scholarly journals A Deep Neural Network Method for Arterial Blood Flow Profile Reconstruction

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1114
Author(s):  
Dan Yang ◽  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Weight Matrix ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Profile Reconstruction

Arterial stenosis will reduce the blood flow to various organs or tissues, causing cardiovascular diseases. Although there are mature diagnostic techniques in clinical practice, they are not suitable for early cardiovascular disease prediction and monitoring due to their high cost and complex operation. In this paper, we studied the electromagnetic effect of arterial blood flow and proposed a method based on the deep neural network for arterial blood flow profile reconstruction. The potential difference and weight matrix are used as inputs to the method, and its output is an estimate of the internal blood flow velocity distribution for arterial blood flow profile reconstruction. Firstly, the weight matrix is input into the convolutional auto-encode (CAE) network to extract its features. Then, the weight matrix features and potential difference are combined to obtain the features of the blood velocity distribution. Finally, the velocity features are reconstructed into blood flow velocity distribution by a convolution neural network (CNN). All data sets are obtained from a model of the carotid artery with different rates of stenosis in a uniform magnetic field by COMSOL. The results show that the average root mean square error of the reconstruction results obtained by the proposed method is 0.0333, and the average correlation coefficient is 0.9721, which is better than the corresponding indicators of the Tikhonov, back propagation (BP) and CNN methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy in blood flow profile reconstruction and is of great significance for the early diagnosis of arterial stenosis and other vessel diseases.

Abstract 183: Differences in Genetic Regulation of Carotid Stenosis and Thickening in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Gerloff ◽  
Katrien Genyn ◽  
Aldons J Lusis ◽  
Vyacheslav A Korshunov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Arterial Blood

Introduction Most clinical and experimental studies are focused on the artery wall using a carotid intima-media thickening (IMT) phenotype. In physiological remodeling increases in IMT are coupled with increased arterial dimensions that preserve arterial blood flow. In contrast, pathological remodeling results in arterial stenosis. The goal of this study was to investigate genetic mechanisms of the carotid stenosis in inbred mice. Methods and Results We ligated external and internal branches of the left carotid artery, leaving the occipital artery patent to induce carotid IMT in mice. We evaluated flow-induced carotid remodeling in 9-12 week old males of 30 inbred mouse strains (n=270). Relative reductions in the left carotid blood flow were very similar among the mouse strains (Mean+SD= -86+7%) after two weeks after ligation. All animals were perfusion fixed with formalin and carotid arteries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. There was less than 2-fold variation in carotid traits in controls. However, ligation resulted in a greater variation of carotid IMT (~6-fold) compared to carotid stenosis (~3-fold). The highest carotid IMT values were in SEA/GnJ, while the lowest IMT was in C3H/HeJ mice. Carotid stenosis was >60% in SEA/GnJ and SJL/J strains. There was significant correlation (R 2 =0.40) between carotid stenosis and IMT across 30 strains. We performed genome-wide association by using Efficient Mixed Model Association method for carotid traits in 30 inbred mice. Comparable numbers of genetic loci were associated with carotid IMT and stenosis after ligation. However, none of these loci overlap between the carotid stenosis and carotid IMT. Conclusions We found that major genetic modifiers for carotid stenosis are different from those that control carotid IMT. Our data also suggest that identification of mechanisms that determine carotid stenosis is difficult through studies on the carotid IMT.

scholarly journals A magnetic resonance imaging-compatible small animal model under extracorporeal circulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-614
Author(s):  
Anna Kathrin Assmann ◽  
Payam Akhyari ◽  
Florian Demler ◽  
Artur Lichtenberg ◽  
Alexander Assmann
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of different extracorporeal circulation (ECC) scenarios on arterial blood flow profiles has not yet been revealed. To allow for exact measurements, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during ECC is required. Therefore, the present study addressed the feasibility of a high-resolution MRI-compatible animal model of ECC. For usage in New Zealand White rabbits, we developed an ECC device, the tubes of which were long enough to eliminate impacts of the magnetic field on the blood pump and heart–lung control machine. The miniaturized ECC system via thoracic access comprised an infant oxygenator, a pulsatile centrifugal pump, 1/8″ tubes, a 10-Fr aortic cannula and a 12-Fr venous cannula for vacuum-assisted drainage. This miniaturized ECC system has very low priming volume (230–255 ml) to reduce the system-inherent haemodilution to 50%. Consequently, haemoglobin rates remained high enough to guarantee adequate oxygenation (arterial pressure of oxygen >200 mmHg). Optimized venous drainage by an additionally inserted pulmonary artery vent catheter resulted in sufficient blood flow (31.6–65.8 ml/min/kg) that was maintained for 60 min with pulsatility. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of MRI-compatible ECC in rabbits, and this model allows for real-time blood flow profile measurements during different ECC scenarios in future projects.

Modeling Elastic Walls in Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Arterial Blood Flow

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xenia Descovich ◽  
Giuseppe Pontrelli ◽  
Sauro Succi ◽  
Simone Melchionna ◽  
Manfred Bammer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Simulations ◽  
Elastic Walls

scholarly journals Sustained Inflation Reduces Pulmonary Blood Flow during Resuscitation with an Intact Cord

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Jayasree Nair ◽  
Lauren Davidson ◽  
Sylvia Gugino ◽  
Carmon Koenigsknecht ◽  
Justin Helman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Sustained Inflation ◽  
Near Term

The optimal timing of cord clamping in asphyxia is not known. Our aims were to determine the effect of ventilation (sustained inflation–SI vs. positive pressure ventilation–V) with early (ECC) or delayed cord clamping (DCC) in asphyxiated near-term lambs. We hypothesized that SI with DCC improves gas exchange and hemodynamics in near-term lambs with asphyxial bradycardia. A total of 28 lambs were asphyxiated to a mean blood pressure of 22 mmHg. Lambs were randomized based on the timing of cord clamping (ECC—immediate, DCC—60 s) and mode of initial ventilation into five groups: ECC + V, ECC + SI, DCC, DCC + V and DCC + SI. The magnitude of placental transfusion was assessed using biotinylated RBC. Though an asphyxial bradycardia model, 2–3 lambs in each group were arrested. There was no difference in primary outcomes, the time to reach baseline carotid blood flow (CBF), HR ≥ 100 bpm or MBP ≥ 40 mmHg. SI reduced pulmonary (PBF) and umbilical venous (UV) blood flow without affecting CBF or umbilical arterial blood flow. A significant reduction in PBF with SI persisted for a few minutes after birth. In our model of perinatal asphyxia, an initial SI breath increased airway pressure, and reduced PBF and UV return with an intact cord. Further clinical studies evaluating the timing of cord clamping and ventilation strategy in asphyxiated infants are warranted.

Incidence and risk factors of early arterial blood flow stasis during first radioembolization of primary and secondary liver malignancy using resin microspheres: an initial single-center analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2779-2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Christian Pieper ◽  
Winfried A. Willinek ◽  
Daniel Thomas ◽  
Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar ◽  
Markus Essler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Liver Malignancy ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Resin Microspheres ◽  
Flow Stasis
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