scholarly journals The Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine During Start-Up Process at Different Altitudes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3556
Author(s):  
Liang Fang ◽  
Diming Lou ◽  
Zhiyuan Hu ◽  
Piqiang Tan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Different Altitudes

With increasingly stringent emission regulations, the cold start emissions have become more important than ever. Using a low compression ratio is a feasible way to improve a heavy-duty engine’s efficiency and emissions. However, cold start performance restricts the development of this technology, especially at high altitudes. In response, we conducted a study of the emissions of a heavy-duty low-compression-ratio diesel engine during start-up process at different altitudes. A plateau simulation system controlled the inlet and exhaust pressure to create altitude environments of 0 m, 1000 m, 2000 m, 3000 m, 3750 m and 4500 m. The gas, particulate and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were analyzed with speed and cycle during the start-up process. The results indicated that cold start performance and combustion characteristics became worse as altitudes increased. The gas and particulate emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), total hydrocarbon (THC) and nitrous oxide (NOX) almost all increased as the engine speed and altitude increased, and was much higher than in idle conditions. The PN and PM emissions in each particle diameter also increased as the altitude increased, which was the same as the nucleation mode and the accumulation mode particles. VOC emissions were also measured, which increased during the start-up process as altitudes increased.

Effects of the Injection Parameters on the Emissions of a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yılmaz ◽  
M. Zafer Gul ◽  
Y. Yukselenturk ◽  
B. Akay ◽  
H. Koten
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Multiphase Model ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Flow Development ◽  
Air Motion

It is estimated by the experts in the automotive industry that diesel engines on the transport market should increase within the years to come due to their high thermal efficiency coupled with low carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, provided their nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate emissions are reduced. At present, adequate after-treatments, NOx and particulates matter (PM) traps are developed and industrialized with still concerns about fuel economy, robustness, sensitivity to fuel sulfur and cost because of their complex and sophisticated control strategy. New combustion processes focused on clean diesel combustion are investigated for their potential to achieve near zero particulate and NOx emissions. Their main drawbacks are increased level of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, combustion control at high load and limited operating range and power output. In this work, cold flow simulations for a single cylinder of a nine-liter (6 cylinder × 1.5 lt.) diesel engine have been performed to find out flow development and turbulence generation in the piston-cylinder assembly. In this study, the goal is to understand the flow field and the combustion process in order to be able to suggest some improvements on the in-cylinder design of an engine. Therefore combustion simulations of the engine have been performed to find out flow development and emission generation in the cylinder. Moreover, the interaction of air motion with high-pressure fuel spray injected directly into the cylinder has also been carried out. A Lagrangian multiphase model has been applied to the in-cylinder spray-air motion interaction in a heavy-duty CI engine under direct injection conditions. A comprehensive model for atomization of liquid sprays under high injection pressures has been employed. The combustion is modeled via a new combustion model ECFM-3Z (Extended Coherent Flame Model) developed at IFP. Finally, a calculation on an engine configuration with compression, spray injection and combustion in a direct injection Diesel engine is presented. Further investigation has also been performed in-cylinder design parameters in a DI diesel engine that result in low emissions by effect of high turbulence level. The results are widely in agreement qualitatively with the previous experimental and computational studies in the literature.

scholarly journals Performance and exhaust gases of a diesel engine using different magnetic treatments of the fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6285-6294
Author(s):  
R. Arias Gilart ◽  
M. R. B. Ungaro ◽  
C. E. A. Rodríguez ◽  
J. F. F. Hernández ◽  
M. C. Sofia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

In this research, different magnetic treatments were applied to diesel fuel using static magnetic fields of 0.36T of magnetic induction. The magnetic conditioners (MCs) were installed in different positions of the fuel lines in the engine and the magnetic treatment of the diesel was also carried out before introducing it into the engine tanks. The study was conducted using a four-stroke, two-cylinder, Lister Petter (LPWS2) engine with a compression ratio of 23.5:1 and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen oxides and the temperature of the exhaust gases and the mass consumption of fuel were measured. The highest levels of reduction were achieved with the magnetic treatments that locate the MC directly in the engine's pipes. As the number of MC in the engine pipes increases, the emissions of polluting gases decrease. With the treatment that locates one MC in front of each injector, two MC at the entrance of the filter and two MC in the return of fuel were able to increase the O2 emissions by 6.9% and decrease the CO emissions in about 21.3% in the last load of the generator set. With this treatment a decrease in fuel consumption of 4.89% to 80% of engine load was obtained.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF METHODS AND PARAMETERS OF PRE-START THERMAL PREPARATION OF THE ENGINE FOR STARTING DEPENDING ON THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Evgenii Potapov ◽  
Dmitriy Vahrameev ◽  
Stanislav Sinickiy ◽  
Vladimir Medvedev ◽  
Alexey Terentyev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Correction Coefficient ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Start Up

Due to the lack of a generally accepted methodology for calculating the starting processes of automotive diesel engines, today it is not possible to calculate their temperature parameters with a sufficient degree of accuracy during start-up, which determine the condition of a guaranteed start-up process. The main problem in applying theoretical calculations is that they take into account the compression ratio of the engine. But the compression ratio and the value of the actual pressure in the engine cylinders during the start-up are completely different indicators. The purpose of this work is to correct the generally accepted dependencies for determining the temperature parameters of a diesel engine by introducing a correction factor that takes into account the reduced pressure in the engine cylinders during start-up, as well as calculating the temperature parameters during start-up according to the proposed calculation method. The correction factor is determined experimentally and depends on the engine temperature. When applying the correction factor, it becomes possible to accurately calculate the temperature of the fuel-air mixture, which determines the possibility of a guaranteed start-up process and at the same time allows you to set the minimum necessary requirements for the means of thermal pre-start preparation. A group of graduate students and teachers (Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy and Kazan Agrarian University) conducted a number of practical studies on the basis of one of the leading agricultural enterprises of the Udmurt Republic JSC "Ilyich's Way". The MTZ-82 tractor was taken as the object of the study. The subject of the study was the launch of its D-243 engine at low temperatures in real operating conditions. The choice of this model of diesel engine is due to its wide application on tractors. The studies were carried out according to the approved test program, which consists in starting the D-243 engine of the MTZ-82 tractor at temperatures from - 30 ° C with an interval of 5 ° C to +5 ° C (engine temperature is equal to ambient temperature), as well as from +5 ° C to +90 ° C with an interval of 20 ° C (ambient temperature +20 ° C). Measurements were carried out to determine the amount of compression in the engine cylinders and the speed of rotation of the crankshaft at certain temperatures. The experiments were carried out using a starter charger that provides the full electric power of the diesel starter. As a result of the experimental work carried out, a change in the value of the correction coefficient from the engine temperature was established, and in accordance with the modified methodology of theoretical calculations, the values of the temperature of the fuel-air mixture at the end of the compression stroke of the diesel engine at start-up are given. It is established that the minimum required pre-start temperature of the diesel engine should be at least +5 ° C. Based on the results of the analysis of calculations, the directions of ensuring a guaranteed start of the diesel engine by simultaneously heating the coolant and engine oil are proposed. These requirements can be provided by a thermal storage system that does not require additional energy sources for its operation

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document