scholarly journals A Review on Deep Learning-Based Approaches for Automatic Sonar Target Recognition

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1972
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Neupane ◽  
Jongwon Seok
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Underwater Sound ◽  
Sonar Systems ◽  
Sonar Signal Processing ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Data Acquisition Process

Underwater acoustics has been implemented mostly in the field of sound navigation and ranging (SONAR) procedures for submarine communication, the examination of maritime assets and environment surveying, target and object recognition, and measurement and study of acoustic sources in the underwater atmosphere. With the rapid development in science and technology, the advancement in sonar systems has increased, resulting in a decrement in underwater casualties. The sonar signal processing and automatic target recognition using sonar signals or imagery is itself a challenging process. Meanwhile, highly advanced data-driven machine-learning and deep learning-based methods are being implemented for acquiring several types of information from underwater sound data. This paper reviews the recent sonar automatic target recognition, tracking, or detection works using deep learning algorithms. A thorough study of the available works is done, and the operating procedure, results, and other necessary details regarding the data acquisition process, the dataset used, and the information regarding hyper-parameters is presented in this article. This paper will be of great assistance for upcoming scholars to start their work on sonar automatic target recognition.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Recognition System for Target Recognition from Sparse Representations

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongyong Cui ◽  
Zongjie Cao ◽  
Jianyu Yang ◽  
Hongliang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Restricted Boltzmann Machines

A hierarchical recognition system (HRS) based on constrained Deep Belief Network (DBN) is proposed for SAR Automatic Target Recognition (SAR ATR). As a classical Deep Learning method, DBN has shown great performance on data reconstruction, big data mining, and classification. However, few works have been carried out to solve small data problems (like SAR ATR) by Deep Learning method. In HRS, the deep structure and pattern classifier are combined to solve small data classification problems. After building the DBN with multiple Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), hierarchical features can be obtained, and then they are fed to classifier directly. To obtain more natural sparse feature representation, the Constrained RBM (CRBM) is proposed with solving a generalized optimization problem. Three RBM variants,L1-RNM,L2-RBM, andL1/2-RBM, are presented and introduced to HRS in this paper. The experiments on MSTAR public dataset show that the performance of the proposed HRS with CRBM outperforms current pattern recognition methods in SAR ATR, like PCA + SVM, LDA + SVM, and NMF + SVM.

Interpretability of deep convolutional neural networks on rolling bearing fault diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixin Yang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Saliency Map ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Abstract Despite the rapid development of deep learning-based intelligent fault diagnosis methods on rotating machinery, the data-driven approach generally remains a "black box" to researchers, and its internal mechanism has not been sufficiently understood. The weak interpretability significantly impedes further development and applications of the effective deep neural network-based methods. This paper contributes efforts to understanding the mechanical signal processing of deep learning on the fault diagnosis problems. The diagnostic knowledge learned by the deep neural network is visualized using the neuron activation maximization and the saliency map methods. The discriminative features of different machine health conditions are intuitively observed. The relationship between the data-driven methods and the well-established conventional fault diagnosis knowledge is confirmed by the experimental investigations on two datasets. The results of this study can benefit researchers on understanding the complex neural networks, and increase the reliability of the data-driven fault diagnosis model in the real engineering cases.

scholarly journals Multi-Aspect SAR Target Recognition Based on Prototypical Network with a Small Number of Training Samples

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4333
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Lijia Huang ◽  
Yu Xin ◽  
Jiayi Guo ◽  
Zongxu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Recognition Method ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
Model Training ◽  
Sar Target Recognition

At present, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) has been deeply researched and widely used in military and civilian fields. SAR images are very sensitive to the azimuth aspect of the imaging geomety; the same target at different aspects differs greatly. Thus, the multi-aspect SAR image sequence contains more information for classification and recognition, which requires the reliable and robust multi-aspect target recognition method. Nowadays, SAR target recognition methods are mostly based on deep learning. However, the SAR dataset is usually expensive to obtain, especially for a certain target. It is difficult to obtain enough samples for deep learning model training. This paper proposes a multi-aspect SAR target recognition method based on a prototypical network. Furthermore, methods such as multi-task learning and multi-level feature fusion are also introduced to enhance the recognition accuracy under the case of a small number of training samples. The experiments by using the MSTAR dataset have proven that the recognition accuracy of our method can be close to the accruacy level by all samples and our method can be applied to other feather extraction models to deal with small sample learning problems.

scholarly journals When Deep Learning Meets Multi-Task Learning in SAR ATR: Simultaneous Target Recognition and Segmentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3863
Author(s):  
Chenwei Wang ◽  
Jifang Pei ◽  
Zhiyong Wang ◽  
Yulin Huang ◽  
Junjie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Stationary Target ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Task Learning ◽  
Precise Shape ◽  
Target Attributes

With the recent advances of deep learning, automatic target recognition (ATR) of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has achieved superior performance. By not being limited to the target category, the SAR ATR system could benefit from the simultaneous extraction of multifarious target attributes. In this paper, we propose a new multi-task learning approach for SAR ATR, which could obtain the accurate category and precise shape of the targets simultaneously. By introducing deep learning theory into multi-task learning, we first propose a novel multi-task deep learning framework with two main structures: encoder and decoder. The encoder is constructed to extract sufficient image features in different scales for the decoder, while the decoder is a tasks-specific structure which employs these extracted features adaptively and optimally to meet the different feature demands of the recognition and segmentation. Therefore, the proposed framework has the ability to achieve superior recognition and segmentation performance. Based on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset, experimental results show the superiority of the proposed framework in terms of recognition and segmentation.

A Bayesian Approach to Active Self-Paced Deep Learning for SAR Automatic Target Recognition

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Haohao Ren ◽  
Xuelian Yu ◽  
Lorenzo Bruzzone ◽  
Yukun Zhang ◽  
Lin Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition
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