scholarly journals High Temperature Pyrolysis of Municipal Plastic Waste Using Me/Ni/ZSM-5 Catalysts: The Effect of Metal/Nickel Ratio

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-asadi ◽  
Norbert Miskolczi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Manganese Catalysts ◽  
Municipal Plastic Waste ◽  
Catalyst Morphology

This work is dedicated to the high temperature pyrolysis of municipal plastic waste using Me/Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts. Catalysts were synthetized by wet impregnation. In addition to nickel, synthetic zeolite catalysts contain calcium, ceria, lanthanum, magnesia or manganese. Catalysts were prepared and tested using 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 Me/Ni ratios. Catalyst morphology was investigated by SEM and surface analysis. Higher concentrations of second metals can block catalyst pore channels due to the more coke formation, which leads to smaller surface area. Furthermore, the chemicals used for the impregnation were among the catalyst grains, especially in case of 2.0 Me/Ni ratios. For pyrolysis, a horizontal tubular furnace reactor was used at 700 °C. The highest hydrogen and syngas yields were observed using ceria- and lanthanum-covered catalysts. The maximum production of syngas and hydrogen (69.8 and 49.2 mmol/g raw material) was found in the presence of Ce/Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst with a 0.5 Me/Ni ratio.

Study for Catalytical Degradation of Pyrolytic Oil from Municipal Plastic Waste

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3488-3495
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Zhi Rong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Municipal Plastic Waste ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Pyrolytic Oil

HY zeolite showed better catalytic activities than FCC in the catalytical degradation of pyrolytic oil. This conclusion can be got through the evaluation experiment. HY zeolite catalysts were chosen to study the influence of operating conditions in the degradation of pyrolytic oil with different raw material concentration, reaction temperature and the amount of catalyst. Through the orthogonal test, the optimal conditions were got as follow: the reaction temperature was 450°C, the pyrolytic oil concentration was 30wt.%, and the amount of catalysts was 3g.

Plastic waste to liquid oil through catalytic pyrolysis using natural and synthetic zeolite catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Miandad ◽  
M.A. Barakat ◽  
M. Rehan ◽  
A.S. Aburiazaiza ◽  
I.M.I. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Experimental Study on Carbonization of Low-Rank Pulverized Coal with High Temperature Heat Pipe

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1035-1039
Author(s):  
Li Qun Wang ◽  
Zhong Bo Yi ◽  
Zhong Xiang Wei
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
High Temperature Heat Pipe

Aimed at improving the utilization of pulverized coal, high-temperature heat pipe technology was introduced into lignite carbonization.Under the design of power of 10kw semi-industrial pulverized coal carbonization test equipment, Fugu lignite coal as raw material to investigate the operating characteristics of the device and carbonization characteristics. Experimental result shows that the high temperature heat pipes heat steadily and meet the temperature requirement of low-temperature carbonization. With the extension of the holding time, the semi-coke fixed carbon content increasing, but volatile matter vice versa, however, holding time above 60 minutes, the effect of carbonization is not obvious, and the best carbonization time is 30 ~ 60 minutes. The length of the holding time has little effect on gas composition, the content of H2 and CH4 are relatively higher than the rest gas, (H2 + CH4) gas accounted for 70% of the total, the heating value remains at 18.76 ~ 19.22MJ/m3, belongs to medium-high value gas, could provide for industrial and civilian use.

scholarly journals Preparation of Graphene/TiO2Composite Nanomaterials and Its Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donggen Huang ◽  
Tianzi Yang ◽  
Zhuanghong Mo ◽  
Qin Guo ◽  
Shuiqing Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Anoxic Water ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Stripping

The graphene (GR) was prepared by an improved electrochemical stripping method using a high-purity graphite rod as raw material and high temperature heat reduction in hydrogen atmosphere, and the graphene/TiO2(GR/TiO2) composite nanomaterials were manufactured by the method of sol-gel and high temperature crystallization in hydrogen atmosphere using butyl titanate and electrolysis graphene as precursors. The physical and chemical properties of the composites had been characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM),  and specific surface area (SSA) by BET method. The photocatalytic properties of GR/TiO2composites nanomaterials in anoxic water were studied by using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as probe. The results showed that graphite was well intercalated and peeled by a facile electrolysis method in different electric field environment; a well dispersed and rings structure of graphene was prepared by coupling ultrasound-assisted changing voltage electrochemical stripping technology. The as-prepared GR/TiO2composites had good performance for the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D in anoxic water; the chlorines were removed from benzene ring; the middle products of dichlorophenol, chlorophenol, phloroglucinol, and so forth were produced from the photocatalytic redox reaction of 2,4-D in anoxic water; parts of 2,4-D were decomposed completely, and CO2and H2O were produced.

scholarly journals Exploring traditional thread-making and simple weaving used in OPP lamination film upcycling for ecologically responsible textile craft

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
R E Santoso ◽  
L A Utami
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
Traditional Technology ◽  
Cradle To Cradle ◽  
Craft Community ◽  
Woven Textile

