Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo: A Comparative Study By DoE/QbD Approach

Some ancient medications were used to make the hair care herbal shampoo powder. Organoglytics, powder characteristics, foam test, and physical evaluation were performed on Tulsi, Shikakai, Heena, Bahera, Amla, Neem, and Brahmi. Existing inspections will assist set standards and assessment criteria, which will undoubtedly aid to standardise the quality and purity of these herbal powder shampoos, due to the selection of drugs once the drugs are used together or jointly. We optimise the formula with the help of the Design of Experiments as per the Quality by Design approach. This paper illustrates broad theoretical as well as practical view of advanced screening design. In addition to the statistical concept‟s regression analysis, parato chart, residual diagnosis, main effect plot, interaction effect plot, design space and multiple response prediction.

The Effect of Expanded and Natural Flake Graphite Additives on Positive Active Mass Utilization of the Lead-Acid Battery

The effects of expanded and not expanded (natural flake) graphite additives were evaluated on the discharge utilization of the positive active material (PAM) in the lead-acid battery. Graphite powders were added to the paste at 2.20 vol. % and tested in model 2V battery cells under a wide range of discharge currents from 8C to C/20. The effects of graphite on the PAM pore volume and pore size distribution were measured with mercury porosimetry, and a good correlation was found between the pore volume of the PAM and utilization performance of the cells. It was shown that the powder characteristics of graphite can affect the PAM pore volume. A correlation was found between the graphite additives’ structural order and PAM utilization.

Influence of Metallic Powder Characteristics on Extruded Feedstock Performance for Indirect Additive Manufacturing

Material extrusion (MEX) of metallic powder-based filaments has shown great potential as an additive manufacturing (AM) technology. MEX provides an easy solution as an alternative to direct additive manufacturing technologies (e.g., Selective Laser Melting, Electron Beam Melting, Direct Energy Deposition) for problematic metallic powders such as copper, essential due to its reflectivity and thermal conductivity. MEX, an indirect AM technology, consists of five steps—optimisation of mixing of metal powder, binder, and additives (feedstock); filament production; shaping from strands; debinding; sintering. The great challenge in MEX is, undoubtedly, filament manufacturing for optimal green density, and consequently the best sintered properties. The filament, to be extrudable, must accomplish at optimal powder volume concentration (CPVC) with good rheological performance, flexibility, and stiffness. In this study, a feedstock composition (similar binder, additives, and CPVC; 61 vol. %) of copper powder with three different particle powder characteristics was selected in order to highlight their role in the final product. The quality of the filaments, strands, and 3D objects was analysed by micro-CT, highlighting the influence of the different powder characteristics on the homogeneity and defects of the greens; sintered quality was also analysed regarding microstructure and hardness. The filament based on particles powder with D50 close to 11 µm, and straight distribution of particles size showed the best homogeneity and the lowest defects.

Formulation and evaluation of dry herbal powder shampoo

Shampoos are used not only for cleansing purpose but also for imparting gloss to hair and to maintain their manageability and oiliness for hair. Shampoos are of various types, like powder shampoo, clear liquid shampoo liquid shampoo, lotion shampoo, solid gel shampoo, medicated shampoo, liquid herbal shampoo etc. As far as herbal shampoos are concerned in stability criteria. Depending upon the nature of the ingredients they may be simple or plain shampoo, antiseptic or antidandruff.In the present work the herbal shampoo powder has been developed, by using traditional drugs for hair care. The preparation were formulated using Onion Powder, Rose Petal, Lemon Grass, Flaxseed or Linseed, Hirda, Bahera, Black tea, Brahmni, Triphala, Bhringraj, Ginger Root, Ashwagadha, Shikakai, Feenu greek, Shatavari, Heena, Wala, Aloevera Powder, Nirgudi Powder, Bavachi, Jatha mansi, Tulsi, Neem, Hibiscus Flower, and Retha evaluated for organoleptic properties, powder characteristics, foam test and physical evaluation.The physicochemical evaluation of the formulated shampoo showed ideal results. However, to improve its quality, product performance, and safety, further development and study was required.

Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Zr-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composite

Composites based on Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 metallic glass (MG) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by ball milling. Different composites (30/70, 50/50 and 70/30) were produced. Samples for dynamic mechanical analysis and laser flash analysis were fabricated in the supercooled region of the metallic glass and viscous region of the polymer. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was performed at the supercooled region for the metallic glass powder. Characteristics such as thermal, mechanical, and structural properties were studied. A formation of the Zr2Cu and Zr2Ni intermetallic was found in the metallic glass after SPS. A formation of the nanocrystalline Zr2Cu was found in composite samples. Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to study the mechanical behavior of the material. It was concluded that the 70/30-MG/PTFE composite sample had better thermal conductivity than the other composite samples. The thermal conductivity of the metallic glass was the highest among the samples and it increased with the MG content in composites.

Optimization of amorphous solid dispersion techniques to enhance solubility of febuxostat

Febuxostat is a selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase and belongs to BCS class II drugs having low solubility and high permeability. Solubility is the most important parameter which directly affects dissolution, absorption and bioavailability of the drugs. There are different techniques by which we can improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drug. Amorphous solid dispersion is one of the methods which can improve solubility as well as powder characteristics. The aim of the present study was to formulate and optimize various methods of formulating solid dispersion by using various drug-to-polymer ratios and identifying the batch which gives higher solubility as well as amorphous powder of the drug febuxostat. Different techniques like hot melt method, solvent evaporation method and spray drying techniques were selected for optimization. Attempts were made to improve solubility of febuxostat by employing Kolliphor P 188, Kolliphor P 237, Eudragit RLPO in different drug-to-polymer ratios (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2) as carrier. The prepared solid dispersion was characterized for the saturation solubility, percentage yield, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powdered X-ray diffraction studies (PXRD), and residual solvent determination. Solid state characterization indicated that febuxostat was present in the amorphous form after mixing with polymeric carrier. In contrast to the pure form of drug, solid dispersion of the drug showed better solubility and amorphous characteristics which can be attributed to decreased crystallinity due to hydrotrophy. Thus, amorphous solid dispersion approach can be used successfully to enhance solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of febuxostat.