scholarly journals Effect of Metal Powder Characteristics on Structural Defects of Graphene Nanosheets in Metal Composite Powders Dispersed by Ball Milling

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Qi Yan ◽  
Biao Chen ◽  
Xinyi Zhou ◽  
Katsuyoshi Kondoh ◽  
Jinshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Metal Powder ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Powder Characteristics

Ball milling (BM) is the prime method to disperse graphene into metal powders; however, it inevitably introduces structural defects to graphene. The balance between dispersion quality and structural damage of graphene during BM is a significant issue for fabricating graphene/metal composite powders. In this study two metal powder characteristics, namely type and size, were investigated to understand the effect of the BM process on graphene structure in graphene/metal composite powders. Graphene nanosheets (GNSs) were added into commercial Ti-6Al-4V and pure Al powders with different diameters by three kinds of BM processes with distinct energy levels. According to the microstructure and Raman spectra, the results suggested that metal particle size had a minor influence in low-energy BM, while it played an important role in high-energy BM (HEBM). The structural defects of GNS crystals increase with increasing BM energy. However, increasing energy in BM has limited damage as the discrepancy in particle size is quite large. Furthermore, Al powders with lower hardness tend to deform with lower BM effect, which will cause less damage to GNSs compared to that in the harder Ti powder. Those findings may have implications for the development of high-performance metal matrix composites reinforced with nanocarbon materials.

Synthesis of nanodiamond-reinforced aluminum metal composite powders and coatings using high-energy ball milling and cold spray

Carbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 404-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Woo ◽  
B. Sneed ◽  
F. Peerally ◽  
F.C. Heer ◽  
L.N. Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Cold Spray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Aluminum Metal ◽  
Energy Ball

Physical and Electrochemical Properties of SiOx /C Composites Prepared by a Combination of Spray Pyrolysis and High Energy Ball Milling

2015 ◽  
Vol 1775 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anara Molkenova ◽  
Izumi Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray ◽  
Energy Ball

ABSTRACTSpray pyrolysis has been widely used to prepare homogeneous and uniform ceramic powders with high purity. In this study, we are proposing ultrasonic spray pyrolysis followed by heat treatment to produce SiOx/C composite powders, where sucrose was used as a carbon source. Furthermore, high energy ball milling of the as-prepared powders in the presence of acetylene black was conducted to activate its electrochemical properties by reducing the particle size and improving the functionalization of the SiOx composite particles. SiOx/C nanocomposite finally obtained at a sucrous concentration of 0.1 mol L-1 showed superior electrochemical properties, and the SiOx/C nanocomposite electrode delivered the first discharge and charge capacities of 1252 and 819 mAh g-1, respectively, with an initial columbic efficiency of 65% at a current density of 50 mAh g-1 in the potential range from 0.01 to 3 V versus Li/Li+.

Development of Ni/h-BN Self-Lubricating Composite Powder by High-Energy Ball Milling

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Moisés Luiz Parucker ◽  
César Edil da Costa ◽  
Viviane Lilian Soethe
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Energy Ball

Solid lubricants have had good acceptance when used in problem areas where the conventional lubricants cannot be applied: under extreme temperatures, high charges and in chemically reactive environments. In case of materials manufactured by powder metallurgy, particles of solid lubricants powders can be easily incorporated to the matrix volume at the mixing stage. In operation, this kind of material provides a thin layer of lubricant that prevents direct contact between the surfaces. The present study aimed at incorporating particles of second phase lubricant (h-BN) into a matrix of nickel by high-energy ball milling in order to obtain a self-lubricating composite with homogeneous phase distribution of lubricant in the matrix. Mixtures with 10 vol.% of h-BN varying the milling time of 5, 10, 15 and 20 hours and their relationship ball/powder of 20:1 were performed. The effect of milling time on the morphology and microstructure of the powders was studied by X-ray diffraction, SEM and EDS. The composite powders showed reduction in average particle size with increasing milling time and the milling higher than 5 hours resulted in equiaxial particles and the formation of nickel boride.

Probing the Effect of High Energy Ball Milling on the Structure and Properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Stein ◽  
Chien-Fan Chen ◽  
Matthew Mullings ◽  
David Jaime ◽  
Audrey Zaleski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Li Ion

Particle size plays an important role in the electrochemical performance of cathodes for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. High energy planetary ball milling of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC) cathode materials was investigated as a route to reduce the particle size and improve the electrochemical performance. The effect of ball milling times, milling speeds, and composition on the structure and properties of NMC cathodes was determined. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that ball milling decreased primary particle (crystallite) size by up to 29%, and the crystallite size was correlated with the milling time and milling speed. Using relatively mild milling conditions that provided an intermediate crystallite size, cathodes with higher capacities, improved rate capabilities, and improved capacity retention were obtained within 14 μm-thick electrode configurations. High milling speeds and long milling times not only resulted in smaller crystallite sizes but also lowered electrochemical performance. Beyond reduction in crystallite size, ball milling was found to increase the interfacial charge transfer resistance, lower the electrical conductivity, and produce aggregates that influenced performance. Computations support that electrolyte diffusivity within the cathode and film thickness play a significant role in the electrode performance. This study shows that cathodes with improved performance are obtained through use of mild ball milling conditions and appropriately designed electrodes that optimize the multiple transport phenomena involved in electrochemical charge storage materials.

