scholarly journals Objective Food Intake in Night and Day Shift Workers: A Laboratory Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichi Chen ◽  
Shaza Lauren ◽  
Bernard P. Chang ◽  
Ari Shechter
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Sleep Episode ◽  
Night And Day

Night shift work is associated with risk of overweight and obesity. In night shift workers, short sleep duration combined with circadian misalignment may contribute to altered food intake regulation, favoring positive energy balance and weight gain. Prior work investigating food intake in shift workers has suffered methodologically due to reliance on subjective self-report for dietary assessment. No study has yet been done to examine the impact of night shift work on food intake in real-life shift workers using objective measures. Female day (n = 12) and night (n = 12) shift workers from a hospital setting participated in a laboratory-based objective food intake assessment. Participants entered the laboratory in the fasted state after awakening from the sleep episode following a final work shift, and underwent an ad libitum 14-item test meal buffet to objectively quantify food choice/intake. Sleep duration (measured via wrist-accelerometry) during the sleep episode before laboratory assessment was significantly longer in day vs. night workers (373.9 ± 127.5 vs. 260.6 ± 102.9 min, p = 0.03). No significant group difference was observed in calories consumed during the test meal (943.08 ± 469.55 vs. 878.58 ± 442.68 kcal, p = 0.74). When expressed as percent of energy consumed, day workers had higher protein consumption vs. night workers (16.03 ± 5.69 vs. 11.82 ± 4.05%; p = 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first laboratory-based behavioral assessment of food choice/intake in actual night and day shift workers. Although not studied here, work by others has linked protein intake to satiety. This may be a potential pathway placing shift workers at risk for overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals 0253 Eating Behaviors, Physical Activity, and Sleep in Shift Workers: Results from a Combined Field and Laboratory Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A96-A97
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
S Lauren ◽  
A Shechter
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Dietary Recall

Abstract Introduction In shift workers, short sleep duration combined with circadian misalignment may affect behaviors that impact regulation of energy balance and metabolism. We conducted a combined field-and-laboratory study to determine how real-life shift work affects diet, physical activity, and sleep via objective and self-report measures. Methods Participants were day (n=12) and night (n=12) shift workers from an urban hospital setting (nurses and technicians, all female). During the field portion of the study, participants wore a wrist-mounted accelerometer to track sleep and physical activity during their series of shifts, and completed a computer-assisted 24-hour dietary recall. After awakening from the sleep episode following the final work shift, participants entered the laboratory in the fasted state and underwent an ad libitum 14-item test-meal buffet to objectively quantify food choice and intake. Results Sleep duration was significantly shorter and worse quality in night vs. day workers. Physical activity levels were not different between groups. Based on 24-h dietary recall, night vs. day workers consumed less protein (65.9 ± 39.0 vs. 87.2 ± 40.7 g, p=0.01) and fiber (12.5 ± 6.0 vs. 16.9 ± 6.2 g, p=0.01), but did not differ in daily intakes of calories, fat, or carbohydrate. Night vs. day workers reported a longer daily window of eating duration (14.2 ± 3.8 vs. 12.0 ± 1.5 h, p=0.02). In the lab test-meal, there were no group differences in total calories consumed. When expressed as percent of calories consumed, night vs. day workers had lower protein intake (11.82 ± 4.05 vs. 16.03 ± 5.69 %; p=0.05). Conclusion To our knowledge, this was the first study to include a laboratory-based behavioral assessment of food choice/intake in real-life night and day shift workers using objective measures. We did not assess measures of circadian phase so can only assume that circadian misalignment, in addition to the disturbances in sleep duration and quality, contributes to findings. Changes to dietary patterns in night vs. day workers (namely, reduced protein intake which may affect satiety, and prolonged daily eating duration window) may present potential pathways by which night shift work contributes to risk for overweight and obesity. Support UL1TR000040

scholarly journals 0006 The Role of Stress in Sleep in Night Shift Workers: Going Beyond Circadian Misalignment

