scholarly journals The Rationale of Neprilysin Inhibition in Prevention of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury during ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2134
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bellis ◽  
Ciro Mauro ◽  
Emanuele Barbato ◽  
Giuseppe Di Gioia ◽  
Daniela Sorriento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

During the last three decades, timely myocardial reperfusion using either thrombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous intervention (pPCI) has allowed amazing improvements in outcomes with a more than halving in 1-year ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) mortality. However, mortality and left ventricle (LV) remodeling remain substantial in these patients. As such, novel therapeutic interventions are required to reduce myocardial infarction size, preserve LV systolic function, and improve survival in reperfused-STEMI patients. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) prevention represents the main goal to reach in order to reduce STEMI mortality. There is currently no effective therapy for MIRI prevention in STEMI patients. A significant reason for the weak and inconsistent results obtained in this field may be the presence of multiple, partially redundant, mechanisms of cell death during ischemia-reperfusion, whose relative importance may depend on the conditions. Therefore, it is always more recognized that it is important to consider a “multi-targeted cardioprotective therapy”, defined as an additive or synergistic cardioprotective agents or interventions directed to distinct targets with different timing of application (before, during, or after pPCI). Given that some neprilysin (NEP) substrates (natriuretic peptides, angiotensin II, bradykinin, apelins, substance P, and adrenomedullin) exert a cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury, it is conceivable that antagonism of proteolytic activity by this enzyme may be considered in a multi-targeted strategy for MIRI prevention. In this review, by starting from main pathophysiological mechanisms promoting MIRI, we discuss cardioprotective effects of NEP substrates and the potential benefit of NEP pharmacological inhibition in MIRI prevention.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rb1 for Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zheng ◽  
Xiao-Yi Bao ◽  
Peng-Chong Zhu ◽  
Qiang Tong ◽  
Guo-Qing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb1 ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Ginseng is an important herbal drug that has been used worldwide for many years. Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), the major pharmacological extract from ginseng, possesses a variety of biological activities in the cardiovascular systems. Here, we conducted a preclinical systematic review to investigate the efficacy of G-Rb1 for animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and its possible mechanisms. Ten studies involving 211 animals were identified by searching 6 databases from inception to May 2017. The methodological quality was assessed by using the CAMARADES 10-item checklist. All the data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. As a result, the score of study quality ranged from 3 to 7 points. Meta-analyses showed that G-Rb1 can significantly decrease the myocardial infarct size and cardiac enzymes (including lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB) when compared with control group (P<0.01). Significant decrease in cardiac troponin T and improvement in the degree of ST-segment depression were reported in one study (P<0.05). Additionally, the possible mechanisms of G-Rb1 for myocardial infarction are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis, promoting angiogenesis and improving the circulation. Thus, G-Rb1 is a potential cardioprotective candidate for further clinical trials of myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway is Involved in Arctigenin-Mediated Protective Effects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yin Liu ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Jing-Chao Lei ◽  
Xue-Jun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Arctigenin, one of the active ingredients extracted from Great Burdock (Arctium lappa) Achene, has been found to relieve myocardial infarction injury. However, the specific mechanism of Arctigenin against myocardial infarction remains largely unknown. Here, both acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (AMI/R) rat model and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced myocardial cell injury model were constructed to explore the underlying role of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in Arctigenin-mediated effects. The experimental data in our study demonstrated that Arctigenin ameliorated OGD-mediated cardiomyocytes apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, Arctigenin activated AMPK/SIRT1 pathway and downregulated NF-κB phosphorylation in OGD-treated cardiomyocytes, while inhibiting AMPK or SIRT1 by the Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) or SIRT1-IN-1 (a SIRT1 inhibitor) significantly attenuated Arctigenin-exerted protective effects on cardiomyocytes. In the animal experiments, Arctigenin improved the heart functions and decreased infarct size of the AMI/R-rats, accompanied with downregulated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptotic levels in the heart tissues. What’s more, Arctigenin enhanced the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway and repressed NF-κB pathway activation. Taken together, our data indicated that Arctigenin reduced cardiomyocytes apoptosis against AMI/R-induced oxidative stress and inflammation at least via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.

scholarly journals Sappanone A Prevents Left Ventricular Dysfunction in a Rat Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6935
Author(s):  
Woori Jo ◽  
Byung Sun Min ◽  
Hee-Young Yang ◽  
Na-Hye Park ◽  
Kyung-Ku Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Systolic And Diastolic Function

The incidence of myocardial infarction, among the causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, is increasing globally. In this study, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, including LV systolic and diastolic function, was investigated in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model with echocardiography. The homoisoflavanone sappanone A is known for its anti-inflammatory effects. Using echocardiography, we found that sappanone A administration significantly improved LV systolic and diastolic function in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model, especially in the early phase development of myocardial infarction. Based on myocardial infarct size, serum cardiac marker assay, and histopathological evaluation, sappanone A showed higher efficacy at the doses used in our experiments than curcumin and was evaluated for its potential to improve LV function.