scholarly journals Studying the Influence of Mica Particle Size on the Properties of Epoxy Acrylate/Mica Composite Coatings through Reducing Mica Particle Size by the Ball-Milled Method

Coatings ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Yaling Da ◽  
Jianxing Liu ◽  
Zixian Gao ◽  
Xiangxin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Epoxy Acrylate ◽  
Pencil Hardness ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Mica Composite

In this work, a series of epoxy acrylate (EA)/mica composite coatings were synthesized through introducing mica powders of different particle size into epoxy acrylate coatings and using an ultraviolet (UV) curing technique to investigate the influence of mica particle size on the coatings. Mica powders of different particle sizes were obtained by ball-milling for 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 h with a planetary high-energy ball mill. The particle size and morphologies of ball-milled mica powders were characterized by laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that planetary ball-milling reduced the particle size of mica powders effectively. Mica powders that were un-ball-milled and ball-milled were added into the epoxy acrylate matrix by a blending method to synthesize the organic-inorganic UV curable coatings. The optical photographs of the coatings showed greater stability of liquid mixtures with smaller particle size fillers. The chemical structures of EA/mica composite coatings were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the conversion rate of C=C bonds was calculated. The results indicated that the C=C conversion of coatings with mica powders of smaller particle sizes was higher. Tests of mechanical properties and tests using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that pencil hardness, impact resistance, and coating resistance were improved due to the reduction of mica powders particle size.

scholarly journals Mechanical synthesis of chemically bonded phosphorus–graphene hybrid as high-temperature lubricating oil additive

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4595-4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhu Wu ◽  
Kuiliang Gong ◽  
Gaiqing Zhao ◽  
Wenjing Lou ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Mechanical Synthesis ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Lubricating Oil Additive

Red phosphorus (P) was covalently attached to graphene nanosheets (Gr) using high-energy ball-milling under a nitrogen atmosphere.

Combination of Spray Forming and Metal Powder Productions by the Internal Mixing Atomizer with a Substrate

2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 1237-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh Ron Wang ◽  
Pin Jen Chen ◽  
Je Rei Yang ◽  
Jin Shen Chiu ◽  
Tien Chu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Metal Powder ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Powder Production ◽  
Internal Mixing ◽  
Impinging Flow

This paper describes the performance of an atomizer coupled with a substrate which produces metal powder and spray forming materials simultaneous in the spray chamber. Ultra fine metal powders are produced from this process. The melt is atomized by a twin-fluid atomizer with internal mixing mechanisms. The molten spray injected from the swirling chamber of the atomizer is then impinged upon the substrate to form the two phase impinging flow. The deposition rate of the molten spray on the substrate is controlled by the diameter of the substrate, the height of the substrate ring and the distance of the substrate from the outlet of the atomizer. This in turn determines the powder production rate of the spraying processes. Experimental results indicate that the deposition rate of the spray forming material decreases as the distance between the substrate and the atomizer increases. For example, the deposition rate decreases from 48% to 19% as the substrate is placed at a distance from 20cm to 40cm. On the other hand, the metal powder production rate and its particle size increases as the substrate is placed far away from the atomizer. The production of metal powder with mean particle size as low as 3μ m level has been achieved, a level which is not achievable by the conventional gas atomization processes.

High Energy Milling of WС-FeСr Cemented Carbide

2019 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Marek Tarraste ◽  
Jakob Kübarsepp ◽  
Kristjan Juhani ◽  
Märt Kolnes ◽  
Mart Viljus
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Size Range ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
High Energy Milling

During production of cemented carbides hard and brittle tungsten carbide (WC) and ductile metal powders (mainly from Fe-group) are milled together. Complete milling results in a Gaussian distribution and narrow particle size range of the milled powder which promote the homogeneity and improve the properties of sintered composites. Cobalt, conventional metal employed in cemented carbides, possesses good comminution characteristics with WC powder. However, its toxicity and fluctuating price pushes researchers to find suitable alternatives and Fe-based alloys have shown most promising results. Cemented carbides with the Fe-Cr system as metal binder phase have potential to perform better than regular WC-Co composites in corrosive and oxidative environments. The goal of this paper was to prepare uniform cemented carbides powders with relatively high fraction of stainless Fe-Cr steel. To achieve a uniform powder mixture is a challenge at high ductile steel fraction. High energy milling (HEM) is a powerful technique for achieving (ultra) fine powder mixtures with narrow powder size range. HEM was carried out in a novel high energy ball mill RETSCH Emax. Milling in tumbling ball mill, which is the most widely used method, was employed for reference. Prepared powder mixtures were characterised in terms of particle size, size distribution and shape. In addition, powder mixtures were consolidated via spark plasma sintering to evaluate the effect of the milling method and the duration on the microstructure of final cemented carbide.

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