Abstract Aiming for sustainable eco-friendly craft/design practice, this design research explored upcycling-practice of OPP plastic waste using traditional technology to create an alternative raw material for textile craft. By combining cultural investigation into the textile-making tradition with Cradle-to-Cradle design principles, we identified the potential of traditional technology as an ecologically responsible production process. We also developed upcycling method to process OPP plastic waste material. This research resulted in: (1) thread-making techniques that produce different sizes of thread as raw materials and hand-woven textile, (2) revitalized endangered indigenous technology of craft-making that had been a part of human-nature ecology, (3) eco-design education that can be accepted by local textile craft community, and (4) textile craft products that express the local identity and promote environmental care.

scholarly journals Properties dependence of the lightweight alumina products obtained by a semi-dry pressing method on the alumina type

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
V. V. Martynenko ◽  
Yu. A. Krakhmal ◽  
K. I. Kushchenko ◽  
T. G. Tishina
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Alumina Grade ◽  
Pitch Coke ◽  
Calcium Hexaluminate ◽  
Dry Pressing

Lightweight materials are widely used in industry for thermal insulation of various thermal units. The choice of lightweight material depends on the specific conditions of service. For the lining of high-temperature units operating in reducing environments, alumina lightweight products are used that contain a minimum amount of Fe2O3 impurities and free (unbound in compounds) SiO2. In JSC “URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy” a technology of alumina lightweight products of grades KLA-1.1 and KLA-1.3 by a semi-dry pressing method with an application temperature of up to 1550 °C has been developed. These products are made from a mixture of ground and no-milled γ-form alumina of grade 0 and α-form alumina of grade S with additives of pitch coke and chalk. The work purpose was improvement of the alumina lightweight products technology and search for new alternative raw materials along with the currently used alumina grade S. The properties dependence of alumina lightweight products, obtained by the semi-dry pressing method, on the type of alumina α-form, was investigated. As a result of the studies, it was found that, for the manufacture of alumina lightweight products of grades KLA-1.1 and KLA-1.3 by the semi-dry pressing method, alumina grades N and NR can be used as an alternative alumina-containing raw material along with alumina grade S. The phase composition of alumina lightweight products of grades KLA-1.1 and KLA-1.3, which are manufactured using alumina grades S, N and NR, was represented mainly by corundum and calcium hexaluminate. The alumina lightweight products, which were manufactured using alumina grades S, N and NR, were characterized by similar high properties and correspond the technical requirements for grades KLA-1.1 and KLA-1.3.

scholarly journals Use and disposal of disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and catering companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-363
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Panasenkova ◽  
◽  
Olga E. Gruzdeva ◽  
Maria G. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
Polymeric Waste ◽  
Disposable Plastic

The increased use of disposable plastic consumer packaging, especially in the sanitary and epidemiological conditions of COVID-19, makes it necessary to dispose of the resulting waste. The problem is aggravated by the weak processing of waste, which is stored and not destroyed in nature. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to analyze the problems caused by the consumption and disposal of plastic disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and public catering companies. A brief comparative analysis of the composition and quantities of the plastic waste was carried out. The legal documents governing the waste management in Russia and abroad were studied. The Russian waste recycling market was compared with the foreign ones. Data on polymeric waste(composition, quantity, share in the total mass of waste, cost, and possibility of using as a secondary raw material) were studied. The lack of an effective system for collecting polymer waste and its utilization in Russia was emphasized and compared with Asian, European and American countries. In these countries, there are regulatory documents governing the collection and recycling of plastic products; the production itself is economically attractive. Recommendations aimed to encourage manufacturers to recycle waste were given; options for solving the problem of recycling plastic waste on a legislative, economic and managerial basis were offered.

Present Situation and Prospect of EAF Gas Waste Heat Utilization Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-zhi Yang ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Guang-hui Li ◽  
Yu-feng Guo ◽  
Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Steelmaking Process ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Heat Utilization ◽  
Waste Heat Utilization

AbstractWith the increase of hot metal ratio in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process, physical sensible heat and chemical latent heat of gas increased significantly. As EAF raw material condition is similar to basic oxygen furnace (BOF), and the condition of BOF gas waste heat utilization technology is mature, waste heat utilization technology in EAF steelmaking will be getting more and more attention. Scrap preheating and steam production as mature technology is the main way of EAF gas waste heat utilization. Power generation converted high temperature steam to electricity will further improve the EAF gas utilization value. The previous ways are to recycle physical sensible heat of EAF gas. To use chemical latent heat of gas, the secondary combustion technology is usually adopted to make CO fully burn into CO2. Coal gas production can fully recycle the chemical latent heat of gas theoretically, which is higher efficiency than other ways. Coal gas production needs a stable steelmaking process to stabilize high temperature gas. And the way need to develop EAF sealing technology, oxygen removal technology and gas purification technology, to make gas content meet the requirements of coal gas production in EAF steelmaking process.

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