Non-carbonyl Curcuma longa [NCCL] protects the heart from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing endothelial microparticle mediated inflammation in rats

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (60) ◽  
pp. 54938-54948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Manhas ◽  
Dipti Tripathi ◽  
Bharti Biswas ◽  
Hafsa Ahmad ◽  
Dipika Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Post Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Endothelial cell mediated inflammation flags and mediates the progression of pre and post myocardial infarction.

Effects of Sufentanil Preconditioning on Myocardial Infarction Areas and the Myocardial Enzyme in Myocardial Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury in Rats In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 614-616
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Guo Qing Zhao ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Da Peng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Infarction Size ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Myocardial Infarction Size ◽  
Myocardial Enzymes

Objective.To investigate the effects of sufentanil preconditioning on Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats in vivo.Methods. To randomly divide 50 male SD rats equally into 5 groups, including ischemia-reperfusion group( Group I/R ), ischemic preconditioning group(Group IPC), high-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group HS, 6.0µg/kg), medium-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group MS,2.0µg/kg) and low-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group LS, 0.60µg/kg).The left anterior descending coronary arterys(LAD) of rats in five groups are ligated for 30 minutes and are re-perfused for 90 minutes. To measure the myocardial infarction size (IS/AAR%) with double-staining with Even's blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and to calculate the concentration of LK, LK-MB and LDH. Result. Comparing with Group 1/R , the myocardial infarction size(IS/AAR%) in Group IPC, HS, MS and LS all reduced at different levels. Among the Group HS, MS and LS, the infarction size in Group HS reduced most significantly. Comparing with Group 1/R, the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes in the other four groups all reduced at different levels. Conclusion. Sufentanil preconditioning can reduce myocardial infarct size, decrease the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes. Therefore, sufentanil preconditioning has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in vivo, and the effects are dose-dependent. Suffentanil is a potent kind of opioid analgesics, which is widely used in clinical anesthesia. However, further studies are needed on effects of sufentanil preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. In order to protect the Myocardial ischemia patients and provide the foundations for application of sufentanil in peri-operative period, the authors investigate the effects of sufentanil preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury through comparison and analysis of the myocardial infarction size(IS), the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes in the ischemia-reperfusion group(Group IPC), the ischemic preconditioning group(Group IPC) and different-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group HS, MS LS).

Abstract 6: ADAMTS13 Reduces VWF-Mediated Acute Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Gandhi ◽  
Steven Lentz ◽  
Anil Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Acute Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Blocking Antibody ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

Background and objective: ADAMTS13 cleaves von Willebrand factor (VWF), a large multimeric protein that plays an important role in thrombus formation by binding to platelets following vascular injury. Epidemiological studies implicate elevated VWF levels and reduced ADAMTS13 activity in plasma as risk factors for myocardial infarction, but it remains unknown whether the ADAMTS13/VWF axis contributes to myocardial infarction pathogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that ADAMTS13 reduces VWF-mediated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in male mice (8-10 weeks of age) by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes followed by 23.5 hours of reperfusion. The extent of myocardium damage was evaluated by measuring infarct size (%) in 2 mm serial sections stained with 2% triphenyl-2, 3, 4-tetrazolium-chloride. Results: Adamts13 -/- mice had significantly larger infarcts (mean ± SEM: 21.4 ± 1.3%, P <0.05) than WT mice (16.9 ± 1.2%) after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Adamts13+/- mice, which have a 50% reduction in ADAMTS13 activity, had similar sized infarcts (16.6 ± 1.3%) compared to those in WT mice. Because VWF remains the only known substrate of ADAMTS13 in multiple experimental models, we hypothesized that ADAMTS13 reduces myocardial injury through its proteolytic effect on hyper adhesive ULVWF and /or VWF. To test this hypothesis, we used a VWF-blocking antibody. Interestingly, WT mice treated with the VWF-blocking antibody showed a marked reduction in infarct size (7.9 ± 0.6%, P < 0.001) compared with WT mice treated with control Ig (17.5 ± 1.5 %). Finally, Adamts13 -/- mice treated with the VWF-blocking antibody had infarct sizes (8.0 ± 1.5%) that were similar to those WT mice treated with VWF-blocking antibody, demonstrating that increased infarct size in the Adamts13 -/- mice in this acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model is VWF-dependent. Conclusion: These findings reveal a new role for anti-thrombotic enzyme ADAMTS13 in reducing VWF-mediated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

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