Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl Tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
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This work evaluates the direct etherification of bio-sourced isobutylene with ethanol forming fully renewable ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE). Challenge was the use of the fermentative produced substrate in a solvent-free catalysis using the acidic ion exchanger Amberlyst-15. CO2 impurities have a significant influence on the liquid phase process. The conversion at a ratio that is based on molarities of isobutylene to ethanol of 1:0.9 results in yields up to 97 mol% ETBE. Purities up to 99 wt.% could be achieved by subsequent water extraction in order to ensure qualities for technical application as high performance fuel additive.
2016 ◽
Vol 55
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pp. 8933-8940
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1994 ◽
Vol 33
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pp. 2830-2835
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1995 ◽
Vol 27
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pp. 1065-1074
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2006 ◽
Vol 253
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pp. 192-197
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2007 ◽
Vol 323
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pp. 38-50
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1993 ◽
Vol 25
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pp. 825-831
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2013 ◽
Vol 1298
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pp. 9-16
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1993 ◽
Vol 124
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pp. 223-232
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