigated through the fast pyrolysis of Sacha inchi residues for upgrading the pyrolysis vapors using the analytical pyrolysis-GC/MS (Py-GC/MS) technique. The pyrolysis temperature was set at 500 °C and held for 30 s while maintaining the Sacha inchi residues to catalyst ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:5, and 1:10. In addition, the SBA-15s synthesized from chemical reagent and commercial SBA-15 were evaluated for comparison. The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis of Sacha inchi (SI) mainly consisted of fatty acids (46%), including chiefly linoleic acid (C18:2). Other compounds present were hydrocarbon (26%) and nitrogen-containing compounds (8.7%), esters (9.0%), alcohols (6.4%), and furans (3.6%). The study results suggested that the SBA-15-FA showcased a high ability to improve aliphatic selectivity (mainly C5–C20) and was found to be almost 80% at the biomass to catalyst ratio of 1:5. Moreover, the increase in catalyst contents affected the enhancement of hydrocarbons yields and tended to promote the deoxygenation reaction. Interestingly, the catalytic performance of SBA-15 derived from fly ash could be compared to that of the commercial SBA-15 in terms of producing hydrocarbon compounds as well as reducing oxygenated compounds.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Zeolite from Fly Ash and Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Newly Synthesized Zeolite

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parag Solanki ◽  
Vikal Gupta ◽  
Ruchi Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
13X Zeolite ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Type Zeolite ◽  
The Cost

Coal fly ash was used to synthesize X-type zeolite by alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment. Characteristics of the various Fly ash samples were carried out. Coal proximate analysis was done. Batch experiment was carried out for the adsorption of some heavy metal ions on to synthesized Zeolite. The cost of synthesized zeolite was estimated to be almost one-fifth of that of commercial 13X zeolite available in the market.

Synthesis of Zeolite 13X from Coal Fly Ashes and Properties of the Zeolite Products

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Tu ◽  
Yong Feng Zhang ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Zeolite 13X ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Coal Fly Ashes ◽  
Homogeneous Composition ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

Synthesis of pure-form zeolite 13X was investigated using the alkali fusion-hydrothermal method to dissolve Si and Al sources from fly ash, and with the addition of Si source, to prepare initial gel. Experimental results demonstrated, the regular morphology and homogeneous composition are in good agreement with standard zeolite 13X by characterization of XRD, SEM and IR. The properties of adsorption and CEC values were evaluated by BET and UV-spectrophotometry, respectively. All properties are much better than commercial zeolite 13X. Our results further revealed that like coal fly ash after alkali fusion pretreatment can be used for zeolite synthesis. Thus, It demonstrates a promising feedstock for the green synthesis of zeolites directly without experiencing intermediate chemicals.

scholarly journals Protocol for measuring indoor exposure to coal fly ash and heavy metals, and neurobehavioural symptoms in children aged 6 to 14 years old

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e038960
Author(s):  
Kristina M Zierold ◽  
Clara G Sears ◽  
Abby N Hagemeyer ◽  
Guy N Brock ◽  
Barbara J Polivka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The University

IntroductionFly ash is a waste product generated from burning coal for electricity. It is comprised of spherical particles ranging in size from 0.1 µm to over 100 µm in diameter that contain trace levels of heavy metals. Large countries such as China and India generate over 100 million tons per year while smaller countries like Italy and France generate 2 to 3 million tons per year. The USA generates over 36 million tons of ash, making it one of the largest industrial waste streams in the nation. Fly ash is stored in landfills and surface impoundments exposing communities to fugitive dust and heavy metals that leach into the groundwater. Limited information exists on the health impact of exposure to fly ash. This protocol represents the first research to assess children’s exposure to coal fly ash and neurobehavioural outcomes.MethodsWe measure indoor exposure to fly ash and heavy metals, and neurobehavioural symptoms in children aged 6 to 14 years old. Using air pollution samplers and lift tape samples, we collect particulate matter ≤10 µm that is analysed for fly ash and heavy metals. Toenails and fingernails are collected to assess body burden for 72 chemical elements. Using the Behavioural Assessment and Research System and the Child Behaviour Checklist, we collect information on neurobehavioural outcomes. Data collection began in September 2015 and will continue until February 2021.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the University of Louisville (#14.1069) and the University of Alabama at Birmingham (#300003807). We have collected data from 267 children who live within 10 miles of two power plants. Children are at a greater risk for environmental exposure which justifies the rationale for this study. Results of this study will be distributed at conferences, in peer-reviewed journals and to the participants of the study.

Characteristic of fly ash derived-zeolite and its catalytic performance for fast pyrolysis of Jatropha waste

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (17) ◽  
pp. 2254-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vichaphund ◽  
D. Aht-Ong ◽  
V. Sricharoenchaikul ◽  
D. Atong
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Catalytic Performance

Zeolites P1 Formation by Hydrothermal Alkali Fusion of Coal Fly Ash

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Feng Xia Zhang ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Ming Yu Ma ◽  
Shu Hong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Alkali Fusion ◽  
Powdered Coal

Fly ash is produced from the combustion of powdered coal and used to synthesize zeolite by alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment with stirring. By varying the experimental conditions different types of zeolite were produced. In this study, mixture of sodium hydroxide and fly ash in a pre-determined ratio, was milled and fused at 700°C for 1h.The resultant fused mixture added to water in a Teflon reaction vessel and incubated at a temperature of 100°C and autogenously pressure. At the end, the reaction products recovered by filtration. The synthesized zeolite was characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The zeolite-P1 was tested for decontamination potential of mine water. High removal efficiency was observed in the first treatment, but varied for different contaminants. The synthesised zeolite-P1 exhibited a high efficiency for the removal of heavy metal cations, such as zinc, copper, lead and cadmium from contaminated mine water.

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