scholarly journals Costs of Providing HIV Self-Test Kits to Pregnant Women Living with HIV for Secondary Distribution to Male Partners in Uganda

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Bulterys ◽  
Andrew Mujugira ◽  
Agnes Nakyanzi ◽  
Miriam Nampala ◽  
Geoffrey Taasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
Secondary Distribution ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Roll Out ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background: Secondary distribution of HIV self-testing kits (HIVST) to pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics to give to their male partners is a promising strategy to increase testing coverage among men, but its costs are unknown. Methods: We conducted micro-costing of a trial evaluating secondary distribution of HIVST on pregnant women living with HIV (PWLHIV) in an ANC in Kampala, Uganda. Costs (2019 USD) were collected from program budgets, expenditure records, time and motion observations, and staff interviews and estimated for three scenarios: as-studied, reflecting full costs of the research intervention, Ministry of Health (MOH) implementation, reflecting the research intervention if implemented by the MOH, and MOH roll-out, the current strategy being used to roll out HIVST distribution. Results: In the as-studied scenario, cost of HIVST provision was $13.96/PWLHIV reached, and $11.89 and $10.55 per HIV-positive and HIV-negative male partner, respectively, who linked to a clinic for facility-based testing. In the MOH implementation scenario, costs were $9.45/PWLHIV, and $7.87 and $6.99, respectively, per HIV-positive and HIV-negative male partner linking to the clinic. In the MOH roll-out scenario, the cost of HIVST provision to pregnant women regardless of HIV status was $3.70/woman, and $6.65/HIV-positive male partner. Conclusion: Secondary distribution of HIVST from pregnant women can be implemented at reasonable cost to increase testing among men in Uganda and similar settings in Africa.

scholarly journals Contraceptive use and preference of HIV infected pregnant women living with HIV-negative partners in the central region of Cameroon: a cross sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kuete ◽  
Hilary Christiane Sipeuwou Ngueye ◽  
Sean Zhe Wang ◽  
HongFang Yuan ◽  
XiuLan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Discordant Couples ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Background Evidences in sub-Saharan Africa including Cameroon indicate that most of HIV discordant couples want more children despite their HIV status. Investigate and establish contraception preferences among HIV infected individuals are fundamental and crucial to provide effective reproductive healthcare.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using structured questionnaire to explore HIV-positive pregnant women patterns including their family planning services, their preferences and its use, and their knowledge related to HIV/AIDS. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore associations and predictors of contraception preference and use; all tests were two sided significant at P < 0.05.Results Overall, 94 HIV-positive pregnant women aged 30.70±5.50 years living with HIV-negative partners were from the different areas of the central region of Cameroon. Three-fourths were aware of the effectiveness of modern contraceptives and condoms, and only 28% had experienced modern contraption. 98% preferred to use traditional methods associated with infrequent condoms use. Multiple sociodemographic factors (marital status, group age, educational level, religion, occupation) affected contraceptive method preferences and its use ( P <0.05). These factors are the landmarks to predict discordant couples’ behavior in HIV disclosure, discussion and decision making for contraception, preventing mother to-child transmission and HIV-negative partner infection ( P <0.05).Conclusion Despite the awareness of participants related both on contraception methods and HIV/AIDS matters, participants faced societal, cultural and demographic barriers to make own decision for contraception use. Promoting effective family planning services and given the entire range of contraception options may help women living with HIV to choose for effective ones and consequently reduce newly HIV infections.

Global line-1 hypomethylation as novel biomarker for cervical cancer in Nigerian women living with HIV.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17513-e17513
Author(s):  
Yinan Zheng ◽  
Jonah Musa ◽  
Brian Thomas Joyce ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Demirkan Gursel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative

e17513 Background: Nigeria faces a high health burden of cervical cancer (CC), which is worsened by high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Repetitive elements (RE) are DNA sequences that occur in multiple copies throughout the human genome. HIV infection can lead to RE hypomethylation that causes genome instability, an event often seen in the early phase of tumorigenesis. We aim to examine global RE hypomethylation as a novel epigenetic biomarker for CC among HIV-positive women in Nigeria. Methods: This study involved three groups of women: a) HIV-positive with CC (n=39); b) HIV-positive and cancer-free (n=52); and c) HIV-negative with CC (n=23). We estimated three types of global RE methylation in cervical tissue using genome-wide methylation data: long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1), Alu, and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV). We used multiple linear regression adjusting for age, education, parity, employment, cancer stage, body mass index, and sample batch to compare the biomarkers across the HIV/ICC groups and paired t-test to compare 26 pairs of tumor vs. surrounding normal tissues, stratified by HIV status. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under the ROC (AUC) were used to examine the diagnostic value. Results: Among HIV-positive women, all 3 global RE methylation biomarkers were hypomethylated in CC compared to cancer-free (LINE-1: mean difference [MD]=-0.049, p-value=2.9e-8; Alu: MD=-0.011, p-value=2.0e-4; HERV: MD=-0.013, p-value=1.7e-6). Paired analyses showed a larger, more significant MD in HIV-positive stratum than HIV-negative, especially LINE-1 (MD=-0.048 vs. -0.020, p-value=0.004 vs. 0.254). LINE-1 achieved the highest AUC (0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.95) in distinguishing tumor tissue from normal tissue among HIV-positive women, followed by HERV (0.82, 95% CI: 0.73-0.92) and Alu (0.60, 95% CI: 0.47-0.72). Conclusions: Global LINE-1 hypomethylation may serve as a novel biomarker for CC screening and early detection for women living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Dynamics of leukocyte telomere length in pregnant women living with HIV, and HIV-negative pregnant women: A longitudinal observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0212273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Saberi ◽  
Steve E. Kalloger ◽  
Mayanne M. T. Zhu ◽  
Beheroze Sattha ◽  
Evelyn J. Maan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative

scholarly journals Correlates of HIV status non-disclosure by pregnant women living with HIV to their male partners in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A Bulterys ◽  
Monisha Sharma ◽  
Kenneth Mugwanya ◽  
Gabrielle Stein ◽  
Andrew Mujugira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Pattern of Maternal Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Colonization in Relation to CD4 Count among HIV Positive Women in Jos

