scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Porous Functionally Graded Femoral Prostheses with Improved Stress Shielding

Designs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morassa Jafari Chashmi ◽  
Alireza Fathi ◽  
Masoud Shirzad ◽  
Ramazan-Ali Jafari-Talookolaei ◽  
Mahdi Bodaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Hip Replacements ◽  
3D Finite Element Method ◽  
Better Than

One of the most important problems of total hip replacement is aseptic loosening of the femoral component, which is related to the changes of the stress distribution pattern after implantation of the prosthesis. Stress shielding of the femur is recognized as a primary factor in aseptic loosening of hip replacements. Utilizing different materials is one of the ordinary solutions for that problem, but using functionally graded materials (FGMs) could be better than the conventional solutions. This research work aims at investigating different porous FGM implants and a real femoral bone by a 3D finite element method. The results show that a neutral functionally graded prosthesis cannot extraordinarily make changes in the stress pattern of bone and prosthesis, but an increasing functionally graded prosthesis leads a lower level of stress in the prosthesis, and a decreasing functionally graded prosthesis can properly reduce the stress shielding among these three architectures. Due to the absence of similar results in the specialized literature, this paper is likely to fill a gap in the state-of-the-art bio-implants, and provide pertinent results that are instrumental in the design of porous femoral prostheses under normal walking loading conditions.

State of the art in functionally graded materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 113596
Author(s):  
Vasavi Boggarapu ◽  
Raghavendra Gujjala ◽  
Shakuntla Ojha ◽  
Sk Acharya ◽  
P. Venkateswara babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials

A state of the art in Functionally Graded Materials and their Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 3931-3936
Author(s):  
Prabhat Pradhan ◽  
Mihir Kumar Sutar ◽  
Sarojrani Pattnaik
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials

Interaction Between Bone Cement Cracking and Non-Slip Implant Interfaces

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Gi Park ◽  
Leszek J. Sudak
Keyword(s):  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Implant Fixation ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
National Hospital Discharge Survey ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Knee Replacements ◽  
Hip Replacements ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Cemented Implants ◽  
Better Than

According to National Hospital Discharge Survey 2003, approximately 217,000 and 402,000 patients in the U.S. underwent Total Hip Replacement (THR) and Total Knee Replacement (TKR) operations, respectively and $24.7 billion dollars were spent in hospitalization related to these replacement surgeries. In addition, there were 36,000 revision hip replacements and 33,000 revision knee replacements. To decrease the revision surgeries and increase the performance of the implants, many researchers have provided new techniques for better implant fixation and mechanisms of debonding around implants. With respect to fixation, performance of cemented prosthesis is reported to be better than those of cementless ones. Moreover, surgery with cemented implants has been among the most popular and widely performed.

Giant Synovial Cyst Causing Femoral Occlusion following a Hip Replacement

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Farrington ◽  
P. Lewis ◽  
A.G. MacEachern
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Polyethylene Wear ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Synovial Cyst ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Extrinsic Compression ◽  
Hip Replacements ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Long-term follow-up of total hip replacements (THR) is essential for accurate recording of complications associated with this procedure, in particular the occurrence of wear and aseptic loosening which may warrant revision surgery. A significant proportion of patients with aseptic loosening are asymptomatic and radiological signs may be subtle and easily missed. Occasionally a synovial cyst can develop as a result of polyethylene wear debris and aseptic loosening. These cysts are usually small but can expand and become symptomatic. We describe a case where a large cyst caused sufficient extrinsic compression of the femoral vein as to occlude it. This was a potentially life-threatening complication. We emphasize the importance of clinical examination for leg swelling and groin mass in routine surveillance of total hip replacement.

scholarly journals Secondary Stability of a Composite Biomimetic Cementless Hip Stem

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Caouette ◽  
Martin N. Bureau ◽  
L’Hocine Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
The World ◽  
Hip Stems ◽  
Surrounding Bone ◽  
Secondary Stability

Total hip replacement is one of the most successful and frequent surgery in the world; over a million of these procedures are performed every year, and the numbers are growing with the ageing of the general population. The patients who receive these implants also are younger nowadays. Major problems however still subsist with traditional hip stems: aseptic loosening is a common cause of revision surgery. The main causes of aseptic loosening are both mechanical and biological in origin. Mechanical causes include stress shielding and micromotions at bone-implant interface, and biological causes are mainly osteolysis triggered by wear debris formation and bone remodeling. To remedy the mechanical issues, a biomimetic concept was developed (patent pending): an osseointegrated stem with mechanical properties close to those of the surrounding bone would avoid both stress shielding and micromotions phenomena. To evaluate this concept, a finite element model (FEM) was developed and used to simulate bone resorption, stress shielding and micromotions [1]. The preliminary results were promising as those problems were significantly reduced with the new prosthesis, but the model still remained to be proved accurate; its bone-implant interface was of particular interest because of its decisive influence on micromotions.

Modelling of Processing of FGM Bioimplants

2009 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Michael M. Gasik ◽  
Bao Sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Composition Profile ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Gradient Profile ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Replacement Prosthesis

Bioimplants composed of metal and ceramic parts are recently widely used in medicine. It was shown that properties of these implants might be substantially improved with functionally graded materials (FGM). In this work ceramics FGM are considered with emphasis on the optimal processing technique. For ceramic balls and liners of total hip replacement prosthesis optimal sintering procedure is very important irrespectively on the initially selected graded composition profile to get beneficial stresses distribution after sintering and assembling. Different examples are shown and influence of the sintering and gradient profile selection on final properties is discussed.

scholarly journals On the Use of Functionally Graded Materials to Differentiate the Effects of Surface Severe Plastic Deformation, Roughness and Chemical Composition on Cell Proliferation

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Weiss ◽  
Yaël Nessler ◽  
Marc Novelli ◽  
Pascal Laheurte ◽  
Thierry Grosdidier
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
Major Question ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Microstructure Modification

Additive manufacturing allows the manufacture of parts made of functionally graded materials (FGM) with a chemical gradient. This research work underlines that the use of FGM makes it possible to study mechanical, microstructural or biological characteristics while minimizing the number of required samples. The application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) on FGM brings new insights on a major question in this field: which is the most important parameter between roughness, chemistry and microstructure modification on biocompatibility? Our study demonstrates that roughness has a large impact on adhesion while microstructure refinement plays a key role during the early stage of proliferation. After several days, chemistry is the main parameter that holds sway in the proliferation stage. With this respect, we also show that niobium has a much better biocompatibility than molybdenum when alloyed with titanium.

Tensile Behaviour of Functionally Graded Braided Carbon Fibre/Epoxy Composite Material

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Ming Huang ◽  
Qiongan Wang ◽  
S. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Braiding Angle

The primary objective of this research work was to investigate experimentally the tensile behaviour of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) made from tubular braided composites and to find out the relationship between the tensile property of the FGM and that of the corresponding non-FGM. Composites were made using tubular braided carbon fibre fabrics and an epoxy resin. The FGM specimens had varying braiding angles and the non-FGM specimens had constant braiding angles. The effect of braiding angle on the composite properties was established from the test results for the non-FGM specimens. It was shown that both the tensile strength and modulus decreased as the braiding angle increased. The tensile behaviour of the FGM specimens was demonstrated to be related to that of the non-FGM specimens. The tensile modulus of an FGM specimen could be estimated from the tensile moduli of a series of non-FGM specimens. The tensile strength of an FGM specimen was a function of its largest braiding angle, and was higher than that of a non-FGM specimen with a braiding angle equal to this largest braiding angle.

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