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A2-A3
Author(s):  
E Schaap ◽  
C Sagong ◽  
A S Cuamatzi Castelan ◽  
J Sayed ◽  
T Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Dim Light

Abstract Introduction Despite a growing need for nighttime work, few studies have characterized the causes of sleep disturbance in night shift workers beyond circadian misalignment. Recent research suggest that high sleep reactivity to stress (a predisposition for sleep disturbance due to stress) may also lead to sleep difficulties in shift workers. This study investigated if sleep reactivity is an independent predictor of daytime sleep disturbances after controlling for circadian phase. Methods Night shift workers (N= 48) completed an 8 hour polysomnography (PSG) during the daytime following a night shift (9am - 4pm). Circadian phase was measured using melatonin assays of saliva samples collected over 24 hours under dim light (<10 lux; Dim Light Melatonin Onset [DLMO]). Sleep reactivity was measured using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST). Linear regressions were conducted with PSG sleep parameters as outcome variables: difficulty falling asleep (Sleep Onset Latency [SOL] and Latency to Persistent Sleep [LPS]), difficulty staying asleep (Wake After Sleep Onset [WASO]), and sleep duration (Total Sleep Time [TST]). FIRST was tested as a predictor controlling for DLMO. Results After controlling for circadian phase, higher FIRST scores was associated with more difficulty staying asleep (WASO: t[45]=4.059, p<0.001) and shorter sleep duration (TST: t[45] = -4.403, p<0.0001), but not predictive of difficulty falling asleep (SOL: p>0.05). However, higher FIRST scores did predict a longer latency to persistent sleep (LPS: t[45]=2.272, p<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that sleep reactivity to stress and circadian misalignment are independent processes that are both associated with disrupted daytime sleep in night shift workers. Given that night shift work can also cause psychosocial stress, treatments focused on circadian misalignment alone may not be sufficient. Our study highlights the need to consider sleep reactivity in the clinical management of shift work disorder. Support Support for this study was provided to PC by NHLBI (K23HL138166).

scholarly journals Social jetlag and sleep debts are altered in different rosters of night shift work

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262049
Author(s):  
Swaantje Casjens ◽  
Frank Brenscheidt ◽  
Anita Tisch ◽  
Beate Beermann ◽  
Thomas Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Night Shifts

Background Night and shift work are suspected to cause various adverse effects on health and sleep. Sleep deprivation through shift work is assumed to be compensated on free days. So far it is not clear how different shift systems and shift lengths affect sleep structure on work and free days. Especially working night shifts disrupts the circadian rhythm but also extended working hours (12h) might affect sleep characteristics. Hitherto, the magnitude of sleep debt, social jetlag, and Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) in different shift systems is unknown. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of five different shift rosters on sleep in 129 industrial workers from Germany. Permanent night work with multiple shift systems with and without night shifts and with different shift lengths were compared. Wrist-activity was monitored over 28 days revealing sleep on- and offsets as well as LIDS as proxy for sleep quality. Overall, 3,865 sleep bouts comprising 22,310 hours of sleep were examined. Results The mean daily age-adjusted sleep duration (including naps) was 6:43h and did not differ between shift workers of different rosters. However, sleep duration on workdays was particularly low in rotational shift systems with 12h-shifts (5:00h), while overall sleep debt was highest. Shift workers showed a median absolute social jetlag of 3:03h, which differed considerably between shift types and rosters (p<0.0001). Permanent night workers had the highest social jetlag (5:08h) and latest mid-sleeps on workdays and free days. Sleep quality was reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers in other rosters and differed between daytime and nighttime sleep. Conclusions Shift work leads to partial sleep deprivation, which particularly affects workers in 12h-shifts and permanent night shifts. Working these shifts resulted in higher sleep debts and larger absolute social jetlag whereas sleep quality was especially reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers of other rosters.

scholarly journals Disturbances of Autonomic Regulation of Cardiovascular System at Different Working Regimes with Night Shifts