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dahal A. Samuel ◽  
Sabitu M. Zainu ◽  
Hosea S. Hamafyelto ◽  
Ille Mamman ◽  
Daniel Z. Egah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Hiv Negative

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization among HIV positive and HIV negative pregnant women in relation to CD4 cell counts. Materials and Methodology: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study of 200 pregnant women (100 HIV positive and 100 HIV negative) and 100 non-pregnant women (50 HIV positive and 50 HIV negative) obtaining health care at the Jos University Teaching Hospital between July 2017 and November 2017. Systematic sampling technique and written informed consent were used in recruiting subjects for this study. High vaginal and anorectal swabs were collected from each subject after filling a structured questionnaire. CD4 cell count was also done for all the HIV positive patients at Aids Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN) of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). The results from the laboratory analysis of the specimens were computed using SPSS version 21. Results: A colonization rate of 7.3% was observed in HIV positive patients compare to 5.3% in HIV negative. The different in colonization rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (X2 = 0.507; P = 0.477) (Table 1). In pregnant women living with HIV, colonization rate was 8.0% compare to 5.0% observed in non-pregnant women living with HIV. This however, was not statistically significant (Table 2) (χ2 = 0.013; P = 0.908). HIV positive subjects with low CD4 counts (<200 cells/μl) were observed to have high colonization rate (20.0%) than patients with high CD4 counts (≥500 cells/μl). Those with CD4 counts between 200-499 cells/μl had 8.1% colonization rate. These findings, though not statistically significant (Table 4) (χ2 = 1.3814; P = 0.2399), the increased colonization rate in low CD4 cell counts may be due to inability of the patient to mount immune response against the organism. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in GBS colonization among HIV positive patients. A higher colonization rate was observed in HIV patients among the age group 21-25 years; ager was not significantly risk factor for GBS colonization in HIV patients. CD4 cell counts seem not to play any significant role in GBS colonization rate. Although, it was observed to be higher in patients with low CD4 cell counts; the different was not statistically significant.

The Complexity of Work for Women who are HIV Positive: A Case Study in DKI Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Andi Nur Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Living With Hiv

<p>The phenomenon of HIV-AIDS transmission places women in a difficult situation. The loss of family members such as husbands due to AIDS leaves women living with HIV positive in a struggle to access sources of livelihood. The condition of themselves as PLWHA, concerns about being stigmatized, caring for family members, and earning a living are the burdens of life they have to face. In this regard, this paper explores the complexity of the work of HIV-positive women. This study uses a qualitative method with a feminist perspective to get a complete picture of the livelihood of HIV-positive women. Based on interviews with five HIV-positive women, the findings found a link between social, identity, and gender categories that affect their livelihoods. HIV-positive women also transform themselves into their “normal” self by pretending to be healthy, able to work, have quality, and be independent. This is done as a form of resistance to the stigma attached to PLWHA.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

Correlates of HIV-Positive Fathers’ Involvement in Prevention of Motherto- child Transmission Programs in Northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-457
Author(s):  
Zubairu Iliyasu ◽  
Hadiza S. Galadanci ◽  
Bashir Muhammad ◽  
Fatima Z. Yadudu ◽  
Aminatu A. Kwaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Paternal Education

Background: The involvement of men in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programs could accelerate the elimination of vertical transmission. Yet, little research has focused on HIV-positive male partners. This study determined predictors of male partners’ PMTCT knowledge and involvement in a tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria. Methods: A clinic-based sample of 401 HIV-positive male partners of women who delivered within 12 months prior were interviewed using structured questionnaires. PMTCT knowledge and involvement scores were computed. Adjusted odd ratios (AOR) for predictors were derived from multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The proportion of respondents with adequate PMTCT knowledge was 40.9%. Less than half (43.6%) of the respondents participated in PMTCT, with median involvement score of 2.00 (interquartile range, IQR = 0, 5.0). One quarter of respondents (25.7%, n =103) reported >1 sex partners, 10.5% consistently used condoms, and 20.7% had disclosed to all partners. Father’s involvement in PMTCT was predicted by paternal education (AOR = 0.30; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.12-0.77, no formal vs. post-secondary), HIV-positive child (AOR = 3.85; 95%CI: 1.41-10.54, yes vs. no), treatment duration (AOR = 4.17; 95%CI: 1.67-10.41, ≤1 vs. ≥10 years), disclosure to partner(s) (AOR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.15-3.52, ‘disclosed to all’ vs. ‘not disclosed’), condom use (AOR = 5.81; 95%CI: 3.07-11.0, always vs. never), and PMTCT knowledge (AOR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.31-0.92, inadequate versus adequate). Conclusion: The involvement of fathers in HIV PMTCT programs was low and predicted by paternal education, HIVpositive child, duration of antiretroviral treatment, disclosure to partner, consistent condom use, and level of PMTCT knowledge. Our findings will inform the development of policies to increase male partner involvement in PMTCT in Nigeria.

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