scholarly journals Microbial Biosynthesis of Antibacterial Chrysoeriol in Recombinant Escherichia coli and Bioactivity Assessment

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspalata Bashyal ◽  
Prakash Parajuli ◽  
Ramesh Pandey ◽  
Jae Sohng
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Saccharopolyspora Spinosa ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Proteus Hauseri ◽  
Methoxylated Flavones ◽  
Mic Value

Various flavonoid derivatives including methoxylated flavones display remarkable biological activities. Chrysoeriol is a methoxylated flavone of great scientific interest because of its promising anti-microbial activities against various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Sustainable production of such compounds is therefore of pronounced interest to biotechnologists in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Here, we used a sugar O-methyltransferase enzyme from a spinosyn biosynthesis gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora spinosa to regioselectively produce chrysoeriol (15% conversion of luteolin; 30 µM) in a microbial host. The biosynthesized chrysoeriol was structurally characterized using high-resolution mass spectrometry and various nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. Moreover, the molecule was investigated against 17 superbugs, including thirteen Gram-positive and four Gram-negative pathogens, for anti-microbial effects. Chrysoeriol exhibited antimicrobial activity against nine pathogens in a disc diffusion assay at the concentration of 40 µg per disc. It has minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.25 µg/mL against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 3640 (MRSA) for which the parent luteolin has an MIC value of sixteen-fold higher concentration (i.e., 20 µg/mL). Similarly, chrysoeriol showed better anti-microbial activity (~1.7-fold lower MIC value) than luteolin against Proteus hauseri, a Gram-negative pathogen. In contrast, a luteolin 4′-O-methylated derivative, diosmetin, did not exhibit any anti-microbial activities against any tested pathogen.

Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
Maulina Diah ◽  
Mustofa ◽  
Masriani ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of  the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Flavonoids Content of Artemisia cina Berg. ex Poljakov Ethyl Acetate Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Sri Kasmiyati ◽  
Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani ◽  
Maria Marina Herawati ◽  
Andreas Binar Aji Sukmana
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Difference

The medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds have a potential for many biological activities, including antimicrobial activity. Artemisia cina is a medicinal plant from the Compositae family with the potential of having antitumor, antifungal, and antibacterial activity. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity and the flavonoid content of A. Cina’s ethyl acetate extract. Plants samples were extracted by ethyl acetate maceration method. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) by a disk diffusion method using 25, 50, and 100 mg/l extract concentrations. The flavonoid contents (quercetin and kaempferol) were measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. The extracts of diploid and polyploid A. cina displayed some antibacterial activity, with the Gram-negative bacteria being more resistant than the Gram-positive counterpart. However, no significant difference was observed between the diploid and polyploid extracts. As for the flavonoid content, the highest quercetin content (0.5501 mg/ml) was found in the polyploid A. cina (J), while the highest kaempferol content (0.5818 mg/ml) was observed in the diploid A. cina (KJT). Although A. cina is widely grown in Indonesia, compared to other Artemisia species, A. cina has not been widely studied, especially its antibacterial  potential and in related to its flavonoid content and the use of ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent.  This study reveals the potential of A. cina as a natural antibacterial agent. 

scholarly journals Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. Dolakha District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (Leaf, stem) were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed T. wallichiana is pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against one gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia Coli) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Stem of T. wallichiana showed significant zone of inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the leaf of T. wallichiana did not show significant zone of inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay. Both assay showed that T. wallichiana leaves has high antioxidant activities.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 110-114

Effect of Organochlorine Pesticides on Growth and Biological Activities of Bacterial Species Important to the Dairy Food Industry

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARY L. SANDFORD ◽  
B. E. LANGLOIS
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Slight Inhibition

Three growth patterns (no effect, slight inhibition, or complete inhibition) were observed when bacterial species common to the dairy-food industry were grown in media containing 50 or 100 ppm DDT, dieldrin, or endrin. The pattern obtained appeared to depend on species and type and concentration of pesticide. All pesticides studied had a greater inhibitory effect on gram positive species than they had on gram negative species when grown in broth. Acid production by lactic acid bacteria was inhibited in broth plus 5 ppm chlordane or heptachlor but unaffected in skimmilk plus up to 100 ppm of these pesticides. Generation times for gram negative species grown in broth plus 10 ppm chlordane or heptachlor were similar to those obtained in controls. Growth of gram positive species was inhibited in broth plus 10 ppm of these pesticides but unaffected in skimmilk containing similar pesticide concentrations. Generation times for several gram negative species were increased by 10 ppm heptachlor in skimmilk.

scholarly journals Quercetin as a Precursor for the Synthesis of Novel Nanoscale Cu (II) Complex as a Catalyst for Alcohol Oxidation with High Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zahra Moodi ◽  
Ghodsieh Bagherzade ◽  
Janny Peters
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Schiff Base Complex ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity

Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is one of the dietary flavonoids, distributed in medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits. Quercetin has the ability to bind with several metal ions to increase its biological activities. In the last two decades, quercetin has attracted considerable attention due to the biological and pharmaceutical activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer. In the present study, quercetin and ethanolamine were used for the synthesis Schiff base complex, which was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The Schiff base has been employed as a ligand for the synthesis of novel nanoscale Cu (II) complex. The product was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, FESEM, and XRD. Significantly, the product showed remarkable catalytic activity towards the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols. The antibacterial activity of the final product was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram‐negative) bacteria using an inhibition zone test. The synthesized nanoscale Cu (II) complex exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Analysis of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities on The Selected Medicinal Plants of Dolakha and Sindhualchowk District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba ◽  
Susila Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of seven plants viz. Scindapsus officinalis Schott. , Lepisorus loriformis, Nicotiana tabacum L., Clematis buchananiana DC., Astilbe rivularis D. Don, Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook and Taxus wallichiana Zucc. were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed that N. tabacum, A. rivularis, and P. fulgens were pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (gram negative bacteria) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Roots of P. fulgens showed inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the rhizome of A. rivularis showed inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power FRAP assay. Both assays showed that P. fulgens has high antioxidant activities with (IC50 =15.57 ± 3.6) lower than standard ascorbic acid.  Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 140-147

scholarly journals Phytoconstituents and biological analysis of Acorus calamus rhizome of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

BIBECHANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Shanta Pokhrel ◽  
Kalpana Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic and hexane extract of Acorus calamus rhizome were carried out. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoid, glycoside, saponin, resin and carbohydrates which are responsible for the antibacterial activities. The antibacterial potential was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi (gram negative bacteria) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. The activity was shown by both methanolic and hexane extract of Acorus calamus rhizome against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity showed potent antioxidant activities with IC50 value 3.74 μg/mL slightly higher than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 3.56 μg/mL). BIBECHANA 17 (2020) 104-109

scholarly journals Pyoverdines are essential for the antibacterial activity of Pseudomonas chlororaphis YL-1 under low-iron conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youzhou Liu ◽  
Chen Dai ◽  
Yaqiu Zhou ◽  
Junqing Qiao ◽  
Bao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Iron Starvation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Wide Range

Pseudomonas chlororaphis YL-1 has extensive antimicrobial activities against phytopathogens, and its genome harbors pyoverdine (PVD) biosynthesis gene cluster. The alternative sigma factor PvdS in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, acts as a critical regulator in response to iron starvation. The assembly of the PVD backbone starts with peptide synthetase enzyme PvdL. PvdF catalyzes formylation of L-OH-Orn to produce L-N5-hydroxyornithine. Here, we describe the characterization of PVD production in YL-1 and its antimicrobial activity as compared with its PVD-deficient mutants ΔpvdS, ΔpvdF, and ΔpvdL, that were obtained using a sacB-based site-specific mutagenesis strategy. Using in vitro methods, we examined the effect of exogenous iron under low-iron conditions and iron-chelating agent under iron-sufficient conditions on PVD production, antibacterial activity, and the relative expression of PVD transcription factor gene pvdS in YL-1. We found that strain YL-1, mutant ΔpvdF, and complemented strain ΔpvdS(pUCP26-pvdS) produced visible PVDs and demonstrated a wide range of inhibitory effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in vitro under low-iron conditions, and that with the increase of iron its PVD production and antibacterial activity were reduced. The antibacterial compounds produced by strain YL-1 in low-iron conditions were PVDs based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Moreover, the antibacterial activity observed in vitro was correlated with in vivo control efficacies of strain YL-1 against rice bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）. Collectively, PVDs are responsible for the antibacterial activities of strain YL-1 under both natural and induced low-iron conditions. IMPORTANCE: The results demonstrated that PVDs are essential for the broad-spectrum antibacterial activities of strain YL-1 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in low-iron conditions. Our findings also highlight the effect of exogenous iron on the production of PVD and the importance of this bacterial product in bacterial interactions. As a biocontrol agent, PVDs can directly inhibit the proliferation of the tested bacteria in addition to participating in iron competition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Extracts of Qualea paraensis Ducke for their Antimicrobial, Toxic and Anticholinesterase Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Melo1 ◽  
K. M. M. Aroucha1 ◽  
L. P. M. Santos ◽  
C. M. Moraes ◽  
J A. Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Popularly known as red mandioqueira, ‘mandioqueira vermelha’, Qualea paraensis Ducke is a plant species belonging to the family Vochysiaceae, with a natural distribution in the Amazon region. It is used in traditional medicine, by native communities of the Amazon and Bolivia, for the treatment of skin lesions caused by microorganisms. Previous studies of the species have found antimalarial activity in vivo assays. However, studies involving the investigation of numerous biological activities of Q. paraensis are incipient. Biological assays already performed with plants of other species of the genus Qualea have shown promising biological activities. Therefore, this study describes the evaluation of the biological activities (bactericide, fungicide, toxicity, and anticholinesterase) of an ethanolic extract of the bark of Q. paraensis from the state of Roraima, Brazil. For the evaluation of the toxicity of the extract, a system with microcrustacean Artemia salina was used. Antimicrobial activity was tested for the pathogenic groups of fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium proliferatum), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella tiphymurium), and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguinis). The potential of the extract for the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also evaluated. The assays for determining the antimicrobial activity for Gram-positive bacteria revealed satisfactory IC50 (29.98μg/mL) inhibition values for S. sanguinis strains, showing inhibition of 64.6% of their growth. The assay for S. aureus, however, presented low inhibition. For Gram-negative bacteria, there was moderate inhibition of E. coli strains. The extract showed low toxicity to A. salina and inhibition of 23.66% of the AChE enzyme.

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