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Merkulov ◽  
A. A. Pyatkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova ◽  
D. M. Merkulova ◽  
O. Yu. Atkov
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Orthostatic Test ◽  
Heart Rhythm Variability ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Rotating Shift Work ◽  
Night Shifts

Aim        To study temporal and spectral characteristics of heart rhythm variability (HRV) in night shift workers.Materials and methods       Along with traditional risk factors, conditions of labor contribute to development of cardiovascular morbidity, including night shift work, which can be associated with disorders of the autonomic regulation detected by analysis of HRV. This study included 100 healthy men. 74 of them were engaged in shift work, including 53 men with rotating shift work, 21 men with fixed night shifts, and 26 men with day-time work. HRV was analyzed by data of 5-min electrocardiogram recording (background recording and orthostatic test).Results   Night-shift workers had decreases in total power of regulation (ТР, SDNN) and in the parasympathetic branch (HF, pNN50). Rotating night-shift workers displayed significant decreases in SDNN and pNN50 and pronounced changes in the VLF / LF / HF ratio in the orthostatic test.Conclusion            In work with night shifts, the type of autonomic regulation differs from the “standard” functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This study showed different effects of night work regimens on HRV indexes. With the rotating shift work, the ANS dysregulation was more profound and was evident by a significant decrease in the ANS total tone and parasympathetic activity (SDNN, pNN50) compared to night shifts with fixed working hours. The excessive weakening of the parasympathetic component in the passive orthostatic test can be considered as an early marker for ANS maladaptation. 

Serotonin variations and sleep disorders among shift workers. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110331
Author(s):  
Rehab Shehata Abdelhady Shehata ◽  
Zeinab Ahmed Mohamed Nour ◽  
Amul Mohamed Abdelrahim Badr ◽  
Eman Mahmoud Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Blood Serotonin

Sleep disorders are prevalent occupational health problems among shift workers, especially healthcare workers with long shifts. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter related to circadian variations accompanied by shift work. A cross-sectional study was performed on 73 nurses at a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt, to assess sleep quality among shift work nurses (SWNs), to determine blood serotonin level, and its relation to shift work and sleep quality. A demographic and occupational history questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and measurement of blood serotonin were carried out to the studied group. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25, and descriptive statistics, unpaired t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis Test, Chi-square, Spearman correlation, and multivariate regression analysis were utilized. The results showed that the mean PSQI global score was significantly higher among SWNs than non-shift work nurses (NSWNs) and was the highest (10.32 ± 3.56 and 10.22 ± 2.4, respectively) among rotatory and fixed night shift nurses. Blood serotonin showed highly significant differences between SWNs over NSWNs ( p = 0.001), and mostly reduced among rotatory and fixed night shift nurses (66.7% and 65%, respectively). Moreover, there were highly significant differences in serotonin levels between poor and good sleep quality nurses ( p < 0.001), and most of the poor sleep quality nurses (62.7%) had low serotonin levels. Abnormal serotonin level (odds = 246.5) and working years (odds = 1.2) were statistically significant predictors of poor sleep quality. In conclusion, SWNs, especially rotating and night shift nurses, suffer from poor sleep quality associated with abnormal levels of blood serotonin.

scholarly journals The Effect of Shift Work and Poor Sleep on Self-Reported Skin Conditions: A Survey of Call Center Agents in the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Lu ◽  
Amanda Suggs ◽  
Harib Ezaldein ◽  
Jason Ya ◽  
Pingfu Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skin Conditions

Night shift workers may have a disrupted circadian rhythm, which may contribute to the development of skin disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the prevalence and severity of self-reported skin disease between “regular” day shift workers compared to “graveyard” night shift workers. We conducted surveys from 630 call center agents in Manila, the Philippines, and they were analyzed regarding demographics, medical history, dermatologic history, lifestyle, and sleep. No difference was found in the prevalence of skin disease between shifts. However, night shift workers were worse sleepers. When compared to good sleepers, poor sleepers had a higher prevalence of skin disease with worse severity. Graveyard shift workers with poor sleep may have increased skin disease severity.

