scholarly journals Optimization of the Catalytic Layer for Alkaline Fuel Cells Based on Fumatech Membranes and Ionomer

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
David Sebastián ◽  
Giovanni Lemes ◽  
José M. Luque-Centeno ◽  
María V. Martínez-Huerta ◽  
Juan I. Pardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Catalytic Layer ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Alcohol Water

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells with alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs) have gained increasing attention because of the faster reaction kinetics associated with the alkaline environment compared to acidic media. While the development of anion exchange polymer membranes is increasing, the catalytic layer structure and composition of electrodes is of paramount importance to maximize fuel cell performance. In this work, we examine the preparation procedures for electrodes by catalyst-coated substrate to be used with a well-known commercial AAEM, Fumasep® FAA-3, and a commercial ionomer of the same nature (Fumion), both from Fumatech GmbH. The anion exchange procedure, the ionomer concentration in the catalytic layer and also the effect of membrane thickness, are investigated as they are very relevant parameters conditioning the cell behavior. The best power density was achieved upon ion exchange of the ionomer by submerging the electrodes in KCl (isopropyl alcohol/water solution) for at least one hour, two exchange steps, followed by treatment in KOH for 30 min. The optimum ionomer (Fumion) concentration was found to be close to 50 wt%, with a relatively narrow interval of functioning ionomer percentages. These results provide a practical guide for electrode preparation in AAEM-based fuel cell research.

Anion exchange membranes with branched ionic clusters for fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 5993-5998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubin He ◽  
Xiaolin Ge ◽  
Xian Liang ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Muhammad A. Shehzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ionic Clusters ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A highly conductive anion exchange membrane with branched ionic clusters exhibits an excellent fuel cell performance of 266 mW cm−2 at 60 °C.

Tuning the properties of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) anion exchange membranes and their performance in H2/O2 fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Xiaomeng Chu ◽  
Jiayou Liao ◽  
Yingda Huang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Phenylene Oxide ◽  
Complete Investigation

A complete investigation of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) AEMs with different quaternary ammonium groups is provided comparing the properties and fuel cell performance.

Highly proton conductive membranes based on carboxylated cellulose nanofibres and their performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Guccini ◽  
Annika Carlson ◽  
Shun Yu ◽  
Göran Lindbergh ◽  
Rakel Wreland Lindström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibres ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The performance of thin carboxylated cellulose nanofiber-based (CNF) membranes as proton exchange membranes in fuel cells has been measured in-situ as a function of CNF surface charge density (600 and 1550 µmol g<sup>-1</sup>), counterion (H<sup>+</sup>or Na<sup>+</sup>), membrane thickness and fuel cell relative humidity (RH 55 to 95 %). The structural evolution of the membranes as a function of RH as measured by Small Angle X-ray scattering shows that water channels are formed only above 75 % RH. The amount of absorbed water was shown to depend on the membrane surface charge and counter ions (Na<sup>+</sup>or H<sup>+</sup>). The high affinity of CNF for water and the high aspect ratio of the nanofibers, together with a well-defined and homogenous membrane structure, ensures a proton conductivity exceeding 1 mS cm<sup>-1</sup>at 30 °C between 65 and 95 % RH. This is two orders of magnitude larger than previously reported values for cellulose materials and only one order of magnitude lower than Nafion 212. Moreover, the CNF membranes are characterized by a lower hydrogen crossover than Nafion, despite being ≈ 30 % thinner. Thanks to their environmental compatibility and promising fuel cell performance the CNF membranes should be considered for new generation proton exchange membrane fuel cells.<br>

Preparation of Anion Exchange Membranes Base on Fluoro-Polyacrylate for Alkaline Fuel Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Jun Fang ◽  
Yong Bin Wu ◽  
Yan Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
Potential Applications

A series of hydroxyl conducting anion exchange membranes based on the copolymer of vinylbenzyl chloride, butyl methacrylate and fluoro-polyacrylate were prepared by radical polymerization, quaternization and alkalization. The reaction conditions of polymerization were discussed and the potential applications of the resulting membranes in alkaline fuel cells were assessed. The results show that the membranes have adequate conductivity for fuel cell application.

