scholarly journals Modeling the Price Volatility of Cassava Chips in Thailand: Evidence from Bayesian GARCH-X Estimates

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Jittima Singvejsakul ◽  
Yaovarate Chaovanapoonphol ◽  
Budsara Limnirankul
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Trading Partners

Thailand is a significant global exporter of cassava, of which cassava chips are the main export products. Moreover, China was the most important export market for Thailand from 2000 to 2020. However, during that period, Thailand confronted fluctuations in the cassava product price, and cassava chips were a product with significant price volatility, adapting to changes in export volumes. This study aims to analyze the volatility of the price of cassava chips in Thailand from 2010 to 2020. The data were collected monthly from 2010 to 2020, including the price of cassava chips in Thailand (Y), the volume of cassava China imported from Thailand (X1), the price of the cassava chips that China imported from Thailand (X2), the price of the cassava starch that China imported from Thailand (X3), the substitute crop price for maize (X4), the substitute crop price for wheat (X5), and Thailand’s cassava product export volume (X6). The volatility and the factors affecting the volatility in the price of cassava chips were calculated using Bayesian GARCH-X. The results indicate that the increase in X1, X2, X3, X4, and X6 led to an increase in the rate of change in cassava chip price volatility. On the other hand, if the substitute crop price for wheat (X5) increases, then the rate of change in the volatility of the cassava chip price decreases. Therefore, the government’s formulation of an appropriate cassava policy should take volatility and the factors affecting price volatility into account. Additionally, the government’s formulation of agricultural policy needs to consider Thailand’s macro-environmental factors and its key trading partners, especially when these environmental factors signal changes in the price volatility of cassava.

scholarly journals Economic factors affecting Thailand’s frozen shrimp export volume to the United States and Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
He Shuquan ◽  
Matukorn Bu-iad
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Private Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Frozen Shrimp

A Study of Economic Factors Affecting Thailand’s Frozen Shrimp Export Volume to the United States and Japan which hypothesized that there are economic factors that affect the quantity of frozen shrimp exports from Thailand to the United States, namely the Manufacturing Production Index classified by production activity, Frozen Seafood (MPI), Domestic Wholesale Shrimp Price (PRIshrimp), United States Gross Domestic Product (GDPU.S.A.), Per Capita Income of US Population (PCIU.S.A.), Rate Of Change In Private Consumption And Consumption Expenditures Of The US Private Sector (PCEU.S.A.) and assumed that there are economic factors affecting the quantity of frozen shrimp exports to Japan, namely the Manufacturing Production Index classified by production activity, Frozen Seafood Category (MPI), Domestic Wholesale Shrimp Price (PRIshrimp) , Japan Gross Domestic Product (GDPJapan), Per Capita Income Of Japanese Population (PCIJapan), Rate Of Change In Private Consumption And Consumption Expenditures Of The Japanese Private Sector (PCEJapan) which are consistent with the research of Pathumnakul, S., Khamjan, S., & Piewthongngam, K. (2007). Will use secondary data by collecting data on a monthly basis from January 2017 to December 2019 with the analysis of complex regression equations. By the least-squares estimation method, the study found that the economic factors affecting frozen shrimp export volume of Thailand to the United States in the same direction are manufacturing production index classified by production activity, frozen seafood category, wholesale shrimp prices in the country, the gross domestic product of USA, income per capita of the United States population and rate of change in US private consumption expenditure has no effect on the export volume of frozen shrimp from Thailand to the United States. For economic factors affecting the frozen shrimp export volume of Thailand to Japan in the same direction is statistically significant, the manufacturing production index classified by production activity, frozen seafood category, wholesale shrimp prices in the country, the gross domestic product of Japan, income per capita of the Japanese population and the rate of change in Japanese private consumption expenditure has no effect on the export volume of frozen shrimp from Thailand to Japan. Keywords: economic factors, frozen shrimp, export volume.

Environmental factors affecting reproducibility of bioremediation field assays in Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 102915 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Martínez Álvarez ◽  
L.A.M. Ruberto ◽  
J.M. Gurevich ◽  
W.P. Mac Cormack
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Host and Environmental Factors Affecting the Intestinal Microbiota in Chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannigje G. Kers ◽  
Francisca C. Velkers ◽  
Egil A. J. Fischer ◽  
Gerben D. A. Hermes ◽  
J. A. Stegeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Patterns and Controls of Evapotranspiration across the Tibetan Plateau (2000–2012)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Junnan Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Positive Correlations

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key factor to further our understanding of climate change processes, especially on the Tibetan Plateau, which is sensitive to global change. Herein, the spatial patterns of ET are examined, and the effects of environmental factors on ET at different scales are explored from the years 2000 to 2012. The results indicated that a steady trend in ET was detected over the past decade. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution shows an increase of ET from the northwest to the southeast, and the rate of change in ET is lower in the middle part of the Tibetan Plateau. Besides, the positive effect of radiation on ET existed mainly in the southwest. Based on the environment gradient transects, the ET had positive correlations with temperature (R>0.85, p<0.0001), precipitation (R > 0.89, p < 0.0001), and NDVI (R > 0.75, p < 0.0001), but a negative correlation between ET and radiation (R = 0.76, p < 0.0001) was observed. We also found that the relationships between environmental factors and ET differed in the different grassland ecosystems, which indicated that vegetation type is one factor that can affect ET. Generally, the results indicate that ET can serve as a valuable ecological indicator.

Species Responses to Grazing and Environmental-Factors in an Arid Halophytic Shrubland Community

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Species Responses

Species responses to grazing and environmental factors were studied in an arid halophytic shrubland community in Western Australia. The grazing responses of major shrub species were defined by using reciprocal averaging ordination of botanical data, interpreted in conjunction with a similar ordination of soil chemical properties and measures of soil erosion derived from large-scale aerial photographs. An apparent small-scale interaction between grazing and soil salinity was also defined. Long-term grazing pressure is apparently reduced on localised areas of high salinity. Environmental factors affecting species distribution are complex and appear to include soil salinity, soil cationic balance, geomorphological variation and the influence of cryptogamic crusts on seedling establishment.

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