scholarly journals Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. Dolakha District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (Leaf, stem) were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed T. wallichiana is pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against one gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia Coli) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Stem of T. wallichiana showed significant zone of inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the leaf of T. wallichiana did not show significant zone of inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay. Both assay showed that T. wallichiana leaves has high antioxidant activities.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 110-114

scholarly journals Analysis of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities on The Selected Medicinal Plants of Dolakha and Sindhualchowk District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba ◽  
Susila Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of seven plants viz. Scindapsus officinalis Schott. , Lepisorus loriformis, Nicotiana tabacum L., Clematis buchananiana DC., Astilbe rivularis D. Don, Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook and Taxus wallichiana Zucc. were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed that N. tabacum, A. rivularis, and P. fulgens were pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (gram negative bacteria) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Roots of P. fulgens showed inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the rhizome of A. rivularis showed inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power FRAP assay. Both assays showed that P. fulgens has high antioxidant activities with (IC50 =15.57 ± 3.6) lower than standard ascorbic acid.  Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 140-147

Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
Maulina Diah ◽  
Mustofa ◽  
Masriani ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of  the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.

scholarly journals Phytoconstituents and biological analysis of Acorus calamus rhizome of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

BIBECHANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Shanta Pokhrel ◽  
Kalpana Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic and hexane extract of Acorus calamus rhizome were carried out. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoid, glycoside, saponin, resin and carbohydrates which are responsible for the antibacterial activities. The antibacterial potential was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi (gram negative bacteria) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. The activity was shown by both methanolic and hexane extract of Acorus calamus rhizome against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity showed potent antioxidant activities with IC50 value 3.74 μg/mL slightly higher than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 3.56 μg/mL). BIBECHANA 17 (2020) 104-109

scholarly journals In-vitro analysis of potential antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1497-1500
Author(s):  
Vandana Gupta ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Deepika Chaudhary ◽  
Nirmal Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The present study was aimed to examine and compare the antibacterial activity of hot methanolic extract of medicinal plants viz. Portulaca oleracea (purslane), Syzygium cumini (L.) (jamun), Psidium guajava (L.) (guava). Antibacterial activity was carried by using agar well diffusion method, against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Results indicated that all the three plant extracts possess antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria and no activity was found against Gram-negative bacteria. Moderate zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was exhibited by S. cumini (L.) (11mm and 12mm) and P. guajava (L.) (10mm and 11mm) and weak zone of inhibition was exhibited by P. oleracea (5 mm and 6mm). In conclusion, S. cumini (L.) and P. guajava (L.) possess bettercapabilities of being a good candidate in search for natural antibacterial agent against infections and diseases causing Gram-positive bacteria as compared to P. oleracea.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Crinum asiaticum Bulb Extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Atiar Rahman ◽  
Rumana Sharmin ◽  
Md Nazim Uddin ◽  
Md Sohel Rana ◽  
Nazim Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Radical Scavenging Effect ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Crinum Asiaticum

Antibacterial effect of Crinum asiaticum bulb extract (1mg/disc) was tested on four Gram- positive and six Gram-negative bacteria by disc diffusion method using kanamycin (30 ìg/disc) as standard antibiotic disc. The bulb extract (250-1000mg/disc) showed significant zone of inhibition against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria ranging from 12-14 mm in diameter. Antioxidant potential of the same extract was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. The extract showed remarkable free radical scavenging effect (95.96%) providing the IC50 value of 5.62 for the bulb extract and 5.46 for ascorbic acid (standard antioxidant) at the concentration of 1000 ìg/ml. The bulb extract was found to be (LC50 value 94.06 ?g/ml) in Brine-Shrimp lethality test. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11801 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 1-5

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Flavonoids Content of Artemisia cina Berg. ex Poljakov Ethyl Acetate Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Sri Kasmiyati ◽  
Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani ◽  
Maria Marina Herawati ◽  
Andreas Binar Aji Sukmana
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Difference

The medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds have a potential for many biological activities, including antimicrobial activity. Artemisia cina is a medicinal plant from the Compositae family with the potential of having antitumor, antifungal, and antibacterial activity. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity and the flavonoid content of A. Cina’s ethyl acetate extract. Plants samples were extracted by ethyl acetate maceration method. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) by a disk diffusion method using 25, 50, and 100 mg/l extract concentrations. The flavonoid contents (quercetin and kaempferol) were measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. The extracts of diploid and polyploid A. cina displayed some antibacterial activity, with the Gram-negative bacteria being more resistant than the Gram-positive counterpart. However, no significant difference was observed between the diploid and polyploid extracts. As for the flavonoid content, the highest quercetin content (0.5501 mg/ml) was found in the polyploid A. cina (J), while the highest kaempferol content (0.5818 mg/ml) was observed in the diploid A. cina (KJT). Although A. cina is widely grown in Indonesia, compared to other Artemisia species, A. cina has not been widely studied, especially its antibacterial  potential and in related to its flavonoid content and the use of ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent.  This study reveals the potential of A. cina as a natural antibacterial agent. 

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Antibacterial effect of Allium cepa (onion), Allium sativum (garlic), Azadirachta indica (neem) extract against different bacteria isolated from clinical sample.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahbaz Hussain ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Bilal Ghafoor ◽  
Umar Khalid Cheema ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and screen the antibacterial activity of medicinal plant which were most cultivated in ancient time. Study Design: Experimental Study. Setting: Microbiology Section, Pathology Department, Sheikh Zayed Hospital/Medical College Rahim Yar Khan. Period: February 2019 to May 2019. Material & Methods: The fresh aqueous extract of garlic cloves (Allium sativum), onion bulb (Allium cepa) and neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves used against the clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus), Escherichia coli (E.coli), Klebsiella, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species by using agar well diffusion method. Aqueous extract of used plant tested at different concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%. Results: All these concentrations showed inhibitory effect towards Gram positive bacteria (S.aureus), while Gram negative bacteria more sensitive to higher concentration. In this analysis, on comparison we observed that fresh garlic juice extract was more efficient on all tested bacteria either Gram positive or Gram negative than other and give maximum zone of inhibition on S.aureus (40mm) due to their high chemistry. Gram negative bacteria mainly E. coli somehow resistant to onion and neem extract because they possess the ability to rapidly mutate their genetic makeup towards phytochemical compounds. Conclusion: The result of study also elicits that efficacy of fresh extract depends upon concentrations levels. The plant showed maximum zone of inhibition at 100% than at 25% because on higher level they contain higher bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Extracts of Guava (Psidium guajavaL.) on Two Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipul Biswas ◽  
Kimberly Rogers ◽  
Fredrick McLaughlin ◽  
Dwayne Daniels ◽  
Anand Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Guava Leaves

Aim.To determine the antimicrobial potential of guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extracts against two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coliandSalmonella enteritidis) and two gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureusandBacillus cereus) which are some of foodborne and spoilage bacteria. The guava leaves were extracted in four different solvents of increasing polarities (hexane, methanol, ethanol, and water). The efficacy of these extracts was tested against those bacteria through a well-diffusion method employing 50 μL leaf-extract solution per well. According to the findings of the antibacterial assay, the methanol and ethanol extracts of the guava leaves showed inhibitory activity against gram-positive bacteria, whereas the gram-negative bacteria were resistant to all the solvent extracts. The methanol extract had an antibacterial activity with mean zones of inhibition of 8.27 and 12.3 mm, and the ethanol extract had a mean zone of inhibition of 6.11 and 11.0 mm againstB. cereusandS. aureus, respectively. On the basis of the present finding, guava leaf-extract might be a good candidate in the search for a natural antimicrobial agent. This study provides scientific understanding to further determine the antimicrobial values and investigate other pharmacological properties.

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