Circadian Activity Rhythms and Sleep in Nurses Working Fixed 8-hr Shifts

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiunn-Horng Kang ◽  
Nae-Fang Miao ◽  
Ing-Jy Tseng ◽  
Trevor Sithole ◽  
Min-Huey Chung
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Circadian Activity ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Evening Shift

Shift work is associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of shift work on circadian activity rhythms (CARs) and objective and subjective sleep quality in nurses. Female day-shift ( n = 16), evening-shift ( n = 6), and night-shift ( n = 13) nurses wore a wrist actigraph to monitor the activity. We used cosinor analysis and time–frequency analysis to study CARs. Night-shift nurses exhibited the lowest values of circadian rhythm amplitude, acrophase, autocorrelation, and mean of the circadian relative power (CRP), whereas evening-shift workers exhibited the greatest standard deviation of the CRP among the three shift groups. That is, night-shift nurses had less robust CARs and evening-shift nurses had greater variations in CARs compared with nurses who worked other shifts. Our results highlight the importance of assessing CARs to prevent the adverse effects of shift work on nurses’ health.

scholarly journals O4A.5 Night shift work is associated with abnormal liver function

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A33.2-A33
Author(s):  
Lap Ah Tse ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Liuzhuo Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Li
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Abnormal Liver Function ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Biochemical Analyzer ◽  
Stratified Analysis

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between night shift work and elevated level of alanine transaminase (e-ALT) of workers, stratified by status of non-alcohol fatty liver.MethodsWe established a prospective cohort of night shift workers in Shenzhen, China. All 4740 male workers who had liver function data from the baseline survey of this night shift workers’ cohort were included in the current analysis. We collected information on demographics, lifestyles, and lifetime working schedule from standardized questionnaire. We examined workers’ NAFL status using liver sonography and their serum ALT levels using the automatic biochemical analyzer. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsThis cohort contained 39.5% night shift workers. Compared with the day workers, night shift workers had higher odds of e-ALT (OR: 1.18; 95% CI 1.00–1.40). Stratified analysis showed that a positive gradient between night shift years and elevated e-ALT was only restricted to the night shift workers without NAFL. No similar trend was observed among those with NAFL.ConclusionsNight shift work is positively associated with the abnormal liver function in workers without NAFL, which indicates that shift work involving circadian disruption is likely to affect abnormal liver function.[National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project number 81273172 and 81372964), [email protected] (Lap Ah Tse)]

Relationship of work-related stress with obesity among Brazilian female shift workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Janaína Cristina da Silva ◽  
Anderson Garcez ◽  
Gabriela Herrmann Cibeira ◽  
Heloísa Theodoro ◽  
Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Related Stress

Abstract Objectives: To explore the relationship between work-related stress and obesity among female shift workers. Additionally, we also aimed to test the interaction between shift work and work-related stress in this association. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Brazilian female shift workers. Work-related stress was assessed through a demand–control questionnaire (Job Stress Scale). Work-related stress was defined by the presence of high psychological demands and low control at work. The obesity cases were defined as those with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more. Multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was used to obtain the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95 % CI. Setting: A group of industries located in southern Brazil in 2017. Participants: Four hundred and twenty female workers aged 18–59 years. Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 30 % (95 % CI: 25·6, 34·4), and the presence of work-related stress was identified in 24 % (95 % CI: 19·9, 28·1) of the sample. We found an indication of interaction between work-related stress and night shift work on obesity (P = 0·026). After adjusting for confounding factors, work-related stress was associated with a 71 % greater probability of obesity (PR = 1·71; 95 % CI: 1·02, 2·87; P = 0·042) among female night shift workers. Conclusions: In this study, we revealed that exposure to work-related stress and night shift work were associated with obesity among female shift workers. Furthermore, the prevalence of obesity was high among female shift workers.

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