Quaternized poly(arylene perfluoroalkylene)s (QPAFs) for alkaline fuel cells – a perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1916-1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpei Miyake ◽  
Kenji Miyatake
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cell ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells

The progress, potential and remaining challenges of state-of-the-art anion exchange membranes (AEMs), in particular, our quaternized poly(arylene perfluoroalkylene)s (QPAFs), for alkaline fuel cell applications, are overviewed and discussed.

scholarly journals Electrospun Composite Proton-Exchange and Anion-Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6709
Author(s):  
Zhihao Shang ◽  
Ryszard Wycisk ◽  
Peter Pintauro
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Water Swelling ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and oxidant into electricity. Cation-exchange and anion-exchange membranes play an important role in hydrogen fed proton-exchange membrane (PEM) and anion-exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells, respectively. Over the past 10 years, there has been growing interest in using nanofiber electrospinning to fabricate fuel cell PEMs and AEMs with improved properties, e.g., a high ion conductivity with low in-plane water swelling and good mechanical strength under wet and dry conditions. Electrospinning is used to create either reinforcing scaffolds that can be pore-filled with an ionomer or precursor mats of interwoven ionomer and reinforcing polymers, which after suitable processing (densification) form a functional membrane. In this review paper, methods of nanofiber composite PEMs and AEMs fabrication are reviewed and the properties of these membranes are discussed and contrasted with the properties of fuel cell membranes prepared using conventional methods. The information and discussions contained herein are intended to provide inspiration for the design of high-performance next-generation fuel cell ion-exchange membranes.

scholarly journals Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes: the switch from low- to high-density polyethylene leads to remarkably enhanced fuel cell performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1575-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianqin Wang ◽  
Xiong Peng ◽  
William E. Mustain ◽  
John R. Varcoe
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Better Than

Radiation-grafted HDPE-based anion-exchange membranes perform better than LDPE-based benchmarks despite exhibiting similar ex situ properties.

scholarly journals Beneficial use of rotatable-spacer side-chains in alkaline anion exchange membranes for fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3472-3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhu ◽  
Liang Ding ◽  
Xian Liang ◽  
Muhammad A. Shehzad ◽  
Lianqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Fuel Cell Operation

Rotatable spacer increases the motions of ionic side-chain to accelerate both ion and H2O transport during fuel cell operation.

scholarly journals Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Imidazoline Quaternized Polystyrene Copolymers for Fuel Cell Applications

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 901
Author(s):  
Li-Cheng Jheng ◽  
Chung-Yen Hsu ◽  
Hong-Yi Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Imidazole Ring ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Pendent Groups ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Imidazoline is a five-membered heterocycle derived by the partial reduction of one double bond of the imidazole ring. This work prepared new anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on imidazoline quaternized polystyrene copolymers bearing N-b-hydroxyethyl oleyl imidazolinium pendent groups to evaluate the application potential for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). For comparison, an imidazole quaternized polystyrene copolymer was also synthesized. The polymer chemical structure was confirmed by FTIR, NMR, and TGA. In addition, the essential properties of membranes, including ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, and hydroxide conductivity, were measured. The alkaline stabilities of imidazolium-based and imidazolinium-based AEMs were compared by means of the changes in the TGA thermograms, FTIR spectra, and hydroxide conductivity during the alkaline treatment in 1 M KOH at 60 °C for 144 h. The results showed that the imidazolinium-based AEMs exhibited relatively lower hydroxide conductivity (5.77 mS/cm at 70 °C) but much better alkaline stability compared with the imidazolium-based AEM. The imidazolinium-based AEM (PSVBImn-50) retained 92% of its hydroxide conductivity after the alkaline treatment. Besides, the fuel cell performance of the imidazolium-based and imidazolinium-based AEMs was examined by single-cell tests.

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