scholarly journals Human Granulosa Cells—Stemness Properties, Molecular Cross-Talk and Follicular Angiogenesis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396
Author(s):  
Claudia Dompe ◽  
Magdalena Kulus ◽  
Katarzyna Stefańska ◽  
Wiesława Kranc ◽  
Błażej Chermuła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Metabolite Exchange ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
New Strategies

The ovarian follicle is the basic functional unit of the ovary, comprising theca cells and granulosa cells (GCs). Two different types of GCs, mural GCs and cumulus cells (CCs), serve different functions during folliculogenesis. Mural GCs produce oestrogen during the follicular phase and progesterone after ovulation, while CCs surround the oocyte tightly and form the cumulus oophurus and corona radiata inner cell layer. CCs are also engaged in bi-directional metabolite exchange with the oocyte, as they form gap-junctions, which are crucial for both the oocyte’s proper maturation and GC proliferation. However, the function of both GCs and CCs is dependent on proper follicular angiogenesis. Aside from participating in complex molecular interplay with the oocyte, the ovarian follicular cells exhibit stem-like properties, characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Both GCs and CCs remain under the influence of various miRNAs, and some of them may contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) occurrence. Considering increasing female fertility problems worldwide, it is of interest to develop new strategies enhancing assisted reproductive techniques. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider GCs as ovarian stem cells in terms of the cellular features and molecular pathways involved in their development and interactions as well as outline their possible application in translational medicine.

scholarly journals TNFR1 is Upregulated and Mediates Apoptosis in Cumulus Cells of Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Jiang ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
qiong Yu ◽  
Hongping Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pcos Group

Abstract Purpose To investigate the changes of human granulosa cell, TNFR1, TNFR2 and their downstream molecules in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the control group. Methods We recruited infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 30) and compared them with infertility due to fallopian tube obstruction(n = 30, control group). The ovaries were stimulated with GnRH agonists and gonadotropins. Follicular fluid from large follicles ([14 mm]) was pooled and granulosa cells (GCs) were separated by a cellular filter. The TNF-α level of follicular fluid was measured by ELISA. TUNEL assay were used to detect the apoptosis of purified GCs. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of TNF-related signaling molecules in GCs. Results The rate of high quality embryos in the PCOS group was lower than that in the control group. There were higher percentages of apoptosis in GCs of PCOS patients than in the control group. TNF-α is upregulated in follicular fluid of PCOS patients. TNFR1 and caspase-3 mRNA level were signifificantly higher in PCOS group than in the control group. TNF-α-mediated apoptosis of PCOS granulosa cells was mainly dependent on TNFR1.The TNF-α/TNFR1 signaling pathway mediates apoptosis rather than survival in cumulus cells of PCOS patients. Conclusions TNF-α expression was upregulated in follicular fluid of PCOS patients, and TNFR1 overexpression in female granulosa cells of PCOS was associated with higher levels of apoptosis in these cells, suggesting that the TNF-α/TNFR1 signaling pathway may be a candidate for higher apoptosis in female granulosa cells of PCOS.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomal miR-323-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cumulus cells in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 3804-3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghui Zhao ◽  
Mei Tao ◽  
Meiling Wei ◽  
Shengye Du ◽  
Hongping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

MiR-29a regulates the proliferation, aromatase expression, and estradiol biosynthesis of human granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 498 ◽  
pp. 110540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yu-dong Liu ◽  
Xing-yu Zhou ◽  
Shi-ling Chen ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Aromatase Expression ◽  
Human Granulosa Cells

Notch signaling pathway in cumulus cells reflecting zygote and embryo quality in polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Masoudi ◽  
Nazila Yamini ◽  
Fahimeh Salehi ◽  
Reza Aflatoonian ◽  
Maryam Azizi Kutenaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Notch Signaling Pathway ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Confocal Microscopic Analysis of the Spindle and Chromosome Configurations of in vitro-Matured Oocytes from Different Types of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Chun-Sheng Han ◽  
Ze-Lei Cao ◽  
Zhen-Bo Wang ◽  
Rui-Gang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Different Types
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